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排序方式: 共有1394条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
881.
疑病者与疑似病者,在基础心理特征方面存在较大差异,也有一定的共性,两者都构成诊断结果,会给当事人带来心理上焦虑、不安等情绪。疑病者的心理问题是内生性的,与精神倾向及人格有关,疑似病者的心理问题是外生性的,与机体症状有关。疑病者与疑似病者的角色在一定条件下可以相互转化,疑病者在长期不良心境下可变为疑似病者,具有高神经质人格的疑似病者易转变为疑病者。在心理干预过程中,应该注意到这两者不同的特点,采取不同的措施。 相似文献
882.
Yanjun Guan Hong Deng Jiaqing Sun Yanan Wang Zijun Cai Lihui Ye Ruchunyi Fu Yang Wang Shu Zhang Yuhui Li 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2013,83(3):561-570
Based on career construction theory, the current research examined the role of career adaptability in Chinese university graduates' job search process (N = 270). Results from a three-wave survey study showed that the four dimension of career adaptability (measured at wave 1) correlated positively with university graduates' job search self-efficacy (measured at wave 2) and their employment status (measured at wave 3). Among graduates who became employed, career adaptability dimensions also predicted positively their person–environment (P–E) fit perceptions (measured at wave 3). The results further showed that with the effects of demographics (gender, age, education level and major) and family background (family economical status and parental education) controlled for, when putting the four dimensions of career adaptability together, career concern and career control served as the strongest predictors for job search self-efficacy, which further mediated the positive effects of these two dimensions on employment status. In addition, career control also had indirect effect on P–E fit through the mediation of job search self-efficacy. Additional analyses using the global indicator of career adaptability also supported this mediation model such that career adaptability significantly predicted employment status and P–E fit, with these relations mediated by job search self-efficacy. These findings carry implications for research on career construction theory, as well as career education and career counseling practices. 相似文献
883.
This research is an initial step to bringing existing research on cultural differences in attribution and holism to the study of implicit theories of creativity. Two studies examined the tendency to consider creativity to be prototypically expressed internally via reflection and internal states versus expressed externally via interaction and products. Study 1 had Caucasian American, Asian American, and Japanese undergraduates list activities and traits they associated with creative groups and individuals. In Study 2, Japanese, Chinese, Caucasian Americans, and Asian Americans chose specific professions as more creative using a paired forced-choice method. In both studies, East Asians had a greater propensity to choose external traits, activities, and professions as creative, whereas Caucasian Americans and to a lesser degree, Asian Americans showed a preference for internal items. The implications of cross-cultural differences in implicit theories of creativity are discussed. 相似文献
884.
Irwin S. Rosenfarb Joseph Ventura Keith H. Nuechterlein Michael J. Goldstein Karen S. Snyder Sun Hwang 《Cognitive behaviour therapy》2013,42(1):3-8
This pilot study sought to follow up on indications that patients from households with high levels of expressed emotion (EE) differ from those from households with low levels of EE in ways not assessed in typical symptom rating profiles. We examined how patients appraised and coped with a prominent societal stressor. Soon after the start of the Gulf War, 22 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia living in Los Angeles appraised the stressor and completed a coping questionnaire. Results indicated that patients from high-EE homes were likely to use emotion-based confrontational methods to cope with the crisis, while patients from low-EE environments were likely to use avoidance and denial. Patients from high-EE homes thus coped with this non-familial, societal stressor in a way similar to the way in which they have been observed to cope with family conflict: they more readily expressed their anger and frustration than patients from low-EE homes. These pilot data suggest that increased attention should be directed toward those patient behaviours that may be associated with either an increase or decrease in negative affective behaviour from relatives. It may also be fruitful to consider more broadly the adaptive and maladaptive features of the preferred coping strategies of patients from high-EE and low-EE environments. 相似文献
885.
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887.
A. Timothy Church Marcia S. Katigbak Charles M. Ching Hengsheng Zhang Jiliang Shen Rina Mazuera Arias Brigida Carolina Rincon Hiroaki Morio Junko Tanaka-Matsumi Shino Takaoka Khairul A. Mastor Nurul A. Roslan Joselina Ibáñez-Reyes José de Jesús Vargas-Flores Kenneth D. Locke Jose Alberto S. Reyes Sun Wenmei Fernando A. Ortiz Juan M. Alvarez 《Journal of research in personality》2013,47(6):922-935
Within-individual variability in self-concepts and everyday personality states and affects was investigated in two experience sampling studies using density distribution and situation-behavior approaches. In all seven cultures sampled, within-individual variability was substantial and self-concept and personality state variability exhibited moderate convergence. Variability in personality and affect states was moderately predicted by perceived need satisfaction in the situations. The density distribution and situation-behavior approaches were moderately convergent in identifying the most variable individuals, but the pattern of cultural differences differed in the two methods. Contrary to cultural psychology perspectives, cultural differences in within-individual variability did not consistently correspond to cultural differences in individualism–collectivism, dialecticism, or tightness. 相似文献
888.
This paper aims to explore mechanistic and teleological explanations of consciousness. In terms of mechanistic explanations, it critiques various existing views, especially those embodied by existing computational cognitive models. In this regard, the paper argues in favor of the explanation based on the distinction between localist (symbolic) representation and distributed representation (as formulated in the connectionist literature), which reduces the phenomenological difference to a mechanistic difference. Furthermore, to establish a teleological explanation of consciousness, the paper discusses the issue of the functional role of consciousness on the basis of the aforementioned mechanistic explanation. A proposal based on synergistic interaction between the conscious and the unconscious is advanced that encompasses various existing views concerning the functional role of consciousness. This two-step deepening explanation has some empirical support, in the form of a cognitive model and various cognitive data that it captures. 相似文献
889.
汉语逆序词的加工─—词素在词加工中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
四个实验以汉语道序同为实验材料,采用语义启动范式,考察了词素在汉语双字词识别中的作用及其在时间进程上的变化。实验一发现,在SOA为157毫秒时,逆序词的呈现不但能促进与之有联想关系的目标词(语义启动)的词汇判断时间,而且也能促进其逆序形式的语义联想词(逆序启动)的词汇判断时间,两种启动效应之间没有差异。实验二和实验三则发现在SOA分别为314毫秒和57毫秒时,逆序词的呈现只对其联想词的词汇判断有显著的促进作用,而对其逆序形式的联想词的促进作用不显著。实验四在更为严格的实验条件下支持了实验三的结果。研究结论为:1)同素单元的激活在词的识别中起一定作用,但并不是词的识别的必经阶段;2)在时间进程上,词素单元的激活先是由弱到强,然后逐渐减弱,而整词单元的激活为稳定的上升过程;3)词素的位置信息的加工落后于词素单元本身的加工,发生在词汇加工的晚期。 相似文献
890.
D. P. Nicholls R. Vincent D. Cherns Y. Sun M. N. R. Ashfold 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(6):417-421
The crystal polarity of wurtzite zinc oxide nanorods grown hydrothermally parallel to the c?=?[0001] direction has been determined by convergent-beam electron diffraction using a defocused probe. The method enables a simple comparison of the diffracted intensities in ±0002 reflections across side-on nanorods, demonstrating growth in this case is in the c?=?[0001] direction. The method is shown to be viable for nanorods down to about 11?nm in diameter. 相似文献