身即腾腾处世间,心即逍遥出天外——唐代道教山水悟道诗的审美之乐

道教山水悟道诗是道教诗歌的一个重大题材,亦是中国古代山水诗的一个重要组成部分。在道教形成的一千八百多年历史中,道教山水悟道诗层出不穷。迨至唐代,道教山水悟道诗更臻繁荣,其字里行间或隐或显地绽露出逍遥快乐的审美心态。本文从分析道教徒的诗歌着手,初步探讨了道教徒在特定的道教时空中宗教体验与审美快乐,追踪和探求了这类诗歌的逍遥快乐的审美心态和独特的道教文化意蕴。     

郑和下西洋与妈祖崇拜在海外的传播

一"妈祖亦称天妃、天后。"①按有关道教文献记载,妈祖崇拜,或说天妃崇拜兴起于宋代,是为海上守护女神。人间原形乃是"五代时闽王都巡检林愿的第六     

积极内群关注的来源:群内还是群外

对自己所属群体(内群)的积极评价是一种普遍的社会现象.以往的研究一致认为这种积极评价是与外群比较的结果,并将这种现象命名为内群偏爱.近来研究者发现,不跟外群比较,群体成员也会产生对内群的积极评价即积极内群关注.在介绍和评价这两种不同观点的基础上,对今后的研究进行了展望.     

女性领导能力中介效应分析

本文采用问卷调研和结构方程建模的方法对女性领导模式对食业绩效的影响进行实证研究,其中主要实证分析女性领导能力的中介效应.研究发现,女性领导能力在女性领导模式对企业绩效之间大部分中介效应显著.     

窄记忆和宽知识——外在论和自我知识相容性问题的一个解决方案

The development of the semantic externalism in the 1970s was followed by a debate on the compatibility of externalism and self-knowledge. Boghossian’s memory argument is one of the most important arguments against the compatibilist view. However, some compatibilists attack Boghossian’s argument by pointing out that his understanding of memory is internalistic. Ludlow and others developed the externalist view of memory to defend the compatibility of externalism and self-knowledge. However, the externalist view of memory undermines the epistemic status of memory since it gives memory a burden that is too heavy for it to carry. This paper argues that only if we take the content of memory to be narrow and take that of self-knowledge to be wide and replace Cartesian self-knowledge with contextually constrained self-knowledge, can the compatibility of externalism and self-knowledge be effectively defended.     

政治统治中的拟人化思维——从先秦诸子与柏拉图政治思想中的"统治者"说起

先秦诸子和柏拉图在其政治学说中对"统治者"的描述,一方面揭示政治统治中的拟人化思维广泛存在于形形色色的政治思想中;另一方面说明拟人化思维指导下的政治统治,实质就是专制和人治,即使穿上"道德"和"神学"外衣也是如此.思想家把统治者对政治的统治看作是个人意志对身体支配的翻版,虽美化了统治者,却扼杀了被统治者.要想抓住政治统治的实质,民主与法治则是克服拟人化思维的最好路径选择.     

膝关节骨性关节炎治疗中的若干问题分析

膝关节骨性关节炎是很多膝关节紊乱疾病恶化后的最常见结局,我们通过分析系统方法主要基本原则在膝关节骨性关节炎治疗中的指导性作用。揭示在医学科学研究中自觉主动运用系统科学方法,可以拓展研究的新思路,在复杂的临床工作中,为膝关节骨性关节炎的治疗提供最佳方案。     

Age of acquisition affects early orthographic processing during Chinese character recognition

Three experiments investigated age of acquisition (AoA) effects on early orthographic processing during Chinese character recognition. In Experiment 1, we measured the accuracy of identification of brief masked characters, accuracy was higher for early compared to late acquired characters. In Experiment 2, the visual duration threshold (VDT) was measured for both early and late acquired Chinese characters. The results showed that early acquired characters were successfully identified at shorter display durations than late acquired characters. Significant AoA effects were also found in Experiment 3, using a lexical decision task requiring mainly orthographic processing (discriminating real Chinese characters from orthographically illegal and unpronounceable characters). In summary, three experiments provide converging empirical evidence, for AoA effects on the early orthographic processing stages of Chinese character recognition. These results suggest that AoA effects during word identification go beyond the phonological or semantic processing stages. These results aslo provide cross-linguistic evidence for an AoA effect on early perceptual processing during identification.     

Frequency trajectory effects in Chinese character recognition: Evidence for the arbitrary mapping hypothesis

Frequency trajectory is a better measure to investigate age-limited learning effects than age of acquisition (AoA) ratings (Zevin, J. D., & Seidenberg, M. S. (2002). Age of acquisition effects in word reading and other tasks. Journal of Memory and Language, 47(1), 1-29). The current study uses frequency trajectory as a variable to investigate age-limited learning effects in Chinese character recognition, and tests predictions of the arbitrary mapping hypothesis as applied in a non-alphabetic writing system. In Experiment 1, regression analyses showed that, compared to rated AoA, frequency trajectory of characters was less affected by other lexical properties, and could explain a significant proportion of variance of AoA. In Experiment 2, the frequency trajectory and predictability from orthography to pronunciation of characters were orthogonally manipulated in a character naming task. The frequency trajectory effect appeared only for the arbitrary mapping condition. In Experiment 3, frequency trajectory and predictability from orthography to meaning of characters were manipulated in a semantic category judgment task. The frequency trajectory effects were found only when the mapping from orthography to semantic is less consistent. In summary, the study confirmed that AoA is a genuine factor affecting word processing, and the AoA effects were limited to those situations in which mapping between input and output representation was arbitrary. These results provide strong cross-linguistic evidence in support of the arbitrary mapping hypothesis.     

论于慎行的佛、道思想

于慎行是明代后期著名的政治家和文学家、史学家,其佛、道思想生动而集中地反映了晚明时代的思想风貌.于慎行参禅学佛,但对佛教现状多有批评.他探讨了佛经的翻译问题,援引佛经义理来诠释儒家经典.于慎行严格区分作为宗教组织的道教和作为学派的道家,除开晚年,他对道教基本上抱持相对疏离的态度.他服膺黄老之学,以无为政治为其施政理念,同时也深受老庄学说的影响.于慎行主张以儒家为主导,统摄佛、道,实现三教融合.