小学生动机归因量表的编制

该量表是以动机认知的归因理论为基础,用以测试小学生学习归因倾向的工具。样卷经过三次预测,取样８５２名。全表共有２４个项目,由２（成功,失败）×２（语文,数学）共４个分量表组成。常模采用划级评定形式。本量表的信度和效度令人满意,适用于三年级以上智力正常的儿童。     

军校医学生心理应激影响因素的通径分析

目的探讨军校医学生心理应激的影响因素及其相互作用方式。方法选用军校医学生日常困扰评定量表、应付方式问卷、特质焦虑问卷、自尊量表和流调中心用抑郁量表对935名军校医学生进行测试，采用SPSS10．0对数据进行统计分析。结果日常困扰主要通过间接作用影响军校医学生的心理应激；自尊和特质焦虑对心理应激具有直接作用和间接作用。应付方式是日常困扰、个性特点影响心理应激的中间环节。结论维护军校医学生的身心健康，可以把优化其个性结构，加强应对训练作为一个切入点。     

唐伯元的心性论与修身崇礼说

本文从唐伯元的治学经历入手,探讨他的学术、思想的渊源与主要内涵:唐伯元心性论的基本结构,他对性与身、心与物、理与欲的看法;在此基础上,他将修身看作一个包容着齐家治国平天下的渐次扩展的过程,以此为孔门学问之要旨;因此,他批评阳明学派“以心为学”的倾向,并着力推崇“礼”学,以礼为儒者内外双修、成己成物的必须遵循的途径。     

Navigating uncertainty in human social decision-making: Consequences and coping strategies

Uncertainty is a fundamental aspect of human social life. Based on fruitful findings, the current review aims to establish a schema that outlines the relationship between uncertainty and human social decision-making: the influences of uncertainty on social decision-making (mainly prosocial behaviors) and the strategies commonly employed to reduce social uncertainty. Human prosocial behaviors are modulated by both social and nonsocial uncertainty. Specifically, uncertainty decreases prosocial behaviors by providing moral wiggling room or promoting loss aversion but also helps maintain relationships by mitigating negative interactions. Moreover, impression formation, impression updating, and compliance with social norms are crucial strategies for coping with social uncertainty, but they are subject to various biases. Finally, we highlight some important issues that need to be addressed in future studies. In summary, the current review deepens our understanding of the role of uncertainty in social behaviors.     

Congruence couple therapy for alcohol use and gambling disorders with comorbidities (part I): Outcomes from a randomized controlled trial

A nonblinded randomized trial was conducted at two Canadian provincial outpatient addiction clinics that tested the effectiveness of a systemic congruence couple therapy (CCT) versus individual-based treatment-as-usual (TAU) on nine clinical outcomes: (1) primary outcomes—alcohol use and gambling, psychiatric symptoms, and couple adjustment; (2) secondary outcomes—emotion regulation, substance use, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and life stress. Data of primary clients and partners (N = 46) were analyzed longitudinally across baseline, posttreatment (5 months), and follow-up (8 months). Alcohol use disorder (95%) and gambling disorder (5%) were in the severe range at baseline, and co-addiction was 27%. Psychiatric comorbidity was 100%, and 18% of couples were jointly addicted. Between-group comparison favored CCT in primary outcomes with medium-to-large effect sizes (Cohen's h = 0.74–1.44). Secondary outcomes were also significantly stronger for CCT (Cohen's h = 0.27–1.53). Within-group, for all primary outcomes, a significant proportion of symptomatic CCT clients and partners improved, converging with ANOVA results of large effect sizes (0.14–0.29). All secondary outcomes improved significantly in CCT with large effect sizes (0.14–0.50). TAU showed significant within-group improvement in alcohol use, other substance use, and life stress with large effect sizes (0.16–0.40). Primary clients and partners made largely equivalent improvement within CCT and within TAU. Results were triangulated with clients' satisfaction ratings and counselors' reports. Overall, significant within-group effects were detected for CCT both clinically and statistically and between-group difference favored CCT. Future trials are required to validate these promising findings.     

“Decoding MH”—A de-stigmatization campaign in the Hong Kong Police Force

Police officers are under high level of stress given the intense and emergent work nature. If left untreated, their mental wellbeing would be at risk and work performance compromised. However, mental health stigma is common among police officers and is perpetuated by factors like police cultures emphasizing toughness and self-reliance. In view of this, since 2016, the Hong Kong Police Force had launched a holistic campaign for Force members which was the first among law enforcement organizations in Hong Kong, aiming to reduce stigma, by enhancing mental health knowledge and decreasing negative attitudes and behaviors towards mental health issues. The programme incorporated standardised trainings of the Mental Health First Aid course with examples modified to the local police context, and psychoeducation via the use of digital medium and sharing by public figures. Positive feedback was received. It was foreseen that the campaign effects would increase Force members' awareness of their mental health, encourage help-seeking and facilitate officers' decision making when encountering crises in the community.     

心理咨询中当事人的改变过程：同化模型的视角

摘 要 目的：选用心理咨询中获得成功改变的中国当事人,验证美国学者William B. Stiles等提出的同化模型。方法：采用同化分析这一用来追踪心理治疗中当事人问题经验发展进程的研究方法,对案例的会谈逐字稿资料进行分析。结果：三位研究者追踪到了两个主题（两对声音）,摘录了68个段落。其对两个主题摘录段落的同化评分与三位独立评定者的评分具有较高的相关（0.90和0.85）,同化的评分随着会谈的进程而提高（相关分别为0.89和0.91）。当事人在心理咨询中的改变过程遵循同化模型有关治疗改变的发展序列。结论：中国当事人的心理咨询改变过程支持同化模型的理论构想。     

小学儿童混合情绪理解的发展研究*

旨在探究小学阶段儿童的混合情绪理解发展状况。以能够引发儿童混合情绪的经典故事情景为材料,对小学1-6年级242名儿童采用半结构式访谈法和测验法进行实验,结果表明:小学儿童混合情绪理解水平存在显著的年龄效应,呈现出随年龄增大混合情绪理解水平逐渐提高的发展趋势。对他人和对自身混合情绪理解差异显著,对他人混合情绪的理解是对自身混合理解的基础,同性质和不同性质(冲突)混合情绪的理解能力存在显著差异。不同性质(冲突)混合情绪的理解能力发展较晚。因此,混合情绪理解能力在小学阶段快速发展,呈现出年龄、理解的对象、情绪的性质三个方面的显著差异。     

影响城市退休人员再就业意向的相关因素研究*

为了更好地促进退休人员人力资源的开发和提高退休人员的生活质量,本研究采用城市退休人员再就业自我效能量表等工具对城市退休人员的再就业意向进行调查。探索了影响退休人员再就业意向的相关因素以及它们之间相互的关系。结果发现:男性退休人员比女性退休人员再就业意向更强;年龄越低再就业意向越强;专业技术比受教育程度对退休人员的再就业意向有更大影响;就业机会、再就业态度、再就业自我效能和他人支持都能显著地预测再就业意向。研究表明,再就业自我效能通过再就业态度影响再就业意向,工具性态度通过情感性态度影响再就业意向,外部因素(就业机会、他人支持)能通过内部因素(求职自我效能)对再就业意向产生影响。     

大学生学科问题类比迁移的实验研究

考察了单个和两个源问题条件下大学生学科问题类比迁移的情况。实验1考察表面特性对学科问题迁移成绩的影响,以及个体的时间控制、解题策略。实验2考察两个源问题表面相似关系和思路归纳关系对迁移成绩的影响。结果表明：1)表面相似性对迁移成绩影响显著,同领域学科问题之间更容易迁移;2)依据表面和依据结构来激活源问题都是有效策略．源问题学习时间与迁移效果之间不存在显著关系;3)思路归纳对迁移成绩影响显著。