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81.
The Nurse Practitioner movement has been an important element in upgrading health care for the elderly, principally by reducing costs and increasing availability. One central concern in this movement is the ability of Nurse Practitioners [NPs] to break out of the restricted and repressed role of nurse. The teaching of assertive behavior has been an accepted method of assisting NPs in this role change. This study evaluates the effects of assertiveness training using a measure of role assumption in addition to the typical self-report attitude measures. Three cohorts of NP students (N=59) were evaluated with a pre-post administration of attitude measures of assertiveness and a six-month follow-up to measure role assumption. Although the training did have a significant impact on the attitude measures, the impact on nontraditional role assumption was minimal. Policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
82.
Data from a large survey of federal employees is utilized to compare three broad competing perspectives that suggest effects on sexual harassment within organizations. Three different viewpoints stress power differentials, minority status, and diffuse master status characteristics. Results of the study indicate that intraorganizational theories emphasizing either power inequalities or work group compositional heterogeneities are unable to account for the reported sexual harassment without considering diffuse master status characteristics developed and maintained outside the organization.Dair Gillespie at the University of Utah was instrumental in obtaining the data for this study and commenting on the original analysis. Theda Skocpol at the University of Chicago provided support at the Center for the Study of Industrial Societies during the completion of this research. Comments of Joe Conaty, William Wilson, John Comaroff, and many others were supportive and helpful. Finally, we wish to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. 相似文献
83.
84.
We investigated developmental changes in sensitivity to biological motion by asking 6-year-olds, 9-year-olds, and adults (twenty-four in each group) to discriminate point-light biological motion displays depicting one of a variety of human movements from scrambled versions of the same displays. When tested without noise dots, participants at all ages performed near ceiling levels and no differences in accuracy were found among the three age groups. Age differences emerged in the second task, in which we used a staircase procedure to determine threshold values of the number of noise dots that could be tolerated in producing a percentage correct value corresponding to a d' value of 1.4. Sensitivity to biological motion improved linearly with age (p < 0.01), with 6-year-olds performing significantly more poorly than adults. This immature performance contrasts with adult-like accuracy by 4 years of age for sensitivity to global motion (Parrish et al, 2005 Vision Research 45 827-837). The comparison implies an immaturity at 6 years of age in the neural networks involved specifically in the processing of biological motion, networks that may include the superior temporal sulcus (STS). 相似文献
85.
Zehra F. Peynírcíğlu Alí Í. Tekcan Jennifer L. Wagner Terri L. Baxter Stephanie D. Shaffer 《Memory & cognition》1998,26(6):1131-1137
This is the first reported research that explores the feeling of knowing (FOK) for musical stimuli. Subjects attempted to recall melodies and titles of musical pieces, made FOK ratings when recall failed, and then had a recognition test. With instrumental music (Experiment 1), more titles were recalled when melodies were given as cues than vice versa. With songs whose lyrics were not presented (Experiment 2), however, more melodies were recalled than were titles. For nonrecalled items, although the overall levels of recognition did not differ, FOK ratings were higher for titles than for melodies in Experiment 1, and the opposite pattern occurred in Experiment 2. In both experiments, the FOK ratings predicted melody recognition more accurately than they did title recognition. 相似文献
86.
Richard A. Bouton Peggy E. Gallaher Paul Arthur Garlinghouse Terri Leal Leslie D. Rosenstein Robert K. Young 《Journal of applied social psychology》1989,19(11):885-901
During the fall of 1985, over 500 introductory psychology students participated in a survey which employed different questionnaires to measure Fear of AIDS, Knowledge of AIDS, Homophobia, and Behavior Change. Opinions about public policy regarding AIDS and homosexuals, and background information such as sex and religious preference were also obtained. The results indicated that males who knew the most about AIDS were less fearful of the disease than were males who knew the least. No such relationship was found for females. In addition, respondents reported that they have been changing their behavior in light of the AIDS epidemic. This included some behaviors which were related to AIDS and some which were not. Finally, political and religious conservatives were generally more homophobic and fearful of AIDS than were liberals. In addition, conservatives generally preferred protection of the public as an approach to controlling the AIDS epidemic while liberals generally preferred to educate the public. 相似文献
87.
Sharing <Emphasis Type="Italic">GJB2</Emphasis>/<Emphasis Type="Italic">GJB6</Emphasis> Genetic Test Information with Family Members 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Blase T Martinez A Grody WW Schimmenti L Palmer CG 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(3):313-324
Although GJB2/GJB6 genetic testing for non-syndromic hearing loss is available, there is no information regarding sharing of test results with family members. A qualitative study was conducted to elucidate if, how, and why parents of a child with hearing loss share GJB2/GJB6 test results with relatives. Parents whose child had testing (n = 7 positive, n = 4 negative, n = 1 inconclusive results) participated in a semi-structured interview and responses were analyzed using qualitative methods. All participants shared the test result with at least one relative, but selective non-disclosure also was observed. Reasons for, and reactions to, sharing were diverse and differed as a function of test result. In comparing the results from this study to published literature, similarities and differences were identified with regards to disclosure of genetic test results for hearing loss versus other conditions. Differences suggest that hearing loss may have unique attributes that influence responses to genetic test information. Further research is needed to replicate these findings. 相似文献
88.
Zehra F. Peynircioğlu Jennifer L. W. Thompson Terri B. Tanielian 《The Journal of general psychology》2013,140(2):145-156
Participants performed a free-throw shooting task and a grip-strength task before and after imagery, nonspecific arousal, or no instructions. Imagery improved performance in the free-throw shooting task, which is assumed to have more cognitive components than the grip-strength task. Imagery did not improve performance in the grip-strength task, which is assumed to have fewer cognitive components than the free-throw task. Nonspecific arousal, on the other hand, improved performance in the grip-strength task but not in the free-throw shooting task. Athletic experience, confidence levels, and gender were correlated with actual performance levels in both tasks, but not with improvement. Results are discussed within the transfer-appropriate processing framework. 相似文献
89.
Kil Hali Aitken Madison Henry Shanelle Hoxha Ortenc Rodak Terri Bennett Kathryn Andrade Brendan F. 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2021,24(2):267-293
Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review - Parents’ interpretations of the cause of their children’s behavior, i.e., parental attributions, are linked to parenting behavior and child... 相似文献
90.
Terri L. Barrera Darrell Zeno Amber L. Bush Catherine R. Barber Melinda A. Stanley 《Cognitive and behavioral practice》2012,19(2):346-358
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common in older adults and, although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an efficacious treatment for late-life GAD, effect sizes are only moderate and attrition rates are high. One way to increase treatment acceptability and enhance current cognitive behavioral treatments for GAD in older adults might be to incorporate religion/spirituality (R/S). The cases presented here illustrate the use of a 12-week modular CBT intervention for late-life anxiety, designed to allow incorporation of R/S elements in accordance with patient preferences. The three women treated using this protocol chose different levels and methods of R/S integration into therapy. All three women showed substantial improvement in worry symptoms, as well as a variety of secondary outcomes following treatment; these gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. These preliminary results suggest that the incorporation of R/S into CBT might be beneficial for older adults with GAD. Strengths, limitations, and future directions are discussed. 相似文献