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排序方式: 共有775条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
731.
732.
Tim
van
Gelder 《Cognitive Science》1990,14(3):355-384
Connectionism has been attacked on the grounds that it does not employ compositionally structured representations (e.g., Fodor & Pylyshyn, 1988). This article develops the response that Connectionist models can, and in fact sometimes do, employ compositionally structured representations without, thereby, simply implementing a Classical “Language of Thought.” Focusing on the mode of combination employed in constructing representations, it distinguishes concatenative compositionality, essential to the Classical approach, from a merely functional counterpart increasingly common in Connectionist research. On the basis of this distinction it is possible to demonstrate that Connectionist representations can be compositional without being Classical, and further, that Fodor and Pylyshyn's supposedly conclusive arguments in favor of the Classical approach do not in fact support that approach over the Connectionist alternative (as opposed to an “ossociotionist” straw man). 相似文献
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Tim Shallice Peter McLeod Kristin Lewis 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1985,37(4):507-532
A dual-task paradigm is used to investigate whether the auditory input logogen is distinct from the articulatory output logogen. In the first two experiments it is shown that the task of detecting an unspecified name in an auditory input stream can be combined with reading aloud visually presented words with relatively little single- to dual-task decrement. The stimuli for both tasks are independent streams of random words presented at rapid rates. A series of control experiments suggest that the first task places a considerable information processing load on the auditory input logogen, the second a considerable load on the phonological output logogen, and that subjects do not switch between the two tasks. The fact that the two tasks can be combined with ease is therefore interpreted as supporting the view that the systems underlying reading aloud and listening are separate. The ease of performance when the input streams are in different modalities, compared to the difficulties when they are in the same, has implications for general models of attention. 相似文献
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Tim Edmonds 《British Journal of Guidance & Counselling》1979,7(2):225-233
Personal construct theory was applied to various occupational choice problems. It became clear that there was no single best way of applying it, since the technique could easily be adapted to suit varying circumstances. Attempts to introduce it to occupational guidance officers have so far lead to only limited use, but it is hoped that modified training may increase their confidence in utilising it where appropriate. 相似文献
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Tim Lethen 《逻辑史和逻辑哲学》2020,41(3):252-264
In 1935/1936 Kurt Gödel wrote three notebooks on the foundations of quantum mechanics, which have now been entirely transcribed for the first time. Whereas a lot of the material is rather technical in character, many of Gödel's remarks have a philosophical background and concentrate on Leibnizian monadology as well as on vitalism. Obviously influenced by the vitalistic writings of Hans Driesch and his ‘proofs’ for the existence of an entelechy in every living organism, Gödel briefly develops the idea of a computing machine which closely resembles Turing's groundbreaking conception. After introducing the notebooks on quantum mechanics, this article describes Gödel's vitalistic Weltbild and the ideas leading to the development of his computing machine. It investigates a notion of lawlike sequence which closely resembles Turing's concept of a computable number and which Gödel himself calls ‘problematic’, and compares it to the opposed concept of randomness, drawing upon the notion of program-size complexity. Finally, Gödel's machine is implemented in a dialect of the Lisp programing language. 相似文献