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231.
Education is highly valued in Confucian Heritage Culture (CHC) countries such as China, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan
and Korea but the expectations of parents, teachers and students themselves to excel academically can also be a source of
intense stress for many students. The Academic Expectations Stress Inventory (AESI), developed by Ang and Huan (Educ Psychol Meas 66: 522–539, 2006) to measure parent, teacher and self expectations as sources of academic stress in Asian adolescents, was administered to
176 Singaporean secondary and college students one month before their major examinations. Rasch analyses of the students’
responses to the AESI showed the nine items in the inventory formed a robust unidimensional scale of academic stress, with
two separate unidimensional subscales of Expectations of Parents and Teachers and Expectations of Self complementing the factor analysis conducted by Ang and Huan (Educ Psychol Meas 66: 522–539, 2006). The item thresholds showed the AESI measured the student trait range adequately, and affirmed the inventory as a brief
yet valid measure of academic stress for Asian students from a CHC background. The AESI is a valuable tool for teachers and
researchers, as it provides an understanding of the role of parents, teachers and self expectations as sources of academic
stress among students from a CHC background. 相似文献
232.
233.
Abdin E Koh KG Subramaniam M Guo ME Leo T Teo C Tan EE Chong SA 《Journal of personality disorders》2011,25(6):834-841
We examined the validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire--4+ (PDQ-4+) as a screening instrument for personality disorders among mentally ill prison inmates in Singapore. A total of 313 prison inmates completed the PDQ-4+ and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II). The subjects were 303 (96.8%) males and 10 (3.2%) females with a mean (SD) age of 40.7 (8.8) years. Kappa agreement between PDQ-4+ and SCID-II for the presence at least one personality disorder was moderate with high sensitivity and low specificity. For specific personality disorders and clusters, we found that the PDQ-4+ diagnosed more subjects as having each of the personality disorders than SCID-II with high negative predictive values. The area under the curve indicated moderate discriminatory capabilities. Our results suggest that the PDQ-4+ could be used as a potential screening instrument for personality disorders in prison inmates. 相似文献
234.
235.
罗尔斯的契约论强调公民是正常而充分合作的社会成员,而且它还假定他们的种种天赋才能处于正常范围。在可行能力思路看来,由于这样一种契约主义的方法论,那些具有严重能力缺陷的人不能从正义原则中公平受益,他们甚至被排除在正义原则的选择过程之外了,因此这种理论没能真正保障每一个人基于正义的不可侵犯性。但在罗尔斯的契约论中,作为正常合作成员之基础的两种道德能力应当被理解为是每一个公民所拥有的,而正常能力的假定意在排除能力差异在原则选择过程中的影响,因而它反而是包容性的。在组织有序的社会中,有能力缺陷的人的一些特殊需要确实没有被当作一个基本正义问题来对待,但这一点乃是平等的政治自主性的代价。 相似文献
236.
With a new metric called phonological Levenshtein distance (PLD20), the present study explores the effects of phonological similarity and word frequency on spoken word recognition, using polysyllabic words that have neither phonological nor orthographic neighbors, as defined by neighborhood density (the N-metric). Inhibitory effects of PLD20 were observed for these lexical hermits: Close-PLD20 words were recognized more slowly than distant PLD20 words, indicating lexical competition. Importantly, these inhibitory effects were found only for low- (not high-) frequency words, in line with previous findings that phonetically related primes inhibit recognition of low-frequency words. These results indicate that the properties of PLD20--a continuous measure of word-form similarity--make it a promising new metric for quantifying phonological distinctiveness in spoken word recognition research. 相似文献
237.
Sor-hoon Tan 《Sophia》2012,51(2):155-175
Ritual (li) is central to Confucian ethics and political philosophy. Robert Neville believes that Chinese Philosophy has an important role to play in our times by bringing ritual theory to the analysis of global moral and political issues. In a recent work, Neville maintains that ritual ??needs a contemporary metaphysical expression if its importance is to be seen.?? This paper examines Neville's claim through a detailed study of the ??ethics of ritual?? in one of the early Confucian texts, the Xunzi. This text has sometimes been read as offering a form of naturalism in its discussions of ??heaven (tian)?? as analogous to Western, even modern, concept of ??nature,?? while other interpreters insist that tian is a normative notion. Does this concept of tian offer a metaphysical ground for ethics of ritual advocated in the text? If so, what kind of metaphysics is it? Does Confucian ritual ethics need any metaphysical grounding? There is no specific metaphysical theory in the Xunzi and passages which could be referring to or implying metaphysical assumptions are open to hermeneutical debates. Even if metaphysical assumptions are necessary or beneficial to an ethics of ritual, the paper argues that the ??metaphysical flexibility?? of the text could work to its advantage in remaining relevant in contemporary context. The conclusion explores some possible directions for further exploring the metaphysics of ritual in a modern understanding of Xunzi. 相似文献
238.
Lay See Yeo Soo Yin Tan Maureen F. Neihart 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2012,90(2):243-248
Singapore, a tiny island nation, rose from 3rd‐ to 1st‐world status in just 3 decades. Unlike in most developed countries, counseling in Singapore has a short history with faith‐based beginnings and currently faces challenges to remain culturally relevant. The authors trace the development of Singapore's counseling services, provide an update regarding counseling practices in the school and community, and describe counseling and its relation to psychology in the educational setting. The authors conclude by examining professional issues and future directions. 相似文献
239.
采用组织价值观问卷对586名企业员工进行了调查,考察员工对组织价值观的期望与知觉之间的差异情况。结果表明:员工在组织价值观的九个维度上均存在极为显著的差异,员工期望的组织价值观高于实际知觉的组织价值观。本研究对企业的组织文化建设和人力资源管理具有借鉴价值。 相似文献
240.
Linn Van Dyne Soon Ang Kok Yee Ng Thomas Rockstuhl Mei Ling Tan Christine Koh 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2012,6(4):295-313
Cultural intelligence (CQ) – the capability to function effectively in intercultural settings – has gained increasing attention from researchers and practitioners due to its contemporary relevance to globalization, international management, and workforce diversification. Research‐to‐date demonstrates that CQ predicts a variety of important outcomes in intercultural contexts, such as cultural adaptation, expatriate performance, global leadership, intercultural negotiation, and multicultural team processes. Moving beyond past research that tends to focus on the four primary factors of CQ – metacognitive CQ, cognitive CQ, motivational CQ, and behavioral CQ, we introduce an expanded conceptualization of CQ that delineates sub‐dimensions for each of the four factors. We briefly review psychometric evidence supporting the proposed second order 11‐factor structure and convergent/discriminant validity of the sub‐dimensions. We propose that the next wave of CQ research should be guided by a deeper understanding of each of four factors of CQ. 相似文献