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651.
Bard TR 《The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC》2008,62(3):193-194
652.
653.
Episodic memory impairments in individuals with schizophrenia have been well documented in the literature. However, despite
the abundance of findings, constituent cognitive, neural, behavioral, and genetic components of the deficits continue to elude
full characterization. This review provides a characterization of these deficits by organizing findings within three frameworks
of interest: 1) neuroanatomical; 2) genetic; and 3) behavioral. Within each approach, evidence from imaging studies as well
as behavioral studies is examined. The hope is that by synthesizing the cognitive science paradigms, molecular genetic neurophysiological
findings, and computational algorithms applied to medial temporal lobe subregions, we will be able to expand our understanding
of the types of compromises in episodic memory systems of individuals with schizophrenia. 相似文献
654.
Cortney Wolfe-Christensen Larry L. Mullins Terry A. Stinnett Melissa Y. Carpentier David A. Fedele 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2009,16(4):322-330
This study examined the use of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children—2nd Edition: Parent Report Scale (BASC-2; Reynolds
& Kamphaus, Behavior assessment system for children, 2004) in a pediatric cancer population. Comparisons of scale scores were
made between pediatric cancer participants and controls. Within group comparisons were also made between subtypes of pediatric
cancer. Parents of 111 children and adolescents who had experienced pediatric cancer completed the BASC-2 as part of larger
studies of parent-child adjustment to cancer. Scores on the BASC-2 for cancer survivors were compared to a matched control
group. Results from MANOVA analyses revealed that children with cancer were categorized as evidencing more emotional and cognitive
complaints compared to the control children. Notably, no significant within group differences emerged on the subscales with
regard to cancer subtype. Although preliminary, these results suggest that the BASC-2 can identify the cognitive and emotional
differences between cancer survivors and controls. 相似文献
655.
Terry Murray 《Journal of Adult Development》2009,16(2):108-128
This article explores graduate students’ experiences of a self-knowledge development course that is framed by the Heroic Journey
model. Through a consideration of several theorists’ perspectives and through the voices of 13 study participants, this article
examines the nature of this self-study experience and its impact on participants’ lives. In light of feminist critiques of
the traditional Heroic Journey model, the author pays particular attention to the experiences of women in this course. The
author identifies three major findings: First, when the Heroic journey model is understood as a process and not just a theoretical
construct, it gains significant power as an inclusive tool for fostering self-knowledge development. Second, self-knowledge
development is not solely an individual endeavor. Self-knowledge is socially constructed through interaction with others.
Third, self-knowledge development has critical spiritual dimensions, and this deeper level of knowing can lead to significant,
long-lasting growth and change.
相似文献
Terry MurrayEmail: |
656.
The extensive research on date rape attitudes and experiences has left sexual consent itself largely unexamined. The objective
of this study was to develop a measure to assess women’s and men’s attitudes and behaviors regarding sexual consent. Using
both focus groups (N = 18) and a mail survey (N = 514) of undergraduate students at a Canadian university, two scales of sexual consent were developed: (1) a Sexual Consent
Attitudes Scale, and (2) a Sexual Consent Behaviors Scale. Preliminary psychometric evidence suggested good reliability and
validity. As hypothesized, women, more than men, preferred a more cautious approach to sexual consent by stressing the need
to obtain consent more explicitly. Multiple regression analyses supported a reciprocal relationship between sexual consent
attitudes and sexual consent behaviors. 相似文献
657.
Bashaw MJ Bloomsmith MA Maple TL Bercovitch FB 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》2007,121(1):46-53
Giraffe herds have been characterized as random associations of individuals, but recent evidence suggests giraffe have a more complex social structure. The authors formulated 3 hypotheses designed to evaluate whether a herd of captive giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) associated randomly or patterned their behavior and proximity in a manner indicative of social relationships. Affiliative interaction, proximity, and nearest neighbors for 6 captive female giraffe living in a large outdoor enclosure were analyzed, and all three measures were nonrandomly distributed, indicating female giraffe had social preferences. Furthermore, preferences were consistent across measures and time, suggesting that adult female giraffe maintain relationships. Mother-daughter pairs and pairs with large age differences between members interacted and associated most often. The social structure of this captive herd is influenced by social relationships between individual adult females, and the social behavior of individual females should be examined more closely in the wild. 相似文献
658.
We investigate a possible universal constraint on spatial meaning. It has been proposed that people attend preferentially to the endpoints of spatial motion events, and that languages may therefore make finer semantic distinctions at event endpoints than at event beginnings. We test this proposal. In Experiment 1, we show that people discriminate the endpoints of spatial motion events more readily than they do event beginnings-suggesting a non-linguistic attentional bias toward endpoints. In Experiment 2, speakers of Arabic, Chinese, and English each described a set of spatial events displayed in video clips. Although the spatial systems of these languages differ, speakers of all three languages made finer semantic distinctions at event endpoints, compared to event beginnings. These findings are consistent with the proposal that event endpoints are privileged over event beginnings, in both language and perception. 相似文献
659.
Elhai JD Butcher JJ Reeves AN Baugher SN Gray MJ Jacobs GA Fricker-Elhai AE North TC Arbisi P 《Journal of personality assessment》2007,88(3):328-337
In this article, we combine two analogue experiments in which we empirically examined three malingering methodological issues in individuals trained and instructed to simulate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI; Briere, 1995). In Experiment 1, we examined TSI scale effects of the following manipulations using a 2 x 2 design with 330 college students: (a) inclusion or exclusion of cautionary instructions regarding believability of participants' simulation and (b) different financial incentive levels. In Experiment 2, we examined comorbid psychiatric diagnostic training with 180 college students who were either trained to simulate PTSD and comorbid major depressive disorder or trained to simulate only PTSD. Caution main effects were significant for all but two TSI Clinical Scales, incentive main effects and interactions were only significant for one Clinical scale each, and the comorbidity manipulation did not yield any scale differences. We discuss malingering research design implications regarding the use of cautionary instructions, financial incentive levels, and comorbid training. 相似文献
660.
Morphological Rationalism and the Psychology of Moral Judgment 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
According to rationalism regarding the psychology of moral judgment, people’s moral judgments are generally the result of
a process of reasoning that relies on moral principles or rules. By contrast, intuitionist models of moral judgment hold that
people generally come to have moral judgments about particular cases on the basis of gut-level, emotion-driven intuition,
and do so without reliance on reasoning and hence without reliance on moral principles. In recent years the intuitionist model
has been forcefully defended by Jonathan Haidt. One important implication of Haidt’s model is that in giving reasons for their
moral judgments people tend to confabulate – the reasons they give in attempting to explain their moral judgments are not
really operative in producing those judgments. Moral reason-giving on Haidt’s view is generally a matter of post hoc confabulation.
Against Haidt, we argue for a version of rationalism that we call ‘morphological rationalism.’ We label our version ‘morphological’
because according to it, the information contained in moral principles is embodied in the standing structure of a typical
individual’s cognitive system, and this morphologically embodied information plays a causal role in the generation of particular
moral judgments. The manner in which the principles play this role is via ‘proceduralization’ – such principles operate automatically.
In contrast to Haidt’s intuitionism, then, our view does not imply that people’s moral reason-giving practices are matters
of confabulation. In defense of our view, we appeal to what we call the ‘nonjarring’ character of the phenomenology of making
moral judgments and of giving reasons for those judgments.
相似文献
Mark TimmonsEmail: |