Prosocial Behavior and Subjective Well-Being in School among Elementary School Students: the Mediating Roles of the Satisfaction of Relatedness Needs at School and Self-Esteem

Applied Research in Quality of Life - We examined the multiple mediating effects of the satisfaction of relatedness needs at school and self-esteem in the relation between prosocial behavior and...     

明末天主教对中国传统道德观念的文化渗入:以反对纳妾为例

明末天主教与中国文化之间的互动,同时表现在"文化植根"与"文化渗入"两方面,即中国本土文化对天主教来华的参与和贡献,同时,天主教对中国传统文化产生的影响。本文以耶稣会士反对纳妾为例,呈现一些中国天主教徒如何因为委身于天主教而改变自己的生活方式。于耶稣会士而言,纳妾直接违背了"十诫"之"毋行邪淫"的诫命,而作为耶稣会士主要传教对象的士大夫阶层,纳妾是较为普遍的现象,而且,它符合儒家注重孝悌的道德价值。二者之间的冲突与紧张,导致了诸多的论争,而且,象王徵这样的天主教徒,一生都在围绕纳妾的问题而历经痛苦的挣扎与考验,并以悲剧告终。这样的事例表明了天主教曾经对中国传统的道德观念发生重要影响,就是促使人们采纳一夫一妻制,并对中国传统的婚姻道德实践构成改变。     

Would Confucius benefit from psychotherapy? The compatibility of cognitive behaviour therapy and Chinese values

The purpose of the present paper is to explore the conceptual compatibility between cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and the common values of Chinese Culture. In order to address such a question, the distinctive processes attributed to CBT (e.g., teaching of skills, emphasis on homework, cognitive processes, present/future focus), as summarized in the meta-analysis by Blagys and Hilsenroth [(2002). Distinctive activities of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of the comparative psychotherapy process literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 671-706], and the core values of Chinese Culture, determined through an integration of The Hofstede Project, [Hofstede, G.H. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work related values. Beverly Hills: Sage]. The Chinese Value Survey [Chinese Culture Connection (1987). Chinese values and the search for culture-free dimensions of culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 18, 143-164]. The Schwartz Value Survey [Schwartz, S.H. (1994). Cultural dimensions of values: Towards an understanding of national differences. In Kim, U., Trandis, H.C., Katiticibasi, C., Choi, S.C., & Yoon, G. (eds.), Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method and application (pp. 85-119). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage] were used. A strong degree of compatibility between the two was found and it is argued that rather than developing new indigenized therapies, with some structural changes to the processes of CBT, this therapy can be effective for Chinese clients. It is further proposed that Chinese clients may benefit from challenging their irrational cognitions that are bound up in their strict adherence to social norms. Future recommendations for increasing the compatibility of CBT to Chinese culture are discussed.     

题组反应理论及其在中学英语考试中的应用研究

题组作为众多测验中的一种常见题型,由于项目间存在一定程度的依赖性而违背了局部独立性假设,若用项目反应模型进行参数估计将会出现较大的偏差.题组反应理论将被试与题组的交互作用纳入到模型中,解决了项目间相依性的问题.笔者对题组反应理论的发展、基本原理及其相关研究进行了综述,并将其应用在中学英语考试中.与项目反应理论相对比,结果发现：（1）题组反应模型与项目反应模型在各参数估计值的相关系数较强,尤其是能力参数和难度参数;（2）在置信区间宽度的比较上,题组反应模型在各个参数上均窄于项目反应模型,即题组反应模型的估计精度优于项目反应模型.     

Role of personal endorsement of outgroup members' distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in attitude towards the outgroup

The present study was designed to examine the role of the perceived culture of the outgroup and the perceiver's cognitive style on the intergroup process. We conducted a survey among mainland Chinese college students to discover the role of their personal endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese's distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in predicting their attitude towards the Hong Kong Chinese outgroup. Results showed that mainland Chinese who gave a higher endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese values were more likely to show a positive attitude towards Hong Kong Chinese, especially for people with a higher need for cognitive closure. These results were discussed in terms of the function of shared social reality on the formation of positive intergroup attitude. Future directions for intergroup research were proposed based on these findings.     

Body Weight Reduction by Water Deprivation and Schedule-Induced Phenomena

On of the most important factors in the generation of schedule induced polydipsia, and schedule induced self-injection of drugs is the prior reduction of the animals' body weight to 80% of their free-feeding weight by food deprivation. It is suggested that reductio of body weight to 80% by water deprivation should produce similar results. The series of experiments reported here showed that rats reduced to 80% body weight by water deprivation did not develop either schedule-induced polydipsia or schedule induced wheelrunning. The results thus suggest that body weight reduction may not be a critical condition in the development of schedule-induced phenonmena.     

HSK主观考试评分的Rasch实验分析

主观评分中存在的不一致性导致主观评分的信度降低。多面Rasch模型基于项目反应理论,可以应用于评分员效应的识别和消除,从而提高主观评分的信度。该文介绍多面Rasch模型的理论和应用框架,设计了基于该模型的HSK主观考试评分质量控制应用框架,利用HSK作文评分数据进行了实验验证。     

中国管理者隐性知识的结构及相关研究

该研究以Sternberg的隐性知识理论为基础,目的在于探讨中国背景下管理者隐性知识的结构,探讨隐性知识与经验、认知能力的关系以及隐性知识对绩效的预测作用。经修订研究所采用的Sternberg等人开发的管理者隐性知识量表有较好的信效度,验证性因素分析得出中国背景下的管理者隐性知识是一个二阶三因素结构。相关分析表明,管理者隐性知识与管理经验显著相关,而与工作年限以及逻辑推理能力无显著相关。分别以管理者自评绩效和其参加的评价中心测评结果作为效标,分层回归分析发现管理他人的隐性知识在一般认知能力之外对管理潜力、任务和周边绩效均有递增预测效度,管理自我的隐性知识在一般认知能力之外对周边绩效也有递增预测效度。     

制度反腐:问题、依据与原则

本文以党的十七大精神为指导,运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法,立足我国当前实际,对目前反腐制度存在的不足、制度反腐的可能与应当遵循的原则进行了深入探讨.     

唯物史观视野中的社会工程哲学

社会工程哲学的兴起是21世纪以来中国哲学界的一个新创造,是对社会工程生成、发展、功能、规律的关注与追问:哲学以自己独有的方式追问究竟何谓社会工程,什么使得社会工程成为工程,社会工程与实践、生产是什么关系,社会工程对人和人类社会意味着什么.