残疾儿童心理健康对家长亲职压力的影响:有调节的中介效应

为探讨残疾儿童心理健康与家长亲职压力的关系,揭示亲社会行为在残疾儿童情绪行为问题与家长亲职压力之间的中介作用,以及问题影响程度的调节效应,本研究采用短式亲职压力量表、长处和困难问卷分别对199名残疾儿童及其家长进行问卷调查,结果发现：（1）残疾儿童情绪行为问题对家长的亲职压力有显著的正向预测作用;（2）亲社会行为在残疾儿童情绪行为问题与亲职压力之间起着部分中介的作用;（3）问题影响程度能够调节该中介效应,当问题影响程度越小时,中介效应越显著。可见,亲社会行为能够缓冲残疾儿童情绪行为问题对家长亲职压力的负向影响,并且问题影响程度越小,这种缓冲作用越明显。     

The Mediated Moderation Model of Interactivity

This paper argues for enhanced consideration of third variables in interactivity research and proposes a “mediated moderation” model to bring increased sophistication to bear on the study of information technology effects. Interactivity, a central phenomenon in new media research, is an elusive concept that has enduringly intrigued and confused scholars. Extant conceptualizations have produced incomplete causal models and have generally ignored the effect of third variables. We conceptualize interactivity as technological attributes of mediated environments that enable reciprocal communication or information exchange, which afford interaction between communication technology and users, or between users through technology. Specifying roles for mediator and moderator variables, this paper proposes a model that incorporates interactive attributes, user perceptions (mediators such as perceived interactivity), individual differences (moderators such as Internet self-efficacy), and media effects measures to systematically examine the definition, process, and consequences of interactivity on users. Lastly, statistical procedures for testing mediated moderation are described.     

索拉非尼治疗晚期肾癌的临床研究

探讨索拉非尼治疗晚期转移性肾癌的疗效和毒副反应.我院门诊收治的晚期肾癌患者共70例,服用索拉非尼,每个月进行1次疗效评价,每2个月进行一次影像学评价.70例患者中完全缓解(CR)0例、部分缓解(PR)2例、稳定(SD)40例、疾病进展(PD)1例,死亡27例.中位无进展生存期(PFS) 18(6～65)个月,中位总生存期(OS) 12个月.1年、2年、3年生存率分别为83.7％、40.9％、18.7％.有轻中度的不良反应,因此,索拉非尼对晚期肾癌有良好的治疗效果,并且药物副反应轻.     

Mapping the central structure core in social representation of pain

Previous evidence had revealed gender differences in perception of pain and its socialization. The present research studies gender differences by mapping the central structure core in social representation of pain. Eighty males and eighty females participated in a free evocation task for collecting cognitive elements of “pain.” By defining the elements as nodes and their co‐occurrences as lines, structural characteristics of social representation are analyzed by network analysis. Females have a central structure core in their network structure of social representation of pain. In contrast, males have no such core. These results suggest gender differences in socialization processes around the concept of pain and extend practical methods for studies of the central nucleus theory of social representation.     

Refining the two‐parameter testlet response model by introducing testlet discrimination parameters

For testlet response data, traditional item response theory (IRT) models are often not appropriate due to local dependence presented among items within a common testlet. Several testlet‐based IRT models have been developed to model examinees' responses. In this paper, a new two‐parameter normal ogive testlet response theory (2PNOTRT) model for dichotomous items is proposed by introducing testlet discrimination parameters. A Bayesian model parameter estimation approach via a data augmentation scheme is developed. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed 2PNOTRT model. The results indicated that the estimation of item parameters is satisfactory overall from the viewpoint of convergence. Finally, the proposed 2PNOTRT model is applied to a set of real testlet data.     

Measuring Situation Awareness in Virtual Environment-Based Training

We evaluated the efficacy of a computer-based situation awareness (SA) measurement system for training dismounted infantry SA in an urban terrain virtual reality (VR) simulation. Based on past research, we hypothesized that the SA measures would be sensitive to individual (squad leader) differences, and that the frequency of specific probes would reveal differences in critical SA requirements among scenarios. Three infantry squads performed multiple trials across two different scenarios. A confederate platoon leader posed probes to squad leaders during trials and experts made ratings afterward. Results revealed squad leaders had similar responses to probes, despite differences in combat experience. Analysis of probe frequency revealed different high priority SA elements and decisions for each scenario. The SA behavior and communication ratings revealed differences among squads, which trended with experience. Measures of SA were also consistent across the test scenario as a result of similar mission types and task difficulties. We discuss the implication of our findings for future research and theory within this area.     

时间洞察力对跨期选择偏好的预测

利用津巴多时间洞察力问卷,采用跨期选择经典范式,考察“现在享乐型”和“未来定向型”两类时间洞察力个体在跨期选择上的偏好,从人格特质角度来探究跨期选择的认知机制。结果发现：(1)现在享乐定向组的延迟折扣率显著高于未来定向组;(2)未来定向组在时间洞察力量表“未来维度”得分与延迟折扣率显著负相关。这说明时间洞察力对个体延迟折扣率具有预测作用,支持了跨期选择的时间感知基础模型。     

父母拒绝与留守儿童网络成瘾的关系:一个有调节的中介模型

采用问卷法对河南省44所中小学2171名留守儿童进行调查,考察了自我控制在父母拒绝和留守儿童网络成瘾间的中介作用,同时检验留守儿童领悟到的同伴支持对该中介路径的调节作用。结果表明：（1）在控制了年龄、性别和留守类型之后,父母拒绝对留守儿童的网络成瘾具有正向的预测作用;（2）父母拒绝不仅可以直接地预测留守儿童的网络成瘾,同时能够通过自我控制的中介作用间接预测网络成瘾;（3）同伴支持在父母拒绝对自我控制的影响中起调节作用,当同伴支持水平较高时,留守儿童的父母拒绝对自我控制的负向预测作用明显增强。     

内隐和外显道德评价的比较研究——来自眼动的证据

为探索内隐道德直觉和外显道德推理在道德评价中的差异及其内在机制,此研究将道德图片内容限定在伤害/关心维度,同时考虑道德效价以及情绪唤醒度,利用眼动追踪技术,考察内隐和外显道德任务中,道德直觉和道德推理的眼动轨迹及其加工过程差异。眼动结果发现,外显和内隐任务中个体均对低唤醒道德图片的首次注视时间更短,对低唤醒不道德图片总注视时间更长; 内隐任务和外显任务早期自动化加工阶段的平均凝视时间无显著差异; 内隐任务中,对不道德图片比对道德图片晚期平均凝视时间更长,瞳孔直径在中晚期时显著增加。此研究结果提示无论是道德直觉过程还是道德推理过程都是意识和无意识之间的相互作用,但是道德直觉过程的加工可能存在时间上的滞后性。