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991.
As a generalization of the standardized mean difference between two independent populations, two different effect size measures have been proposed to represent the degree of disparity among several treatment groups. One index relies on the standard deviation of the standardized means and the second formula is the range of the standardized means. Despite the obvious usage of the two measures, the associated test procedures for detecting a minimal important difference among standardized means have not been well explicated. This article reviews and compares the two approaches to testing the hypothesis that treatments have negligible effects rather than that of no difference. The primary emphasis is to reveal the underlying properties of the two methods with regard to power behavior and sample size requirement across a variety of design configurations. To enhance the practical usefulness, a complete set of computer algorithms for calculating the critical values, p-values, power levels, and sample sizes is also developed. 相似文献
992.
Mansoor?Tavakoli Hadi?Yaghoubinejad Nourollah?ZarrinabadiEmail author 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2018,37(3):477-487
The present study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design to examine the use of motivational strategies by Iranian English teachers and to see whether there were any culture-specific strategies. For the quantitative phase of the study, Cheng and Dörnyei’s (2007) motivational strategies questionnaire was distributed among 185 teachers to investigate their attached importance to and actual frequency of use of motivational macro strategies. In the qualitative phase, in order to explore a deep picture of the salient and specific motivational strategies and the reasons behind them, a set of semi-structured interviews with 10 volunteer teachers were conducted. Although results generally endorsed the findings of the original study and other similar ones, some culture-specific differences in strategy importance and use were traced, particularly in terms of promoting learners’ autonomy and goal-orientedness. The teachers devalued the motivational load of these variables due to the authoritarian sense of respect in their local context. 相似文献
993.
Duccio?BaroniEmail author Amanda?Nerini Camilla?Matera Cristina?Stefanile 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2018,37(3):467-476
The present cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the relationships among specific facets of dispositional mindfulness, psychological well-being, and emotional distress. To understand the relationships among these variables is crucial in order to expand the knowledge of the processes underlying mindfulness effects and to develop effective interventions. The participants (119 Italian males and females; mean age = 29 years) completed self-report questionnaires assessing mindfulness (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, non-reactivity to inner experience), emotional distress, and psychological well-being. Path analysis revealed that each facet of mindfulness played a unique role in influencing emotional suffering. In line with our prediction, no significant correlation emerged between the observing facet and either psychological well-being or emotional distress. Both the capacity to describe inner events and to act with awareness had an indirect effect on emotional distress, which was fully mediated by the perception of psychological well-being. On the other hand, the capacity for non-reacting to emotions and thoughts directly influenced emotional distress. Interestingly, non-judging inner events showed both a direct and indirect effect on the outcome variable. These findings confirmed the significant role of psychological well-being in mediating the relationship between some facets of mindfulness and emotional distress. Moreover, different mindfulness abilities play specific roles in reducing emotional distress, so mindfulness should be considered as a multidimensional construct. 相似文献
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995.
Brian?GregorEmail authorView authors OrcID profile 《Continental Philosophy Review》2018,51(3):421-438
This essay examines what the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur can contribute to current debates on the role of spiritual exercise, or askēsis, in philosophical life. The influential work of Pierre Hadot and Michel Foucault has sparked a widespread interest in the ancient model of philosophy, variously described as a way of life, art of living, or care of the self. Ricoeur’s potential contribution to this conversation has been overlooked, largely because he does not discuss these themes explicitly or often. However, Ricoeur’s early phenomenology of embodiment in The Voluntary and the Involuntary offers valuable insights regarding the exercises of self-transformation. After a brief survey of Ricoeur’s concept of askēsis, this essay draws on Ricoeur to demonstrate the merits of physical exercise, or gymnastic, in ethical and spiritual formation. Gymnastic, Ricoeur shows, can be a form of spiritual exercise. The final section of the paper then makes a similarly counterintuitive claim: namely, that reading is an embodied practice that can facilitate the ethical formation of the lived body. 相似文献
996.
997.
Chantal?RobillardEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Janet?McLaughlin Donald?C.?Cole Biljana?Vasilevska Richard?Gendron 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2018,19(3):583-606
Drawing on the experiences of service providers supporting live-in caregivers and migrant agricultural workers in two Canadian provinces (Ontario and Quebec), we explore how structural violence shapes the precarious conditions of female temporary foreign workers. Service providers emphasized how transnational social pressures on women to maintain employment, the captivity involved in women’s employment contracts, the limits on unionization, and women’s isolation and lack of privacy, act together to create an unbalanced relationship between the employer and female worker. In turn, this leads to precarious migration and work conditions that foster a vulnerability to violence and abuse while at the same time limiting access to and delivery of services and social support to female temporary foreign workers. Amid these restrictions, service providers focus on making a difference where they can through initiatives such as human rights education workshops, offering support, understanding Canadian regulation, and empowerment workshops. Greater Canadian national options for permanent residency status could provide a basis for adequate services to temporary foreign workers as part of their universal human rights. Temporary foreign workers contribute to Canadian society, making it encumbant upon the Canadian state to ensure the respect of their universal human rights. 相似文献
998.
999.
Maria?Lorena?CookEmail authorView authors OrcID profile 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2018,19(3):771-789
Most countries in Europe have seen the rise of anti-immigrant political parties in recent years and many have implemented more restrictive immigration measures. Portugal has moved in the opposite direction, seeking to produce some of the best practices and laws on immigration and immigrant integration. Traditional theories of immigration policy fail to account for the Portuguese case, and regional models of immigration overlook ways in which Portugal diverges. Instead, Portuguese policies are best understood as the product of (1) a political consensus on immigration that derives in part from Portugal’s social-revolutionary democratic transition; (2) innovative institutions that enjoy both autonomy and political support, enable a “whole-of-government” approach, and mediate social pressures created by immigration; and (3) leadership choices made by politicians, bureaucrats, and civil society groups to forge consensus and seek inclusion. The Portuguese case signals the importance of adopting other lenses for the comparative study of immigration policies that go beyond regional models and highlight policy similarities among countries from distinct regions. 相似文献
1000.
Davíe?Freyr?Bj?rnsson Fredrik?Kopsch Gylfi?ZoegaEmail author 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2018,19(3):829-847
Labour market integration, and the free movement of people, has been a key feature of the European Economic Area (EEA). In fact, the EEA states that the free movement of people is “perhaps the most important right for individuals, as it gives citizens of the 31 EEA countries the opportunity to live, work, establish business and study in any of these countries.” However, unless citizens within the EEA are granted equal possibilities, the free movement will be of less value. This paper sets out to study the role of the rental housing market, in particular from the perspective of equal possibilities between majority (domestic) and minority (foreign) groups in Iceland. With the largest minority group of the Icelandic workforce being Polish, it is important from an integration perspective to study potential differences between native and Polish workers in possibilities to enter the rental housing market. By conducting an Internet field experiment, we show that Polish men in fact face a more difficult situation on the rental housing market than others, which serves as an impediment to the free flow of labour for this group of immigrants. 相似文献