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11.
The predictions of self-esteem and impression management theories of anticipatory belief change were examined as a function of whether or not subjects were reminded that their preexperimental attitudes has been assessed, the source of the expected persuasive communication (expert vs. peer), and whether or not explicit instructions were given regarding the experimenter's concern with opinion change. Anticipatory shifts changed as a function of an interaction of all three variables. In the Reminder conditions, subjects changed their attitudes toward a peer's position when the experimenter explicitly referred to opinion change. In the No Reminder conditions, subjects shifted toward an expert when the instructions were explicit and toward a peer when the instructions were implicit. The results were discussed as qualifying previous research in this area and as problematic for both self-esteem and impression management approaches to anticipatory shifts. 相似文献
12.
Deborah Proffitt Arnie Cann Lawrence G. Calhoun Richard G. Tedeschi 《Journal of religion and health》2007,46(2):219-231
This study investigated the psychological impact of personal traumatic events in a sample of 30 Judeo-Christian clergy. Use
of religion-based coping strategies following a difficult life event was expected to facilitate posttraumatic growth, and
posttraumatic growth was, in turn, expected to result in greater current well being. Both predictions were supported. In addition,
higher levels of rumination soon after the event were associated with greater posttraumatic growth. The results indicated
that clergy benefited from both positive and negative styles of religious coping, and that posttraumatic growth was not associated
with greater well being for this sample.
Deborah Proffitt, M.A., is in private practice in Charlotte, North Carolina. Arnie Cann, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Psychology
Department at the University of North Carolina Charlotte. A social psychologist, he is involved in research on posttraumatic
growth and interpersonal relationships. Lawrence G. Calhoun, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Psychology Department at the University
of North Carolina Charlotte. A clinical psychologist, he has studied posttraumatic growth and responses to crises. Richard
G. Tedeschi, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Psychology Department at the University of North Carolina Charlotte. A clinical
psychologist, he has studied posttraumatic growth and bereavement issues. 相似文献
13.
James T. Tedeschi Gerald G. Gaes Valerie Melburg 《The Journal of general psychology》2013,140(4):309-328
Two experiments evaluated the competing interpretations of cognitive dissonance and impression management theories regarding the pill and misattribution studies of attitude change in the forced compliance situation. Attitude change was eliminated when subjects were told about the tension side effects of taking a placebo, replicating the usual effect. Attitude change was also eliminated, however, when subjects took the pill following counterattitudinal behavior. In one condition of the second experiment, subjects were given instructions about tension side effects but were also told that the drug would not affect their moral judgment or behavior. These instructions eliminated attitude change in a standard pill condition. The typical finding of attitude change was manifested in the misattribution/no-excuse condition. The primary and secondary data from both studies provided more support for the impression management interpretation of the standard misattribution manipulations than for a theory of misattribution of dissonance-produced arousal. 相似文献
14.
The Comprehensive Soldier Fitness program, currently under development for the U.S. Army, will include a component designed to increase the possibilities for posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of combat. In this article, we briefly review studies that provide evidence for this phenomenon in combat veterans, and we suggest elements that such a program might include to facilitate posttraumatic growth. We urge the Army to conduct randomized controlled trials testing the efficacy of the program prior to its implementation. 相似文献
15.
James T Tedeschi Catherine A Riordan Gerald G Gaes Thomas Kane 《Journal of research in personality》1983,17(2):218-225
The effects of verbal accounts offered by a threatener on targets' subsequent attributions of the threatener's social motives was studied. Following a standardized interaction in a Prisoner's Dilemma game the subjects' opponent offered one of three accounts for using threats: cooperative intent, establishment of transrelational equity, or ignorance. In a fourth condition the confederate offered no account for his actions. Attributions were assessed by having subjects rate each of four responses representative of the social motives of cooperation, competition, apathy, and deceit in five different situations. It was found that the type of account had specific attributional effects. A cooperative account led to a correspondent inference of a cooperative disposition, a transrelational equity account was apparently perceived as illegitimate and led to an attribution of a deceitful motive, and an excuse of ignorance was linked with apathy. 相似文献
16.
Mitchell S. Nesler Herman Aguinis Brian M. Quigley Suk-Jae Lee James T. Tedeschi 《Journal of applied social psychology》1999,29(4):750-769
A measure of global power was developed based on French and Raven's (1959) definition of social power as the potential of an agent to influence a target. A sample of 346 graduate students responded to a questionnaire assessing their perceptions of the power of their supervising professors in paid assistantship duties. Power was measured using established scales of the French and Raven 5 power bases in addition to the newly developed global power measure. Results indicate that the global power scale (a) has strong internal consistency, (b) is significantly related to each of the 5 individual power bases, and (c) significantly accounts for additional variance in compliance beyond the measures of the 5 power bases, beyond the sum of the bases, and beyond a measure of resistance and control. 相似文献
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18.
Gerald G Gaes Barbara Quigley-Fernandez James T Tedeschi 《Journal of research in personality》1978,12(2):189-192
The assignment of subjects to conditions on the basis of social desirability scores could not have been done in the manner described by Cherry, Byrne, and Mitchell (Journal of Research in Personality, 1976, 10, 69–75). Even if subject assignment procedures were not challenged the data do not support the authors' conclusions. Additional statistical analyses were carried out to test the hypotheses of the original study. It is concluded that either the demand cue manipulation was not successful or else paper-and-pencil and bogus pipeline measurement procedures are equally reliable measurement devices for the attitude similarity effect. 相似文献
19.
Shu-Hong Zhu Gary J. Tedeschi Christopher M. Anderson John P. Pierce 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1996,75(2):93-102
Telephone counseling for smoking cessation has been gaining popularity as studies have demonstrated its efficacy. What comprises a successful program, however, has not yet been detailed in the literature. In this article, an innovative telephone counseling intervention for smoking cessation is described, with attention to the clinical issues of client assessment, motivation, self-efficacy, planning, coping, relapse-sensitive call scheduling, and self-image. Counselor training and supervision issues, ethical and legal considerations regarding this form of service delivery, and suggestions for future direction also are outlined. 相似文献
20.