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261.
Pamela Cooper-White 《Pastoral Psychology》2011,60(6):809-855
This article reviews progress made in the theory and practice of pastoral care and counseling with regard to the issue of
intimate violence against women since the 1970’s. It includes a comprehensive survey of sociological, psychological, and pastoral
literature, and a summary of research on teaching about domestic violence in mainline Protestant seminaries. Social and theological
themes, including gender, power, and social and political context, and the challenges of justice-making are traced historically.
The article concludes with new recommendations for churches, pastoral caregivers, counselors, and theologians. 相似文献
262.
263.
Roy F. Baumeister 《Psychological studies》2011,56(1):5-11
The self is defined by unity, which must be constructed from multiple inner processes and representations. The unity is more
a requirement of social life than of brain activities. The self exists at the interface between the physical body and the
social system, which for humans includes culture. The three main aspects of the self are a network of information (sometimes
called the self-concept), an interpersonal being (e.g., member of a group or relationship), and executive function (e.g.,
making decisions). For each of these, multiple inner processes and representations must be integrated to produce the unity
of self. Conscious processing plays a key role in this integrative process, because it is a vital means by which different
areas of brain and mind exchange information. 相似文献
264.
Virginia S. Y. Kwan Priscila Diaz Sean P. Wojcik Summer H. Y. Kim Kelly A. Matula Katie Rodriguez 《Psychological studies》2011,56(1):151-158
In this paper, we review the recent literature on the debate over the value of self-enhancement. Past studies fall into two
distinct sets, each in the context of a different research tradition. The componential approach to self-enhancement integrates
these two divergent perspectives and takes seriously the interplay of self-perception and interpersonal perception. Instead
of global indices, the componential approach identifies specific components of person perception. By partitioning the components
in self-perception, the componential approach allows for better understanding of the dynamic interactive effects of self-enhancement
bias and other components in self-perception on adjustment. We conclude the paper by discussing the emerging attempts to advance
a componential approach to examine self-perception in terms of components and outcomes. 相似文献
265.
266.
Srinivasan Venkatesan 《Psychological studies》2011,56(2):206-215
This cross-sectional survey on a sample of parent, teacher and child respondents (n = 195) elicited their perceptions on or
about the ‘reasons/causes’ for academic problems in school students. A semi-structured ‘Demographic Data Sheet’ and another
open ended exploratory ‘Causes of Academic Problems Interview Schedule’ (CAPIS) exclusively developed for this study was used.
A classification of the ‘causes’ for academic problems into four categories by two independent observers revealed preponderance
of ‘child-centered’ causes (N: 937), followed by ‘teacher-centered’ causes (N: 751), ‘parent-centered’ (N: 643) and ‘environment
centered’ causes (N: 362). Analysis of trends show significant statistical differences in reported perceptions between the
three respondents (p: < 0.04); with highest disparity between ‘teacher-centered’ causative perceptions (p: < 0.001). Concordance
rates as measured by Cohen’s Kappa Coefficient is reflected by greater agreements on or about the reasons for academic problems
between parent-teacher respondents (0.34) and least for child-teacher reports (−0.08). The results suggest an attitudinal
triangulation on or about the reasons attributed for academic problems between parents, teachers and the children. This opens
up the need for stepping up measures to de-triangulate or harmonize these varying inter personal perceptions for optimum benefit
of such children. 相似文献
267.
Alcohol use and its associated problems among university students have attracted empirical investigation by researchers and
scholars. While many of these studies have reported a very high level of alcohol consumption and highlighted the various problems
this portends, alcohol-related perceptions of this vulnerable population, which could be germane to intervention aimed at
curtailing the problem, have remained largely under-researched. This cross-sectional survey examined the use and perceptions
of alcohol by student-patrons (n = 1,705) of beer parlours or ‘joints’ in three university communities in Southwest Nigeria. Respondents were interviewed
using AUDIT, a socio-demographic prototype and an open-ended section on alcohol-related perceptions of the students. Findings
indicated that overall, 72% of the respondents perceived that alcohol is good for socializing, 68% perceived that alcohol
is good in the aspect of stress reduction, 58% believed that alcohol consumption is indicative of maturity, 36% perceived
that alcohol enhances their sexual performance while 39% perceived that alcohol serves to enhance alertness/concentration.
Results also showed that gender (β = −. 23; p < .05), paternal alcohol use (β = .36; p < .01), parental socio-economic status (β = .33; p < .01), and residential status of university of respondents (β = .21; p < .05) significantly predicted alcohol use. The study concluded that perceptions about alcohol are very germane to understanding
students’ alcohol use and should be reckoned with in designing intervention programmes. The need to adopt a ‘client-centered’
approach to the problem of student drinking behaviour was emphasized. 相似文献
268.
Pallavi Bhatnagar 《Psychological studies》2011,56(4):410-412
The cultural ethos of inevitability of pain and suffering in Geeta and Buddhism embark upon the therapeutic handling of pain
in Psychotherapies also. The paper addresses the case of 28 year old male’s struggle with pain and how counseling is helping
him with mindfulness and acceptance slowly taking over the control and avoidance as his copings with Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy. The case study is illustrated with Hay’s concept of crucial fork in the road, that is, acceptance and commitment
and control and avoidance circles. 相似文献
269.
Giovanni Maria Ruggiero Guido Veronese Marco Castiglioni Sandra Sassaroli 《Psychological studies》2011,56(4):368-372
Grandiose states of mind could be an ineffective way to cope with low self-esteem. In fact, it is possible that grandiose
fantasies would tend to induce doubts about personal worth and decrease self-esteem. This study explored whether grandiose
fantasies help to cope with low self-esteem. The self-reported occurrence and unpleasantness of intrusive thoughts regarding
the sense of exclusion, humiliation, and low self-esteem in non-clinical individuals were assessed during self-induced grandiose
fantasies and self-induced relaxation. The occurrence and unpleasantness of low self-esteem intrusions were significantly
higher during grandiose fantasies, suggesting that grandiose fantasy is ineffective at combating low self-esteem. 相似文献
270.