Retinal masking during pursuit eye movements: implications for spatiotopic visual persistence

White (1976) reported that presentation of a masking stimulus during a pursuit eye movement interfered with the perception of a target stimulus that shared the same spatial, rather than retinal, coordinates as the mask. This finding has been interpreted as evidence for the existence of spatiotopic visual persistence. We doubted White's results because they implied a high degree of position constancy during pursuit eye movements, contrary to previous research, and because White did not monitor subjects' eye position during pursuit; if White's subjects did not make continuous pursuit eye movements, it might appear that masking was spatial when in fact it was retinal. We attempted to replicate White's results and found that when eye position was monitored to ensure that subjects made continuous pursuit movements, masking was retinal rather than spatial. Subjects' phenomenal impressions also indicated that retinal, rather than spatial, factors underlay performance in this task. The implications of these and other results regarding the existence of spatiotopic visual persistence are discussed.     

气功入静过程中自发脑电波功率谱及相干函数的分析

用脑电技术和功率谱与相干函数的计算机分析方法,对78名受试者,分别进行了气功入静、一般休息和普通睡眠时的不同脑电变化规律的研究。结果表明入静过程能够使额区脑电能量在δ频段下降,在α频段上升,并在特定频率附近额枕脑电相干值增大。由此提出了入静深度指数概念,并证明了:(1)与一般休息相比,入静深度指数在练功时增大,在睡眠时下降,表示入静过程有自己的特殊规律。(2)内养功、强壮功、虚明功的入静深度指数无明显差异,说明不同练功方法均能达到入静的效果。     

针刺对两点辨别觉的作用

本研究报告证实了针刺能够显著地提高两点阈限。本文探讨了针刺对两点阈限改变的时间关系和空间关系。分析了情绪状态、电针刺激强度、频率对针刺提高两点阈限的影响。还分析了针刺对痛阈的提高与对两点阈限的提高的关系。     

彩色片常见物体记忆色及宽容度的研究

前言 在室外的景物中,最常见的颜色是人类肤色、树叶、绿草、蓝天和土这几种颜色,人们对这些常见色的评价往往是依据他们的记忆或印象去衡量的。当被还原的颜色与人们记忆中的相匹配时,人们才感到满意,因此,所谓记忆色也往往就是优选色或喜爱色。伊斯     

中国道教首次在马来西亚举行传授全真初真戒法会

应马来西亚砂捞越州美里市莲花山三清观的邀请,中国道教协会组织传戒团,于2005年5月24日至6月3日在马来西亚协助美里莲花山三清观隆重举行了乙酉全真传戒(方便戒)大法会。为协助美里三清观举办全真派传戒大法会,中国道教协会派出以副会长黄信阳为团长,副会长唐诚青、刘怀元,秘书长袁炳栋以及传戒大师、高功、经师和道乐团等80余人的传戒、观礼团。来自中国、美国、韩国、文莱、新加坡、马来西亚等国家和中国香港、澳门、台湾地区的道学专家学者、艺术家、新闻工作者以及高道大德300余来宾参加了这次法会活动。国家宗教事务局外事司赵磊及有…     

中国华北地区城市与乡村基督教徒对死亡认识的比较研究

通过对城市和乡村基督教徒关于死亡和濒死态度的比较研究,探索城市和乡村基督教信徒对死亡和濒死态度的差异性及形成原因,为死亡教育和临终关怀服务的开展进行理论探索。本文认为城市教徒在对死亡和濒死的理解和态度方面比张庄地区教徒更现实、更世俗化,在思想与行为方面发生一定程度的异化。而乡村教徒对于基督教教义中关于死亡和濒死的论述认可程度较高,在思想和行为上更接近于基督教关于死亡和濒死的论述。     

The Effects of Truth–Lie Base Rate on Interactive Deception Detection Accuracy

Consistent with the Park and Levine's (PL) probability model of deception detection accuracy, previous research has shown that as the proportion of honest messages increases, there is a corresponding linear increase in correct truth–lie discrimination. Three experiments (N = 120, 205, and 243, respectively) varied the truth–lie base rate in an interactive deception detection task. Linear base‐rate effects were observed in all 3 experiments (average effect r#x02009;= .61) regardless of whether the judges were interactive participants or passive observers, previously acquainted or strangers, or previously exposed to truths or lies. The predictive power of the PL probability model appears robust and extends to interactive deception despite PL's logical incompatibility with interpersonal deception theory.     

Catching up with wonderful women: The women‐are‐wonderful effect is smaller in more gender egalitarian societies

Inequalities between men and women are common and well‐documented. Objective indexes show that men are better positioned than women in societal hierarchies—there is no single country in the world without a gender gap. In contrast, researchers have found that the women‐are‐wonderful effect—that women are evaluated more positively than men overall—is also common. Cross‐cultural studies on gender equality reveal that the more gender egalitarian the society is, the less prevalent explicit gender stereotypes are. Yet, because self‐reported gender stereotypes may differ from implicit attitudes towards each gender, we reanalysed data collected across 44 cultures, and (a) confirmed that societal gender egalitarianism reduces the women‐are‐wonderful effect when it is measured more implicitly (i.e. rating the personality of men and women presented in images) and (b) documented that the social perception of men benefits more from gender egalitarianism than that of women.     

初中生风险决策表现的认知建模分析:自尊及性别的影响

选取山东省某初中308名学生,采用爱荷华博弈任务,使用“效用-固着”模型对决策包含的动机、认知、反应心理过程进行认知建模分析,探究自尊水平和性别对初中生风险决策表现的影响。结果发现,初中生的风险决策表现不佳,对损失不敏感。在控制年级的影响后,分层回归分析表明:(1)自尊水平和性别对决策的动机过程的影响存在交互作用,男生无论自尊高低对收益都较为关注,女生中高自尊者更加关注收益。(2)决策成绩不存在显著的性别差异,但男生更多选择有着较高损失值的不利选项,而女生更多选择损失频率较低的有利选项。(3)自尊的影响主要体现在动机和认知过程,高自尊水平者在动机过程中更多表现出对损失的规避,在认知过程中更多地考虑维持之前的决策选择。