Remembering the silver lining: reappraisal and positive bias in memory for emotion

Reappraisal and distraction, unlike suppression, are known to decrease the intensity of negative emotion in the short term. Little is known about long-term characteristics associated with emotion regulation strategies, however. In a longitudinal study, we examined the relation between the strategies people reported using to regulate emotions during a stressful situation and their later memory for their emotions. Students in Italy rated the intensity of positive and negative emotions they were experiencing as they prepared for their high school exit exam. They also rated the extent to which they were regulating emotion using reappraisal, distraction, and suppression. Six weeks later, students recalled their pre-exam emotions. The more students reported engaging in reappraisal before the exam, the more they overestimated positive emotion and underestimated negative emotion when recalling their experience. The association between reported reappraisal and memory bias was partially mediated by positive changes over time in students' appraisals of the exam preparation experience. Reports of engaging in distraction and suppression were not associated with memory bias. Because remembered emotion guides future choices, these findings suggest that reappraisal is a highly adaptive strategy for coping with stressful situations, not only in the short run, but also in the long run.     

Hispanic Infants with Cystic Fibrosis Show Low CFTR Mutation Detection Rates in the Illinois Newborn Screening Program

States develop specific protocols for cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening to reflect the population served. We hypothesized that mutation distribution and detection rates would differ between Hispanic and non-Hispanic CF patients diagnosed by IL newborn screen with more Hispanic infants carrying mutations not detected by the state panel. Data from CF cases diagnosed via newborn screen in IL between 3/1/2008 and 10/31/2010 were reviewed. More Hispanic infants with CF had one or more undefined mutations after screening, in comparison to non-Hispanic Caucasian patients (40% vs. 9.5%; p?相似文献   

Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment - With the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, the American Psychiatric Association...     

Environmental enrichment eliminates the anxiety phenotypes in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Although the impacts of environmental enrichment (EE) in several genetic models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been documented, the focus has remained predominantly on cognition. Few have investigated the expression of emotional phenotypes that mimic the notable affective features in AD. Here, we studied the interaction between EE and the coexpression of three genetic risk factors (mutations) for AD. In a longitudinal design, 3×Tg-AD mutants and wild type controls were compared at 6–7 months and subsequently at 12–13 months of age. Under standard housing, phenotypes of heightened anxiety levels were identified in the 3×Tg-AD mice in the elevated plus maze and open-field tests. Such trait differences between genotypes were substantially diminished under EE housing, which was attributable to the anxiolytic impact of EE on the mutant mice as much as the anxiogenic impact of EE on the wild type mice. In contrast, the phenotypes in learned fear were not significantly modified by EE in the tests of Pavlovian freezing and conditioned active avoidance conducted at either age. Rearing under EE thus has uncovered a novel distinction between innate and acquired expressions of fear response in the 3×Tg-AD mouse model that might be relevant to the mental health management of AD.     

The Wisdom of Sharing a Frame: Commentary on Papers by Anthony Bass and Ilana Laor

In this discussion I agree with Anthony Bass, who shows how the analytic frame has properties that involve both the process and the structure, and I suggest replacing the term structure with the term constraints. Bass considers analytic frames as contexts: Different frames organize different contexts of experience. He says that the frame is cocreated by patient and analyst and evolves over time. I think that Dafna's case presented by Ilana Laor is a good example of this aspect. I agree with Laor, who shows how the frame reflects the negotiation process between patient and analyst, emphasizing that this process itself is therapeutic. Following Bass I emphasize that a polarization between stability versus flexibility should be replaced by the dialectic between stability and flexibility. I conclude wondering how Bass's and Laor's “wisdom” regarding flexibility and elasticity can be passed over to younger psychoanalysts who are beginning their clinical work.