Teachers’ support of student autonomy in physical education (PE) is believed to be important for students’ motivation and outcomes in PE. We tested the hypothesis that an intervention designed to help teachers to be more autonomy supportive in teaching their students to use learning strategies (relative to standard teaching) would increase students’ perceived autonomy support from the teachers, perceived competence, autonomous motivation, use of learning strategies and their exertion, participation, and grades in PE over a school year. We also tested a self-determination theory (SDT) process model. Experimental effects of the intervention yielded significant positive effects on changes in perceived autonomy support, learning strategies defined as absorption and effort regulation, as well as for performance (i.e., grades). In testing the SDT process model with SEM, most of the predicted paths were significantly supported. 相似文献
Previous studies have shown that the Big Five personality traits are significantly associated with perceived social support and these associations are positively associated with agreeableness, extraversion, and emotional stability. However, it is not yet clear whether these associations hold longitudinally or how these variables may predict each other over time. To investigate the co-development of personality traits and perceived social support, a cross-lagged path model design was used on a sample of adults (N = 1309) measured on two occasions 4 years apart. The results indicated that while emotional stability predicted perceived social support 4 years later, perceived social support also predicted emotional stability, extraversion, agreeableness, openness, and conscientiousness 4 years later. Our findings suggest that perceived social support may be a resource that has an impact on the development of personality traits known to be associated with social skills as well as the quality and frequency of social interactions in middle adulthood.
Sex Roles - In the present study we aimed to investigate the role of social support, particularly emotional support, on work-family conflict (WFC) and employment-related guilt among employed... 相似文献
Journal of Religion and Health - The phenomenon of corporate social responsibility “CSR” has stimulated lots of debates and disagreement among the business scholars. One of the most... 相似文献
A large body of work shows that reasoning motivated by partisan cues and prior attitudes leads to unreflective decisions and disparities in empirical beliefs across groups. Surprisingly little research, however, has tested the limits of motivated reasoning. We argue that the publicly circulated findings of deliberative minipublics can spark a more reflective motivation in voters when these bodies provide policy-relevant factual information. To test that proposition, we conducted a survey experiment using information generated by one such minipublic during an election. Results showed that exposure to the minipublic's findings improved the accuracy of voters' empirical beliefs regarding a ballot proposition on the regulation of genetically modified seeds. This treatment effect transcended voters' partisan identities and prior environmental attitudes. In some instances, the respondents showing the greatest knowledge gains were those who a directional motivated-reasoning account would have expected to resist the treatment most effectively, owing to party identity or prior attitudes. 相似文献
The development of research instruments that are sensitive and appropriate to the realities of diverse ethnic communities is imperative in the current multiethnic context. The goal of this article is to discuss certain challenges encountered during the elaboration of a research instrument culturally-adapted to the South Asian culture. The instrument was designed in the context of a project that examines factors that influence health behaviours of and the use of preventive health services by, South Asian immigrant women living in Montreal. The different steps in the elaboration of the instrument, and the main challenges encountered are discussed. Recommendations are provided at the end of the article. 相似文献
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between perceived exertion (RPE) and plasma glucose concentrations or hunger feelings during a 1-hr. bicycle submaximal exercise after ingestion of pre-exercise test foods with a different glycemic index. Each of endurance-trained male triathletes ingested three different glycemic index (GI) foods (HighGI: glucose, LowGI: whole-wheat biscuit or water) throughout the 3 hr. before exercise at 80% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max). RPE values increased as a logarithmic function of time. This result is opposite to results obtained with longer exercise bouts up to 3 hr. duration. RPE and hunger ratings were not significantly different for the three test foods whatever the time. Moreover, RPE did not correlate with plasma glucose concentrations during exercise. Consequently, RPE did not depend on the GI of the pre-exercise test foods during a 1-hr. exercise at 80% VO2 max. Physiological and psychological factors other than glycemic index may have mediated the perceptual responses during a 1-hr. high-intensity exercise. It is possible that during endurance exercise of longer duration, the level of blood glucose mediates the intensity of peripheral exertional perceptions arising from active skeletal muscle during prolonged exercise. 相似文献
It has been hypothesized tha the negative attitudes toward carnivores found among rural groups is only one element embedded in a larger sociopolitical complex of disputes over resource use and rural development. Negative attitudes may reflect a protest against increased control of land use by central political authorities. In a survey among sheep farmers, wildlife managers, and research biologists in Norway we found that the sheep farmers expressed an external locus of control, indicating a belief that external forces control events, relative to the two other groups. Among sheep farmers and research biologists a positive association was found between an external locus of control and negative attitudes toward large carnivores. 相似文献