网络社会支持对中职生生活满意度的影响:公正世界信念和感恩的中介作用

为探讨网络社会支持对中职生生活满意度的影响,以及公正世界信念和感恩在其中的中介作用,采用网络社会支持问卷、公正世界信念问卷、感恩量表和生活满意度量表对656名中职生进行调查。结果发现:(1)网络社会支持、公正世界信念、感恩和生活满意度之间两两显著正相关;(2)网络社会支持对生活满意度没有直接预测作用,但可以通过两条路径的间接作用影响中职生生活满意度:通过公正世界信念的中介作用;通过感恩的中介作用。研究结果进一步揭示网络社会支持对生活满意度的作用机制,能为提升中职生的心理社会适应提供理论指导。     

Does paternalistic leadership promote innovative behavior? The interaction between authoritarianism and benevolence

We theorize about the separate and interactive effects of the two primary elements of paternalistic leadership: authoritarianism and benevolence. Accordingly, we test a mediating mechanism through which these components of paternalistic leadership stimulate employee innovative and knowledge‐sharing behaviors. A multi‐source and multi‐level study involving 302 employee‐supervisor‐peer triads in 60 Chinese technology‐based organizations supported the association between the interaction of benevolent and authoritarian leadership and employee affective trust, innovative behavior, and knowledge sharing. Moreover, affective trust mediated the interaction of benevolence and authoritarianism on employee innovative behavior and knowledge sharing. We suggest that, the two constructs underlying paternalistic leadership might promote employee breakthrough behaviors across cultures. That is, their demanding and yet selfless stance turns authoritarian‐benevolent leaders into prototypes of the followers' aspirational social identity.     

Grape Expectations: The Role of Alcohol Expectancies in the Understanding and Treatment of Problem Drinking

Although research into alcohol expectancies is reasonably well established, there is scant empirical evidence to directly relate such expectancies to the treatment of problem drinking. Consistent evidence from alcohol expectancy studies indicates that problem drinkers hold clusters of strongly positive beliefs regarding alcohol, in particular perceiving their drinking as a way of coping with specific skills deficits. However the precise relationship between such beliefs and treatment has not yet been established. The research developments needed to more fully elucidate the role that alcohol expectancies play in the treatment of problem drinking are discussed.     

Rhythmic finger tapping to cosine-wave modulated metronome sequences: Evidence of subliminal entrainment

Rhythmic finger tapping was examined during synchronization to metronome sequences whose base intervals were slightly perturbed by a cosine-wave function with the period of four samples. Data were collected under perturbation levels of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% in conjunction with base intervals of 400, 500, and 600 ms. Statistical analysis examined the relationship between the inter-response interval (IRI), inter-stimulus interval (ISI) and synchronization error (SE). It was observed that IRI and SE entrain to the periodicity of the ISI patterns even at perturbation levels close to and below the conscious auditory perception threshold. Furthermore, the similarity between the IRI and ISI increased in proportion to the perturbation level. It was also found that the relative perturbation level had more influence on the synchronization behavior than the absolute level. Finally, the observed rhythmic tracking data were modeled mathematically to examine the likelihood of three possible synchronization strategies.PsycINFO classification: 2330     

Assessing Community Quality of Life in the Context of Tourism Development

One of major purposes of tourism development in a destination is to improve the quality of life (QOL) of host community. This study aims to assess tourism-related community quality of life (TCQOL). The study applied Sirgy and Cornell’s community QOL model (2001) and modified the measuring approach incorporating resident perceptions of satisfaction, importance, and tourism effects (Andereck and Nyaupane 2010) to evaluate resident perceptions of community quality of life in the context of tourism development. The assessment incorporating the community quality of life model and the modified measuring approach that could be a useful tool for tourism practitioners and scholars to understand resident perceptions of community QOL, assess changes of resident perceived community QOL in a host community, and compare the community QOL experiences to other areas.     

集体主义背景下的宽恕研究及其对心理治疗的启示

以往的宽恕理论和宽恕干预的方法多是基于西方个人主义文化背景的, 缺乏集体主义背景下的相关研究。在集体主义背景下, 被冒犯者应对伤害的方式、宽恕的策略以及影响宽恕的人格特质都与个人主义有明显的区别。此外, 跨文化的宽恕模型也从不同角度描述了集体主义背景下的宽恕, 决定性宽恕和情绪性宽恕模型区分了不同形式的宽恕在不同文化中的表现; 基于自我和人格特质的宽恕模型描述了不同背景下影响宽恕的人格因素; 宽恕的动态过程模型描述了宽恕过程中的文化影响因素。对于这些内容的总结也对集体主义背景下的宽恕干预具有一定的启示作用。     

金钱启动研究的理论与方法

金钱启动研究是利用启动方法探索金钱心理的一种新取向。该领域现存在三种相关理论: 自足理论、社会资源理论及心理定势理论; 金钱启动研究的现有研究方法可以归纳为: 混词组句任务、呈现金钱(影像)或提示金钱问题、回忆/朗读与金钱有关的经验/故事。作者在评论部分指出了金钱启动研究的贡献及三种理论的各自不足; 在展望部分提出了对金钱启动研究内部机制的见解, 并指出未来研究应探索金钱启动的理论边界问题, 同时将个体自主与能动性一起考虑。