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981.
Gregory A. Aarons Danielle L. Fettes Luis E. Flores Jr. David H. Sommerfeld 《Behaviour research and therapy》2009,47(11):954-960
Understanding the implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in community service settings is critical for the successful translation of research to practice. However, we have limited research evidence about the impact of EBP implementation on the mental health and social service workforce. In a previous study we demonstrated reduced staff turnover where an EBP was implemented with fidelity monitoring in the form of supportive ongoing supervision and consultation. Other research has shown that staff burnout and emotional exhaustion in particular is associated with poor quality of care and increased staff turnover intentions and turnover. Current research, however, has focused less on the effects that EBP implementation may have on staff emotional exhaustion. The present study investigates the association of EBP implementation and fidelity monitoring with staff emotional exhaustion in a statewide EBP implementation study. The 21 case-management teams in this study were randomized in a 2 (EBP vs. services as usual [SAU]) by 2 (monitoring vs. no monitoring) design. The EBP in this study was SafeCare®, a home-based intervention that aims to reduce child neglect in at-risk families. SafeCare was developed from a behavior analysis approach and is based in cognitive behavioral principles. In keeping with our previous research, we hypothesized that providers implementing SafeCare with monitoring would have the lowest levels of emotional exhaustion and those receiving additional monitoring not in the context of EBP implementation would have higher emotional exhaustion relative to the other groups. Results supported our hypotheses in that we found lower emotional exhaustion for staff implementing the EBP but higher emotional exhaustion for staff receiving only fidelity monitoring and providing SAU. Together, these results suggest a potential staff and organizational benefit to EBP implementation and we discuss implications of the findings relative to EBPs and to fidelity monitoring. 相似文献
982.
Breaking the Fourth Wall and Sex Role Stereotypes: An Examination of the 2006–2007 Prime-Time Season
Characters break the fourth wall on television when they speak directly to the camera. Using a stratified random sample of one episode of every situation comedy, drama, and reality program airing on the five broadcast networks in the United States (N?=?113) during the 2006–2007 prime-time season, we found that, overall, male characters broke the fourth wall more frequently than females. However, when a program employed at least one woman in a powerful behind-the-scenes position, female characters broke the fourth wall more than males. Also, male characters breaking the fourth wall were more likely to make personal comments about themselves and others, whereas female characters talked about competitive strategy and competition. 相似文献
983.
Nathaniel G. Wade Everett L. Worthington Jr. Shawn Haake 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2009,87(2):143-151
Forgiveness interventions can help people forgive past offenses. However, few studies have compared forgiveness interventions with genuine alternative treatments. The authors compared forgiveness interventions with a therapeutic alternative treatment. Participants reduced unforgiveness and increased forgiveness regardless of treatment condition. Trait forgivingness was not related to change in forgiveness, whereas greater offender contrition was related to greater reductions in unforgiveness. The type of treatment may not be as important as factors common to the interventions. 相似文献
984.
Eric A. Storch Heather Lehmkuhl Steven L. Pence Jr. Gary R. Geffken Emily Ricketts Jill F. Storch Tanya K. Murphy 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(3):249-258
We examined parental experience of having a child with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in 62 parent–child dyads. Youth
with a primary diagnosis of OCD and their parent(s) were administered the CY-BOCS jointly by a trained clinician. Parents
completed several measures about their child’s OCD-related impairment and accommodation, emotional and behavioral functioning,
parental distress, caregiver stress, and parental experiences of having a child with OCD. Results indicated that parents of
children with OCD are considerably distressed about their child’s condition. As expected, negative parental experiences (e.g.,
anxiety about child’s condition, uncertainty about their future) were directly related to OCD symptom severity and impairment,
as well as child internalizing and externalizing problems, family accommodation of symptoms, and caregiver strain. The presence
of emotional resources was negatively related to most outcomes, although some of these relationships did not achieve statistical
significance. The presence of internalizing symptoms mediated the relationship between parental experiences and parental distress.
Given these findings, addressing parental experiences as part of a family based cognitive-behavioral treatment program for
pediatric OCD may help reduce parental distress and improve patient prognosis. 相似文献
985.
Leonard A. Doerfler Peter F. Toscano Jr. Daniel F. Connor 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(1):112-122
We examined the relationship of gender and different forms of abuse experience on internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms,
and IQ in a sample of 397 youngsters who were admitted to a residential treatment program. Three types of abuse experience
were examined in this study: sexual abuse only, physical abuse only, and both sexual and physical abuse. Results indicate that girls exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms
even though abuse experience was accounted for in the analyses. Moreover, youngsters who had experienced sexual abuse (but
not physical abuse) exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms than youngsters who had not been abused.
Implications for developing individualized interventions based on gender and abuse experience in residential treatment programs
is discussed. 相似文献
986.
The inherent confound between the organization of articulation and the acoustic-phonetic structure of the speech signal makes it exceptionally difficult to evaluate the competing claims of motor and acoustic-phonetic accounts of how listeners recognize coarticulated speech. Here we use Granger causation analyzes of high spatiotemporal resolution neural activation data derived from the integration of magnetic resonance imaging, magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography, to examine the role of lexical and articulatory mediation in listeners’ ability to use phonetic context to compensate for place assimilation. Listeners heard two-word phrases such as pen pad and then saw two pictures, from which they had to select the one that depicted the phrase. Assimilation, lexical competitor environment and the phonological validity of assimilation context were all manipulated. Behavioral data showed an effect of context on the interpretation of assimilated segments. Analysis of 40 Hz gamma phase locking patterns identified a large distributed neural network including 16 distinct regions of interest (ROIs) spanning portions of both hemispheres in the first 200 ms of post-assimilation context. Granger analyzes of individual conditions showed differing patterns of causal interaction between ROIs during this interval, with hypothesized lexical and articulatory structures and pathways driving phonetic activation in the posterior superior temporal gyrus in assimilation conditions, but not in phonetically unambiguous conditions. These results lend strong support for the motor theory of speech perception, and clarify the role of lexical mediation in the phonetic processing of assimilated speech. 相似文献
987.
Ludy T. Benjamin Jr. 《Journal of the history of the behavioral sciences》2009,45(4):400-402
988.
Jeremy W. Pettit John P. Kline Tulin Gencoz Faruk Gencoz Thomas E. Joiner Jr. 《Journal of research in personality》2001,35(4):521
Previous empirical work sought to establish relationships between psychological variables and physical health. Research investigating the associations between positive and negative affectivity and physical health have produced mixed results, often suggesting that negative affectivity generally is more strongly associated with health symptoms. We investigated the role of both positive and negative affectivity in predicting self-reported health symptoms. Positive affectivity emerged as a significant predictor of good health, while negative affectivity failed to predict changes in health symptoms. Results are discussed in terms of the benefits of positive emotions in promoting health and improving physical health via psychological interventions. 相似文献
989.
James R. Rodrigue William F. Kanasky Jr. Stephanie L. Marhefka Michael G. Perri Maher Baz 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2001,8(4):229-236
This study describes the quality of life and psychological characteristics of a large sample (N = 201) of adult patients evaluated for lung transplantation. In light of the interdisciplinary nature of pre-lung transplant evaluations, establishing norms for measures commonly used in the assessment of transplant candidates has been a priority for the University of Florida transplant programs. Forty-eight percent of the patients reported symptoms of mild to moderate depression. Although quality of life indices were associated with disease severity and exercise tolerance, psychosocial measures generally were not. These data contribute uniquely to the transplant literature and provide valuable normative information on the largest lung transplant cohort reported to date. 相似文献
990.