全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3601篇 |
免费 | 131篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 58篇 |
2018年 | 85篇 |
2017年 | 80篇 |
2016年 | 95篇 |
2015年 | 82篇 |
2014年 | 84篇 |
2013年 | 369篇 |
2012年 | 165篇 |
2011年 | 159篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 108篇 |
2008年 | 158篇 |
2007年 | 186篇 |
2006年 | 148篇 |
2005年 | 125篇 |
2004年 | 120篇 |
2003年 | 135篇 |
2002年 | 143篇 |
2001年 | 68篇 |
2000年 | 50篇 |
1999年 | 72篇 |
1998年 | 63篇 |
1997年 | 54篇 |
1996年 | 61篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 44篇 |
1992年 | 57篇 |
1991年 | 44篇 |
1990年 | 52篇 |
1989年 | 38篇 |
1988年 | 30篇 |
1987年 | 32篇 |
1986年 | 37篇 |
1985年 | 39篇 |
1984年 | 50篇 |
1983年 | 37篇 |
1982年 | 50篇 |
1981年 | 40篇 |
1980年 | 32篇 |
1979年 | 31篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 29篇 |
1976年 | 26篇 |
1975年 | 17篇 |
1974年 | 18篇 |
1973年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有3732条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
271.
272.
Jackie A. Nelson Marion O'Brien Susan D. Calkins Esther M. Leerkes Stuart Marcovitch A. Nayena Blankson 《Infant and child development》2012,21(3):267-286
Maternal expressive styles, based on a combination of positive and negative expressive patterns, were identified at two points in time and related to multiple aspects of preschool children's emotional development. Mother–child pairs from 260 families participated when the children were 3 years old, and 240 participated again at aged 4 years. Expressive styles were identified at age 3 using cluster analysis, replicated at age 4 and examined in relation to children's emotional understanding, expressiveness and regulation. Three expressive styles were identified: high positive/low negative, very low positive/average negative and average positive/very high negative. Cluster membership was stable in 63% of families from age 3 to 4 years; no systematic patterns of change were evident in the remaining families. Expressive style was related to aspects of children's emotional expression at 3 years and to emotion expression and regulation at 4 years. Children's expressiveness and regulation at age 3 were also related to changes in mothers' expressive styles over 1 year. Identifying mothers' expressive styles provides a unique way to understand the potential role of the emotional climates in which preschool‐aged children learn to express and regulate their own emotions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
273.
Ravizza SM Goudreau J Delgado MR Ruiz S 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2012,12(1):193-206
Disruption of the dorsal frontostriatal pathways in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with impairments in motivation,
as well as in executive function. The goal of this study was to investigate whether these impairments are related and, if
so, whether the disruption of frontostriatal pathways compromises the ability to process the motivational aspects of feedback
in such tasks. In Experiment 1, informative feedback improved the performance of young, healthy participants in a task-switching paradigm. This task-switching
paradigm was then used in Experiment 2 to test whether feedback would improve the performance of 17 PD patients and age-matched controls. The PD group benefitted
from feedback to the same degree as control participants; however, depression scores on the Beck Depression Inventory were
significantly related to feedback usage, especially when response selection demands were high. Regardless of feedback, PD
patients were more impaired when response demands were high than in an equally difficult condition with low action demands.
These results suggest that response selection is a core impairment of insufficient dopamine to the dorsal frontal striatal
pathways. 相似文献
274.
Craske MG Wolitzky-Taylor KB Mineka S Zinbarg R Waters AM Vrshek-Schallhorn S Epstein A Naliboff B Ornitz E 《Journal of abnormal psychology》2012,121(2):315-324
The current study evaluated the degree to which startle reflexes (SRs) in safe conditions versus danger conditions were predictive of the onset of anxiety disorders. Specificity of these effects to anxiety disorders was evaluated in comparison to unipolar depressive disorders and with consideration of level of neuroticism. A startle paradigm was administered at baseline to 132 nondisordered adolescents as part of a longitudinal study examining risk factors for emotional disorders. Participants underwent a repetition of eight safe-danger sequences and were told that delivery of an aversive stimulus leading to a muscle contraction of the arm would occur only in the late part of danger conditions. One aversive stimulus occurred midway in the safe-danger sequences. Participants were assessed for the onset of anxiety and unipolar depressive disorders annually over the next 3 to 4 years. Larger SR magnitude during safe conditions following delivery of the aversive stimulus predicted the subsequent first onset of anxiety disorders. Moreover, prediction of the onset of anxiety disorders remained significant above and beyond the effects of comorbid unipolar depression, neuroticism, and subjective ratings of intensity of the aversive stimulus. In sum, elevated responding to safe conditions following an aversive stimulus appears to be a specific, prospective risk factor for the first onset of anxiety disorders. 相似文献
275.
Talbot LS Stone S Gruber J Hairston IS Eidelman P Harvey AG 《Journal of abnormal psychology》2012,121(1):39-50
The present study investigates sleep, mood, and the proposed bidirectional relationship between the two in psychiatric disorders. Participants with interepisode bipolar disorder (n = 49), insomnia (n = 34), and no psychiatric history (n = 52) completed seven consecutive days of sleep diaries and mood measures. The interepisode bipolar and insomnia participants exhibited greater sleep disturbance than the healthy control individuals. Negative mood was equally heightened in both interepisode bipolar disorder and insomnia, and there were no differences between the three groups in positive mood. Total wake time was associated with next morning negative mood in bipolar disorder, whereas evening negative mood was associated with subsequent total wake time in both bipolar disorder and insomnia. Additionally, positive mood was associated with subsequent total wake time for the insomnia group. Results support the theory that disruptions in nighttime sleep and daytime mood may be mutually maintaining and suggest the potential importance of transdiagnostic or universal processes. 相似文献
276.
Roth DL Mwase I Holt CL Clark EM Lukwago SN Kreuter MW 《Journal of religion and health》2012,51(2):567-578
This study examined the factor structure of a brief measure of religious involvement developed previously in research with African American women. Telephone interview methods were used with a national sample of both African American women and men (N = 2,370). Confirmatory factor analyses supported the distinction between religious beliefs and religious behaviors factors and indicated that the factor loadings were equivalent for women and men. Women reported higher levels of religious involvement than men. These results support the validity of this relatively brief instrument for assessing these two dimensions of religious involvement for both African American women and men. 相似文献
277.
Rogers DL Skidmore ST Montgomery GT Reidhead MA Reidhead VA 《Journal of religion and health》2012,51(4):1188-1201
Data from 167 participants were used to establish the psychometric properties of the Reidhead spiritual integration scale, 31-item version (SI-31). Structural equation modeling was used to empirically evaluate influences on perceived health functioning, while accounting for possible confounds. The analyses showed that SI-31 predicted perceived mental and physical health while controlling for life satisfaction, religious variables, mood patterns, depression symptoms, and demographics. The importance of SI as a predictor of health-related outcomes is supported, as is the usefulness of the SI-31 in predicting these outcomes. 相似文献
278.
Ballew SH Hannum SM Gaines JM Marx KA Parrish JM 《Journal of religion and health》2012,51(4):1386-1396
Our research explores the correlates of spiritual experiences over a 2-year period in a sample of older adults (N = 164; mean age 81.9 years) living in a continuing care retirement community. Utilizing responses to the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, scores were analyzed for changes over time and for their hypothesized moderating effect in the relationship between chronic illness impact and markers of psychological well-being (as measured by the Geriatric Depression and Life Satisfaction scales). Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant decline (P < .01) in the reported spiritual experiences over a 2-year period of time, and t tests showed a significant difference by gender (P < .01) in years 1 and 2, with women reporting higher levels of spiritual experiences than men. Analyses found low spirituality scores associated with low life satisfaction in all years (baseline: r = ?.288, P < .01; year 1: r = ?.209, P < .05; year 2: r = ?.330, P < .001). Only weak associations were detected between low spirituality and the presence of depressive symptoms at baseline (r = .186, P < .05) and year 2 (r = .254, P < .01). Moderation effects of spirituality on the relationship between chronic illness impact and markers of psychological well-being were explored in all years, with a statistically significant effect found only for the presence of depressive symptoms in year 2. Higher impact of chronic illnesses is associated with more depressive symptoms under conditions of low spirituality. Future research may center upon longer-duration evaluation of reliance upon spiritual practices and their impact in care management models. 相似文献
279.
Behavioral self-handicapping is a strategy used to protect attributions about ability. People behaviorally self-handicap by creating an obstacle to their success so failure is attributed to the obstacle instead of to their ability. Although past research has observed behavioral self-handicapping exclusively in men, the current research revealed a moderator of behavioral self-handicapping in women: growth motivation, which reflects the desire to develop one's abilities and learn from failure. Participants (N = 100) completed a test purportedly predictive of successful careers and relationships, and some were given failure feedback about their performance. Participants could behaviorally self-handicap by choosing to complete another test in a performance-impairing environment. Although men self-handicapped more overall, women self-handicapped more after failure when they were low in growth motivation. These results highlight a novel moderator of behavioral self-handicapping in women. 相似文献
280.
The study describes the development of the Social Justice Scale (SJS). Practitioners, educators, students, and other members of the community differ on their attitudes and values regarding social justice. It is important to assess, not only individuals' attitudes and values around social values, but also other constructs that might be related to social justice behaviors. The implication of Ajzen in Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50:179-211, (1991) theory of planned behavior suggests that attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and social norms predict intentions, which then lead to behaviors. A scale was designed to measure social justice-related values, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and intentions based on a four-factor conception of Ajzen's theory. Confirmatory factor analysis and analyses for reliability and validity were used to test the properties of the scale. 相似文献