Considerations of the religious dimensions of emotional disorder

This author seeks to investigate some of the possible forms of relationship between religion and emotional disorder-instances in which a person's religious life appears to have been one of the sources of an emotional disorder, the influence of faith as an organizing center for one's life even in the midst of emotional disorder, and delusional systems and hallucinatory experiences in which traditional religious material in some form is an obvious component. The conclusion is drawn that while religious factors may be interwoven with the etiology of disorder they are neither predisposing nor precipitating causes per se, that the religious material exhibited in a pathological form is basically unrelated to earlier religious life, and that religious faith and its practice may in fact be ego-supportive. Implications of these findings for individual psychotherapy, for pastoral consultation, and for worship are discussed.     

Marriage preparation and marriage enrichment: The preventive approach

Premarital counseling and marriage enrichment are viewed as two areas of a life continuum prevention program. Premarital counseling is seen as the first step in preparation for marriage, to be followed six months to a year after marriage by a neomarital counseling experience. Content and process for the counseling are elaborated. Marriage enrichment groups are recommended at various points during the life of a marriage. Three models for enrichment are presented. Prevention programs are viewed as vital experiences for personal and relationship maintenance and growth.He is also a member of the faculty of Waterloo Lutheran Seminary, Waterloo, Ontario.     

TOWARDS SUCCESSFUL PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATIONS*

This article raises the question of how to organise associations of psychologists in such a way that they will be successful in the nineties. From the point of view of a sociologist of work and organisation by discipline and experience the importance of the use of different types of power to obtain compliance of the association's membership is stressed (section 1). The process of organisation building is treated in section 2. Attention is paid to the functions that associations have to fulfill for their members in order to be and remain influential (section 3). The association's policy is influenced itself by organisational dynamics, consequence of the segmentation process in society and profession and the accompanying shift in power relations (section 4). The best way to handle a number of professional issues (section 5) is by choosing for a strategic policy (section 6). The article is concluded (section 7) with a list of 20 commandments to ensure that one's association will be successful in the next decade.     

Religion and medicine: A theoretical overview

Recent scholarly studies in history, sociology, anthropology, religion, and psychosomatic medicine, coupled with clinical experience in the care of patients, call for a reassessment of the interrelationships between religion and medicine. Six major areas of interaction between these forms of human experience are identified and outlined. Investigations into these interlinkages not only offer challenging new opportunities for discovery but also hold promise for the development of new, more effective forms of medical care and healing. This new understanding of the interconnections between medicine and religion has many implications both for health care practitioners and for professionals with specialized training in religious studies.Has studied and taught in the areas of religion, American and Western history, and the history of medicine and medical ethics. He is the author of a number of publications on history, ethics, and the interrelationships between religion and medicine.     

Timing and stiffness in speech motor control of stuttering and nonstuttering adults

Twelve stutterers and 12 nonstutterers were investigated in order to measure speech movements of the jaw. They spoke the nonsense word /papapas/ with stress on either the first or second syllable and with three speech rates (fast, moderate, and slow). During these trials, jaw movements were analyzed with a selspot-like optical tracking system. It was shown that stutters and nonstutterers applied the same strategies for realizing jaw movements of accented and unaccented syllables. The first strategy (stiffness variation) was used to achieve fast jaw movements while the second strategy (timing) was used in order to realize jaw movements for accented syllables. These results were taken as evidence for the assumption that, in general, stutterers and nonstutterers used the same control strategies when speaking fluently. However, it was also evident that stutterers produced lengthened jaw opening and closing durations as well as reduced peak velocities and maximal opening and closing displacements. This deviating movement pattern was supposed to reflect motor compensations necessary to achieve fluent speech rather than anomalies of the speech neuromotor system.     

Does parental concern about their child performance matter? Transactional links with the student's motivation and development of self-directed learning behaviors

Social Psychology of Education - The nature of the links between students’ motivation and their perception of parental concern about school performance is still controversial, and whether...     

Syntactic Priming: A Corpus-based Approach

The present study is a corpus-based investigation of syntactic priming, i.e. the tendency to reuse syntactic constructions. On the basis of data from the ICE-GB corpus, I analyze two different pairs of syntactic patterns, the so-called dative alternation and particle placement of transitive phrasal verbs. Although it has sometimes been argued that only experimental data can contribute to studies of priming, the analysis shows that (a) the corpus-based results for datives are very similar to the experimental ones; (b) priming is also obtained for the verb-particle construction, a construction hitherto not explored in the priming literature and (c), most importantly, in line with much previous psycholinguistic and corpus-linguistic work, priming effects turn out to be strongly verb-specific such that some verbs are much more resistant or responsive to priming than others. I conclude with a discussion of how corpus data relate to experimental data and how the corpus-based findings can contribute to psycholinguistic model building.This paper is dedicated to Günter Rohdenburg on the occasion of his 65th birthday I thank (in alphabetical order) Doris Schönefeld (Ruhr University of Bochum), Anja Steinlen (University of Southern Denmark) and Stefanie Wulff (University of Bremen) for comments on a previous draft of this paper. In addition, I have benefited a lot from discussion with Benedikt Szmrecsanyi (University of Freiburg) and from the very detailed and useful comments of one anonymous reviewer, which made it possible to improve the paper considerably. Naturally, all remaining inadequacies are my own.     

EFFECT OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID (RNA) EXTRACTED FROM THE BRAIN OF TRAINED ANIMALS ON LEARNING IN RATS

Rats receiving an intracisternal injection of RNA prepared from the brains of rats trained in two different training situations showed different performances in identical test situations.     

EFFECT OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID (RNA) EXTRACTED FROM THE BRAIN OF TRAINED ANIMALS ON LEARNING IN RATS

Rats receiving an intracisternal injection of RNA prepared from the brain of trained rats had a better performance during seven days in the same training set-up, than rats receiving RNA from untrained animals and rats receiving no injection.