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71.
幼儿对数的认知及其策略 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
该研究探查幼儿对基数、数序、运算和解应用题的认知发展过程及其认知策略。着重探查:(1)不同认知任务对幼儿数认知发展的影响;(2)幼儿对基数和数序两者认知发展的顺序;(3)从幼儿主动解决问题的策略探究其认知发展水平。该研究采用定性和定量相结合的研究方法。被试为4、5、6岁城市幼儿园儿童,共92人,男女约各半。全部实验以个别方式进行。主要研究结果表明:(1)幼儿对基数、数序、运算和解应用题的认知成绩均有随年龄发展的趋势,但快速发展的年龄阶段因任务的难度而异;(2)幼儿对基数和数序的认知在4—5岁显示出不同步的发展,对基数的认知成绩优于对数序的认知,而到6岁两者具有同步发展的趋势;(3)幼儿解决问题的策略水平随年龄发展,显示了由外化水平的智力活动向完全内化的智力操作的发展过程,并具有明显的层次性。该研究结果为幼儿数能力的培养和促进提供参考依据。 相似文献
72.
社会工程哲学的兴起是21世纪以来中国哲学界的一个新创造,是对社会工程生成、发展、功能、规律的关注与追问:哲学以自己独有的方式追问究竟何谓社会工程,什么使得社会工程成为工程,社会工程与实践、生产是什么关系,社会工程对人和人类社会意味着什么. 相似文献
73.
老年心血管疾病合并糖代谢异常者更多、危害更大.口服葡萄糖2小时后血浆葡萄糖检测可避免老年人糖代谢异常的漏诊.老年心血管病患者降糖要因人而异、因病而异,降糖要宽松治疗以免低血糖的发生,更强调综合治疗、合理联合应用降糖药物. 相似文献
74.
The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) is the most widely used method of assessing premenstrual symptomatology. It is
also the most frequently criticized instrument in this field. A review of the criticisms made toward the MDQ revealed three
major issues concerning the reliability and validity of this instrument and the sample from whom normative data were gathered.
These issues were examined in light of 49 studies that used this instrument between 1968 and 1990. Many of the criticisms
were found to be justified. A marked lack of adequate research into the MDQ’s reliability, problems associated with the normative
sample, and uncertain validity were found. In particular, the MDQ appears to measure constructs unrelated to the menstrual
cycle and define premenstrual syndrome inaccurately. In addition, the factor structure of this instrument may be unstable.
These conclusions were tempered with the knowledge that the MDQ has not been utilized to its full potential in most of the
research conducted to date. 相似文献
75.
76.
该研究在文献分析和访谈的基础上,确定智力残疾运动领域成就目标定向的四维结构并编制初测问卷。对400名特奥会运动员进行了施测,对数据进行项目分析、验证性因素分析和信度分析。验证性因素分析和信度分析显示,问卷具有较好的效度和信度,可以作为运动领域四维目标定向的测量工具。 相似文献
77.
78.
Fei Geng Jia Tian Jian-Lin Wu Yun Luo Wen-Jun Zou Chao Peng Gui-Feng Lu 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2018,18(1):58-67
The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) plays a very important role in decision-related and anxiety-related information processing. It has enriched 5-HT6 receptors; however, the precise role of dmPFC 5-HT6 receptors in anxiety remains to be fully investigated. In this study, we injected dmPFC with the 5-HT6 receptor agonist EMD 386088 and antagonist SB 271046 using stereotactic technology. 5-HT6 receptor activation in mice increased time spent in the center area on the open-field test, increased exploration of the open arms on the elevated plus maze test, and increased ratio on the social interaction test. 5-HT6 receptor inactivation induced the opposite effects. In brain slices, EMD 386088 decreased both spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC), while SB 271046 only increased sEPSC. These effects of EMD 386088 and SB 271046 could be reversed by the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline (BMI) and positive allosteric modulator clonazepam (CLZ), respectively. Our results suggest that neurotransmission in the dmPFC by 5-HT6 receptor activation and inhibition may play an important role in anxiety-like behavior, and may provide new insight into the pathological mechanism and potential target of anxiety disorders. 相似文献
79.
在"生命"反抗"形式"的现代性文化境遇下,传统宗教也发生了现代转化,即宗教信仰成为宗教生命冲动的表达,这既使"宗教"由外在建构走向活生生的内在的"宗教性"生存,也面临着失去确定的形而上学目标的现代性困境。走出这一困境只能通过一条内在的精神的途径,就是将"灵魂的宗教性存在本身"视为"形而上学的价值",由此跳出主体需要和客体对象之间的二元对立,故而,确立起灵魂存在的形而上学宗教性的自觉意识和内在信仰是宗教现代性重建的关键。 相似文献
80.
Papaleo F Silverman JL Aney J Tian Q Barkan CL Chadman KK Crawley JN 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2011,18(8):534-544
BDNF regulates components of cognitive processes and has been implicated in psychiatric disorders. Here we report that genetic overexpression of the BDNF mature isoform (BDNF-tg) in female mice impaired working memory functions while sparing components of fear conditioning. BDNF-tg mice also displayed reduced breeding efficiency, higher anxiety-like scores, high self-grooming, impaired prepulse inhibition, and higher susceptibility to seizures when placed in a new empty cage, as compared with wild-type (WT) littermate controls. Control measures of general health, locomotor activity, motor coordination, depression-related behaviors, and sociability did not differ between genotypes. The present findings, indicating detrimental effects of life-long increased BDNF in mice, may inform human studies evaluating the role of BDNF functional genetic variations on cognitive abilities and vulnerability to psychiatric disorders. 相似文献