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761.
选自《Science and Religion:Are They Compatible?》,保罗·库尔兹(PaulKurtz)主编,2003年由普罗米修斯出版社(Prometheus Books)出版,导言第一部分。为使读者更易理解文章内容编译者自加了小标题。“上帝创造了独立的灵魂”这一神学教条,成了宗教反对堕胎、出生控制和人工受精等医学科学的基本理由科学与宗教是协调的吗?或者说,他们有必要冲突吗?他们的关系长期被争论着;而且,从科学与宗教两大阵营利益的历史来看,它们之间的冲突程度也一直发生着不同程度的变化。1.科学带来社会巨变,却被指称占了宗教的领地虽然,古代希腊与罗马培育了… 相似文献
762.
本文以《秤星灵台秘要经》《灵台经》《天老神光经》《北斗法治武威经》四部道经为例,对唐宋时期道教对中西方星宿学说的认知态度进行分析,发现唐宋道教不仅对中国传统星宿理论加以继承,而且保留有九曜、黄道十二宫等大量域外星宿学说遗痕。道教在融合中西方星宿思想的基础上,进一步拓展出富有自身特色的星神信仰方式与星占技法。 相似文献
763.
764.
The death of self‐construal research has been greatly exaggerated. Levine et al. (2003) highlight the alleged methodological limitations of the current body of the self‐construal model of culture. Their allegations, whether true or not, require a fair investigation. Careful examination of Levine et al. reveals pervasive logical flaws, methodological errors, and interpretation biases, which stem from ethnic stereotyping and other erroneous assumptions at various junctures. These fundamental errors, in turn, render their conclusions untenable. In testing their 1st set of hypotheses, which they proclaim to be “central to the validity” of self‐construal scales, Levine et al. bifurcate the participants into “Westerners” versus “Asians,” and then impose their a priori stereotype of how Westerners ought to be versus how Asians ought to be, which is scientifically unacceptable. This is an unscientific validation criterion (comparable to crude ethnic stereotypes such as “Asians are smarter”) and should not be used to judge the scales' validity. Next, in their discussion of priming, Levine et al. assert that the construct validity of the interdependent self‐construal requires that it must be susceptible to priming. This is an elementary logical fallacy. It simply does not follow from the definition of the interdependent self‐construal and therefore cannot be used as a criterion which reflects on construct validity. Their priming experiments are also deeply flawed by the unrepresentative sample of participants. Further, in their factor analyses, Levine et al. set up the “straw man” of a “universal a priori 2‐factor solution” although no self‐construal scholar or theory insists that there are precisely 2 universally applicable self‐construals or that the current self‐construal scales are perfect. The results of statistical analyses, such as those in Levine et al., crucially depend on the selection of presuppositions. Levine et al.'s presuppositions are untenable, yet they are passed off as self‐evident criteria for validity testing. Their article tries to create an illusion of finality, but is pervasively and fundamentally flawed. 相似文献
765.
The return to drug seeking, even after prolonged periods of abstinence, is a defining feature of cocaine addiction. The neural circuitry underlying relapse has been identified in neuropharmacological studies of experimental animals, typically rats, and supported in brain imaging studies of human addicts. Although the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), which has long been implicated in goal-directed behavior, plays a critical role in this circuit, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) appears to process the events that directly trigger relapse: exposure to acute stress, cues previously associated with the drug, and the drug itself. In this paper, we review animal models of relapse and what they have revealed about the mechanisms underlying the involvement of the NAcc and PFC in cocaine-seeking behavior. We also present electrophysiological data from PFC illustrating how the hedonic, motor, motivational, and reinforcing effects of cocaine can be analyzed at the neuronal level. Our preliminary findings suggest a role for PFC in processing information related to cocaine seeking but not the hedonic effects of the drug. Further use of this recording technology can help dissect the functions of PFC and other components of the neural circuitry underlying relapse. 相似文献
766.
《资本论》及其手稿的哲学地位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<资本论>及其手稿的哲学地位,长期以来被理论界低估了,这主要表现在以下几个方面:(1)人们长期以来把<资本论>看做经济学著作,而不是哲学著作,这必然妨碍了对<资本论>哲学意义的开掘;(2)改革开放以后开始了对<资本论>哲学意义的探讨,但大都停留在逻辑学和方法论层面,而没有深入到历史观层面;(3)对<资本论>手稿哲学意义和哲学地位探讨的论著更少. 相似文献
767.
768.
Zhang J Wieczorek WF Jiang C Zhou L Jia S Sun Y Jin S Conwell Y 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2002,32(4):370-379
As China opens its door to the world, suicide research is making rapid progress using methods and instruments developed in the West. This is a feasibility study of the psychological autopsy methodology applied in China, with its emphasis on the social and cultural environments. With samples of 66 completed suicides and 66 community normal living controls, the authors found that it is feasible to interview at least two informants for each suicide case and each control, between 2 and 6 months after the suicide. With the Chinese-cultivated contacting method of recruiting cases, the refusal rate is nearly zero. The Western-developed methodology per se proved to be valid in the Chinese culture. Ethical considerations in the context of Chinese culture are as important as in the West. Psychological autopsy technique is shown to be an equally applicable method for the study of completed suicides in Chinese culture as it is in the West. Future epidemiological research on Chinese suicide should use the psychological autopsy method to collect data from larger samples in order to increase our understanding of the risk factors for Chinese suicides. 相似文献
769.
Exploratory factor analysis is a popular statistical technique used in communication research. Although exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and principal components analysis (PCA) are different techniques, PCA is often employed incorrectly to reveal latent constructs (i.e., factors) of observed variables, which is the purpose of EFA. PCA is more appropriate for reducing measured variables into a smaller set of variables (i.e., components) by keeping as much variance as possible out of the total variance in the measured variables. Furthermore, the popular use of varimax rotation raises some concerns about the relationships among the factors that researchers claim to discover. This paper discusses the distinct purposes of PCA and EFA, using two data sets as examples to highlight the differences in results between these procedures, and also reviews the use of each technique in three major communication journals: Communication Monographs, Human Communication Research, and Communication Research. 相似文献
770.
Junhua Dang Shanshan Xiao Xiaoyan Sun N.Y. Louis Lee Lihua Mao 《European journal of social psychology》2015,45(3):336-341
People tend to judge others to be more similar to themselves than themselves are to others. This self–other similarity judgment asymmetry was often explained by a cognitive model. However, some findings were inconsistent with this model, implying that there might be complementary processes underlying such asymmetry. Although a motivational explanation has been proposed to account for the asymmetry, little evidence has been accumulated to verify this explanation and differentiate it from the cognitive model. The current research tested both the core assumption of the motivational explanation as well as a hypothesis derived only from it. Results suggest that the perception of oneself as being similar to others was more threatening to people's uniqueness than the perception of others as being similar to oneself. Individuals with high need for uniqueness exhibited greater asymmetry than did individuals with low need. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献