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941.
Reliable data on the relationships between situational and dispositional coping strategies are sparse. In order to address this gap in the literature, this study examined the determinants and adaptational outcomes of both types of coping. Two hundred and thirty‐three students completed, along with measures of situational and dispositional coping, measures of personality, cognitive appraisals, and psychological distress, the latter variable being evaluated concurrently and prospectively (10 weeks). Results showed that personality shared as much variance with situational as with dispositional coping, but the patterns of relationships were rather different. In addition, cognitive appraisals were found to add significant incremental validity in predicting situational coping beyond trait coping, but primary appraisals were redundant with personality traits, in particular neuroticism. Finally, in spite of the significant amount of variance shared between the two types of coping, they both accounted for individual differences in concomitant and prospective psychological distress, and the relation between dispositional coping and distress was partially mediated by situational coping. The implications of these findings for understanding the relationships between the two types of coping strategy are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
942.
943.
Ute‐Christine Klehe 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》2004,12(4):327-342
The gap between science and practice in personnel selection is an ongoing concern of human resource management. This paper takes Oliver's framework of organizations' strategic responses to institutional pressures as a basis for outlining the diverse economic and social demands that facilitate or inhibit the application of scientifically recommended selection procedures. Faced with a complex network of multiple requirements, practitioners make more diverse choices in response to any of these pressures than has previously been acknowledged in the scientific literature. Implications for the science‐practitioner gap are discussed. 相似文献
944.
孔子梦见周公确有其事。宋儒认为此梦的原因是孔子早年志在推行周公之道 ,但对此梦的发生机制不甚清楚。孔子仍然受到梦魂观念的影响 ,实际认为此梦意味着周公之灵对他特别青睐和有所启示 ,并在内心里把它作为天命在身的重要根据。孔子梦见周公的历史意义 ,主要在于中国文化的传承 ,并在后世演变成文化传承的一个精神符号。 相似文献
945.
946.
947.
说明文形式图式阅读策略训练提高初中生阅读水平的实验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本研究以两所中学的136名初二学生为实验被试.采取平衡组实验设计,编制专门的(实验教程).以专门训练与日常教学渗透相结合和专门集中训练两种方式进行说明文形式图式阅读策略训练。实验结果表明:1。说明文形式图式阅读策略训练可提高学生的阅读理解水平;2。策略训练对优生、中等生的帮助更大;3。在迁移效果上,阅读策略的专门训练与教学渗透相结合的训练明显优于专门的集中训练。4。在本实验的延迟测验条件下.对策略的运用,激活组显着优于未激活组。 相似文献
948.
949.
儿童情绪伪装能力的发展研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
该文介绍了国外儿童情绪伪装能力发展及其影响因素的近期研究,这些研究结果表明:儿童最早在斗岁出现情绪伪装的认知能力,6岁时这种能力得到完善;儿童对情绪伪装认知能力和对物理属性的表面与真实的区分能力具有潜在的一致的认知基础;儿童情绪伪装能力的完善和错误信念的获得有关;文化通过社会化过程影响儿童的情绪伪装的发展。 相似文献
950.
Mothers' insightfulness, which involves understanding the motives underlying the child's behavior in a complete, open, and accepting way, was examined both at the beginning and at the end of a therapeutic preschool program for preschoolers using the Insightfulness Assessment (Oppenheim & Koren‐Karie, 2002). The goal of the study was to examine the links between improvement in mothers' insightfulness and reduction in children's behavior problems. Thirty‐two children referred to a therapeutic preschool program for a range of behavioral and emotional problems and their mothers participated in the study. Results showed that mothers who shifted from noninsightfulness before treatment to insightfulness after treatment had children whose behavior problems decreased whereas mothers who did not make such gains had children whose behavior problems increased. The social skills of all children improved during treatment. The possible mechanisms linking the gains of mothers and children are discussed within the framework of attachment theory. 相似文献