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931.
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933.
Van Deurzen PA Roelofs J Slaats-Willemse DI Rinck M Buitelaar JK Speckens AE 《Psychological reports》2011,108(1):252-262
Prior research has shown that depressive symptoms are associated with an enhanced attention toward negative stimuli and difficulty of disengaging attention from negative stimuli. The current study was an extension of a 2005 study by Koster and colleagues. A different stimulus presentation time and word set were used. The whole range of depressive symptoms was included in this sample instead of creating dichotomized groups. The Exogenous Cueing Task with negative, positive, and neutral cues was administered to 85 female undergraduate university students. Participants completed the Beck's Depression Inventory-II-NL questionnaire to measure self-reported depression. Contrary to previous findings, depressive symptoms were related to a facilitated rather than impaired attentional disengagement from negative stimuli. An explanation for the discrepancy with findings from Koster, et al. may be the different stimulus presentation time (1000 msec. instead of 500 or 1500 msec.). 相似文献
934.
Patricia Snell Herzog 《Review of religious research》2011,53(2):227-246
Religious congregations are hypothesized to be a community organization affected by contextual inequalities. Survey and interview
data are analyzed to investigate the type and prevalence of youth programming in a geographic area. Rather than drawing a
sample of religious congregations in the area, the telephone survey was conducted with every congregation located in the three
contiguous cities. Coupled with the high response rate (98.9%), this allows for a unique analysis of a total population of
congregations in the specified area. In-person interviews were also conducted with religious youth ministers sampled from
the broader population of congregations. U.S. Census (American Factfinder, 2000) data on the areas in which the congregations were located was linked to survey and interview data. Results demonstrate contextual
effects in religious youth programming, net of denomination, congregation size, and budget. The availability and type of youth
programming in different locations relates to the inequalities embedded in these contexts. This study indicates that social
disorganization theories apply to religious organizations not in inequalities of the number of congregations located in any
particular area but in inequalities in the level of youth programming density available within those congregations. 相似文献
935.
Two word fluency tasks, the FAS letter fluency task and the "animal" semantic fluency task, were administered to 130 healthy Swedish-speaking children between 6 and 15 years of age. The main aim was to gather normative data on these word fluency tasks for Swedish-speaking children. Another purpose was to examine the switching and clustering strategies used, along with the occurrence of erroneous responses, in relation to demographic data and number of words retrieved. Both phonological and semantic analyses of switching and clustering were conducted. Higher age was found to be related to a more effective use of phonological and semantic switching and clustering strategies. The reference data resulting from this study may be of clinical value in examinations of children with various diagnoses, including language impairment. 相似文献
936.
Roderick P. McDonald 《Psychometrika》2011,76(4):511-536
A distinction is proposed between measures and predictors of latent variables. The discussion addresses the consequences of
the distinction for the true-score model, the linear factor model, Structural Equation Models, longitudinal and multilevel
models, and item-response models. A distribution-free treatment of calibration and error-of-measurement is given, and the
contrasting properties of measures and predictors are examined. 相似文献
937.
Donald Keefer 《Sophia》2011,50(2):303-311
Robert Solomon criticized the philosophy of death for abstracting from human reality to treat our mortality as a collection
of metaphysical puzzles. Nowhere is death less abstract than in our response to the death of our loved ones. The public face
of our response is the memorial service and the eulogies that move us. Our experience of a eulogy can be as cathartic as Aristotle
theorized as part of great tragedy. However, treating the oration as a work of art seems inappropriate; seeking to understand
our engagement in aesthetic terms disrespectful to the grieving. This paper attempts to resolve this paradox by exploring
analogies between the structures of eulogies and those of tragedy, and showing that, rather than traditional aesthetics' "promise
of happiness," our engagement is concerned with the "promise of meaning." Psychological research on the nature of empathy
theorizes that humans are hard-wired to feel the experiences of others and this is undoubtedly at work in our emotional responses
to literature and eulogies. Drawing on the work of Dacher Keltner, the paper argues that the key to the aesthetics of eulogies
and literature lies in their power to invoke our "awe" in response to their words. 相似文献
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Alistair Rolls 《Sophia》2011,50(4):527-541
This paper demonstrates that L'étranger, Camus's famous novel about an outsider, had by as early as 1946 become just as much of an 'insider' in terms of its affiliation
to the Parisian literary tradition. More than an insider simply by virtue of its contemporary place in the French canon, then,
the novel is also intertextually bound to a tradition of oxymoronic poetics dating back to Charles Baudelaire's Paris Spleen (Les Petits poèmes en prose). I shall examine the way in which L'étranger performs its prose poetics, thereby establishing it as exemplary of a Parisian model of modernity. Additionally, the famous
scene on the beach will be considered as a liminal space and as a literary translation of Paris into the desert, which, once
a joke for Paris's relationship to provincial France, became after the Second World War a new allegory for the capital's self-alterity. 相似文献