Influence of personality traits on parasocial relationship with sports celebrities: A hierarchical approach

Using the 3M Model of Motivation and Personality as a theoretical framework, this study develops a three‐level hierarchy of personality traits predictive of fans' parasocial relationship with sports celebrities. Specifically, the findings show that parasocial relationship with sports celebrities is determined positively by materialism (the elemental trait), negatively by self‐esteem (the compound trait) and positively by interest in sports spectatorship (the situational trait). Practical and academic implications are provided. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The influence of flankers on race categorization of faces

Context affects multiple cognitive and perceptual processes. In the present study, we asked how the context of a set of faces would affect the perception of a target face??s race in two distinct tasks. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants categorized target faces according to perceived racial category (Black or White). In Experiment 1, the target face was presented alone or with Black or White flanker faces. The orientation of flanker faces was also manipulated to investigate how face inversion effect would interact with the influences of flanker faces on the target face. The results showed that participants were more likely to categorize the target face as White when it was surrounded by inverted White faces (an assimilation effect). Experiment 2 further examined how different aspects of the visual context would affect the perception of the target face by manipulating flanker faces?? shape and pigmentation, as well as their orientation. The results showed that flanker faces?? shape and pigmentation affected the perception of the target face differently. While shape elicited a contrast effect, pigmentation appeared to be assimilative. These novel findings suggest that the perceived race of a face is modulated by the appearance of other faces and their distinct shape and pigmentation properties. However, the contrast and assimilation effects elicited by flanker faces?? shape and pigmentation may be specific to race categorization, since the same stimuli used in a delayed matching task (Experiment 3) revealed that flanker pigmentation induced a contrast effect on the perception of target pigmentation.     

论道教宇宙论中的两条发展线索--以杜光庭《道德真经广圣义》为例

本文以唐末五代“道门领袖”杜光庭的《道德真经广圣义》为例,来说明在道教宇宙论中始终存在着两条不同的线索:一是从神学上提出带有神喻启示特点的宇宙神创说,以彰显“道”的主宰性、神圣性与超越性;二是从哲学上建构了以“道气”为本的宇宙生成论,力图对宇宙世界以及人的生存作出一个根本性的解释,从而为人的修道实践提供依据。只有厘清这两条线索相互交涉的复杂关系,才能更好地把握道教宇宙论思想的基本特点。     

积极的应对研究

积极心理学是当前心理学的趋势,应激与应对研究中亦体现着这种特点。从应激源、应对方式与过程以及应对后果(复原力)三方面,综合探讨了当前应激与应对研究领域内的新变化,认为应激与应对研究正处于积极的应对研究潮流中,并展望了对未来应激与应对的研究发展。     

国外心理咨询师职业耗竭研究现状

职业耗竭是学术界关注的一个新热点,国外心理咨询师的职业耗竭问题也得到了比较系统的研究。通过回顾国外相关研究,从心理咨询师职业耗竭的发生率、影响因素、症状特点、职业易感性等几个方面进行总结,尝试提出干预意见,并对未来研究趋势进行展望。     

论杜光庭对道教斋醮科仪的发展与贡献

唐末五代时期著名的“道门领袖”杜光庭一生撰写并整理了十多种、近二百卷有关道教斋醮科仪著作,被后人誉为道教斋醮科仪的集大成者。本文认为,杜光庭在整理各种斋醮科仪的基础上,对“自然朝”的提倡、对道场戒律的重视、对谢恩醮的设立、对“斋”的意义的阐发、对斋官职司的具体规定、对表奏上章的文饰等,为推动道教斋醮科仪的发展做出了重要的贡献。     

唐代《八仙传》考

唐代江积所撰的《八仙传》亡佚已久,但通过研究《仙苑编珠》的记载,可以找到八仙中的六人:谢冲寂、侯道华、王可交、厉归真、马自然、冯徽妻薛氏(薛玄同)。他们都是大中以后升仙并且影响较大的人物。唐代人所说的“八仙”并不是固定的八个仙人,江积《八仙传》在后来也没有产生什么影响。但是了解江积《八仙传》的内容,有益于进一步研究古代八仙的演变状况。     

《科学与宗教：是可调和的吗？》导言（一）

选自《Science and Religion:Are They Compatible?》,保罗·库尔兹(PaulKurtz)主编,2003年由普罗米修斯出版社(Prometheus Books)出版,导言第一部分。为使读者更易理解文章内容编译者自加了小标题。“上帝创造了独立的灵魂”这一神学教条,成了宗教反对堕胎、出生控制和人工受精等医学科学的基本理由科学与宗教是协调的吗?或者说,他们有必要冲突吗?他们的关系长期被争论着;而且,从科学与宗教两大阵营利益的历史来看,它们之间的冲突程度也一直发生着不同程度的变化。1.科学带来社会巨变,却被指称占了宗教的领地虽然,古代希腊与罗马培育了…     

大学生迷信心理的形成及其影响因素

在全面总结近三十年来国内外相关研究成果的基础上,对大学生迷信心理的形成及其影响因素做了深入探讨。文章首先梳理了迷信的概念;其次从观察学习、归因和自我认同三个方面反思了大学生迷信心理形成的心理机制;并从性别、人格控制点、自尊和自我效能、认知风格和受暗示性、不确定性情境、压力情境等方面分析了大学生迷信心理的影响因素;最后指出了以往研究中存在的局限,并对未来的相关研究做出了展望     

基于因子分析的创业特质探索研究

采用因子分析方法,本研究对高科技企业创业特质进行了探索性研究。通过对90家高科技企业的分层次访谈和问卷调查,基于国外通用的创业特质维度,发现我国长三角地区的高科技企业创业特质与国外的特质纬度相比有所侧重和区别。因子分析结果表明高科技企业创业特质主要集中在创新性、自主性、稳健性和合作性四个特质纬度。本研究的结果对于高科技企业中高层管理人员的选拔和任用有着重要的意义。