诺贝尔科学奖与日本人的追求

诺贝尔科学奖是世界上对科学工作者最崇高、重要的奖励。事实证明,颁发此奖极有利于促进科学事业的发展。日本由技术革新到科学革新的变革,进而在新世纪的几年里连续获得诺贝尔奖,也说明科学创新的重要。     

农业、生态与人类健康

农业生产与人类生存密切相关。随着机械化大生产、农药和转基因作物的大量应用,农业生产已经对生态环境产生了许多严重的不可逆转的破坏,进而对人类健康构成了极大影响。     

医患关系的本质:医生的专业视角及其伦理意蕴

力图从为西方医学领域已完善发展及广为接受的专业(Professional)视角对医患关系(Patient-professional Relationship,以下及正文中皆简称为PPR)的伦理意蕴做探讨.简要追溯了现代医护专业精神的起源,说明了道德责任之所以是专业这一概念的重要组成部分的原因,并且指出为病人最大利益着想是医护专业最根本的道德规范与责任,亦是医患关系不可缺少的伦理基石.     

以CIS导入为契机,促进医患关系的和谐

我国医惠关系之间的不和谐已成为社会关注的热点。医院可以借鉴企业的成功经验,导入CIS,进行医院形象策划,制定独特统一的理念、设计以理念为指导的行为系统和视觉系统,从理念（MI）,行为（BI）,视觉（VI）三个方面对医院形象进行塑造,改善医院的形象,达到与就医“顾客”沟通的目的,促进医患关系的和谐。     

中医学习西医:权宜之计还是成功之路——以北京医学院中医进修班为例

1952年中央卫生部在北京医学院（现北京大学医学部）创办了一个5年制的“中学西”培训班,以期提升中医的科学素养,培养中医现代化人才。通过追述“中学西”班的开办始末及该班学员在中医现代化中的作用,探讨了“中学西”的教育模式在中医现代化教育中的作用与意义,希望对于中西医结合途径以及中医教育模式的探索提供可借鉴的经验。     

从中外医学教育标准的差异看医学生的人文素质培养

通过中外医学教育标准在知识目标、技能目标、职业价值观上的若干差异的比较,探讨人文素质,包括医生职业价值观念、医学人文知识、“批判性思维”能力和交流技巧、沟通能力的培养等在国际医学教育标准的重要地位,并对改进我国医学教育的人文内涵提出建议。     

BNP和CRP在ACS患者的预后评估中的相关性分析研究

为了探讨血浆脑钠肽（BNP）和C反应蛋白（CRP）在急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者的预后评估中两者的水平与临床预后的关系,连续性入选120例ACS患者。测定症状发作平均（34.2±16.3）h的血浆BNP和CRP水平,随访患者住院期间,30d,3个月病死率及主要心脏不良事件（MACE）（心原性死亡,再次心肌梗死,再发心绞痛,继发心衰和再入院的复合终点）发生率。结果显示,当将CRP、BNP和年龄等其他冠心病危险因素放入同一模型预测ACS的预后时,血浆CRP水平失去了预测效能,而血浆BNP水平升高独立于各因素预测30d和3个月病死率及MACE发生率。因此,BNP和CRP能够很好地对ACS患者进行危险分层,预测近期病死率和MACE发生率。BNP可能是较CRP更好的预测ACS患者近期临床预后的指标。     

Can intergroup behaviors be emitted out of self-determined reasons? Testing the role of group norms and behavioral congruence in the internalization of discrimination and parity behaviors

Bringing self-determination theory to understand why intergroup behaviors are emitted, two studies were conducted to investigate how group norms and individuals' congruence with these norms predicted self-determination to pursue two types of intergroup behaviors (parity and discrimination). Experiment 1 (N = 97) manipulated ingroup norms in favor of parity versus of discrimination and assessed the behavior participants displayed (congruent or incongruent with the norm) and their motivations for emitting this behavior. The manipulated norms significantly influenced group members' behaviors. When the ingroup norm was parity, participants whose behavior was congruent with this norm reported more self-determination to emit this behavior. When the ingroup norm was prodiscrimination, participants whose behavior was congruent with this norm were less self-determined. Experiment 2 (N = 139) replicated and extended these findings in a more conflictual intergroup setting. Results are discussed in light of motivational and intergroup theories.     

临床诊疗决策中的常见失误浅析

就常见的临床诊疗决策失误,从四个方面探讨失误的原因。首先是对患者的发病过程的相关情况掌握不全面、不准确:其次是对患者的化验与检查结果用于诊断与治疗不尽合理:第三是未处理好对患者的诊断与治疗之间的相互关系:第四是未处理好如何发挥各级各类专家的智慧、学识与经验,用于整个临床诊断与治疗的决策过程。总而言之,影响临床决策的环节多,且贯穿于整个临床过程,医师们应重视循证医学证据,始终都要把握好,不可稍有粗疏,否则将不利于提升医疗质量,难以确保医疗安全。     

A Psychometric Analysis of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale—Parent Version in a Clinical Sample

The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale—Parent Version (RCADS-P) is a 47-item parent-report questionnaire of youth anxiety and depression, with scales corresponding to the DSM-IV categories of Separation Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The RCADS-P is currently the only parent-report questionnaire that concurrently assesses youth symptomatology of individual anxiety disorders as well as depression in accordance with DSM-IV nosology. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the RCADS-P in a large (N = 490), clinic-referred sample of youths. The RCADS-P demonstrated favorable psychometric properties, including high internal consistency, convergent/divergent validity, as well as strong discriminant validity—evidencing an ability to discriminate between anxiety and depressive disorders, as well as between the targeted anxiety disorders. Support for the DSM-related six-factor RCADS-P structure was also evidenced. This structure demonstrated superior fit to a recently suggested alternative to the DSM-IV classification of anxiety and affective disorders—namely, the MDD/GAD “distress” factor.