儿童的假想伙伴:理论与实证研究

假想伙伴是在儿童生活中普遍存在的现象,研究者发现拥有假想伙伴的儿童约占52%至65%左右。尽管早在上世纪初就存在相关研究,但是直到近二十年它才获得众多学者关注,成为一个新兴领域。本文总结介绍了假想伙伴的早期背景,以及在理论与实证研究中取得的多方面成果,并且对该领域未来研究的发展方向提出了展望。     

目标定向对创造性个性的影响

基于创造性研究的社会心理学取向,本研究试图探讨目标定向干预对创造性个性的影响。对73名高一学生施以TARGET模式3个月以引导掌握定向的形成;另73名高一学生作为控制组。协方差分析表明,实验组的创造性个性有明显改善;被试实验前的目标定向对实验效果具有一定的影响,实验前成绩接近定向的倾向较弱的被试其创造性个性的改善较为明显。总之,目标定向干预可导致创造性个性的改善。     

危重患者的院内转运

危重患者的转运分为院内转运及院间转运,院内转运由医院内的医务人员来完成。危重患者的转运存在风险有可能增加病死率与伤残率。本文对危重患者院内转运的转运前风险评估、转运前准备、转运中监护和生命支持、特殊情况转运和转运后交接方面做一综述,目的是降低危重患者的转运风险、安全转运。     

也论"以理杀人"——兼与邓曦泽商榷

广义的"以理杀人"指施事者根据某个正义的理由对应事者施加暴力.这类行为在今天的世界上仍然普遍发生着.以理杀人具有自明性、残酷性和欺骗性(或二重性)特征.它们的逻辑充要条件是:存在着杀人之理,杀人之理与被杀者不得存活之理同一,施事者掌握了这个理,并且人类应当讲理.通过一一质疑这些条件,我们就能从根本上防范以理杀人的发生,或者至少检测出错误的以理杀人.     

伦理学视阈下的绿色信贷

全球性的金融危机凸显绿色信贷的现实意义。绿色信贷是当代国际社会发展的潮流和趋势,是对不符合产业政策和环境要求的企业(项目)进行信贷控制,旨在强调银行贷款或资助之企业(项目)的环境责任和社会责任。绿色信贷的实施是实现环境内生型绿色经济的重要保证,是环境伦理和环境金融的有机结合,将加快推进我国环境保护的历史性转变,使环境保护逐步融入各项社会管理体系,是一份神圣的社会责任。     

Additional psychometric data for a Portuguese scale to assess history of depressive symptomatology with a community sample

The Depressive History Questionnaire is shown to have a single factor and acceptable internal consistency reliability in a sample of 205 community participants.     

Open or close the door to the outgroup? Diversity beliefs moderate the impact of group boundary permeability on attitudes toward the outgroup

The present research investigated the moderating role of diversity beliefs with the aim of reconciling inconsistent findings regarding the impact of group boundary permeability on attitudes toward outgroup. In Study 1, all variables were measured with self‐report scales completed by Chinese participants. In Study 2, diversity beliefs were manipulated by randomly assigning Chinese participants to a high or low diversity belief condition. In Study 3, we replicated the moderating model with American participants. Results of all three studies indicated that diversity beliefs moderated the relationship between group boundary permeability and attitudes toward outgroup. Individuals with high diversity beliefs held more positive attitudes toward the outgroup when the group boundary was permeable (vs. impermeable). Conversely, individuals with low diversity beliefs held more negative attitudes toward the outgroup when the group boundary was permeable (vs. impermeable). These findings suggest that when the inflow of the outgroup members is inevitable, attitudes toward the outgroup may be effectively improved by increasing diversity beliefs.     

儿童情绪表情识别的眼睛线索之发展研究

眼睛是人类识别和表达心理状态的重要脸部部位之一。本研究的目的在于考察较小的儿童能否把眼睛部位作为识别情绪表情的重要线索。共159名幼儿园和小学低年级的儿童,完成整个脸部．单独眼睛和单独嘴巴部位的情绪表情识别任务。结果发现较小的儿童通过眼睛线索识别情绪表情与通过脸部识别情绪表情的成绩同样好。最后从眼睛在心理状态识别中作用的角度进行了讨论。     

Leisure Satisfaction Mediates the Relationships between Leisure Settings,Subjective Well-Being,and Depression among Middle-Aged Adults in Urban China

This study examined the role played by leisure satisfaction in the relationship between leisure settings (built and natural), subjective well-being, and depression among midlife residents of urban China. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze this conceptual model, exploring data taken from a representative sample of 663 Chinese urban middle-aged citizens included in the 2014 Chinese Leisure Study. Additionally, leisure satisfaction was tested as a mediator between leisure in nature and subjective well-being. The results indicate that leisure satisfaction mediates the relationship between specific leisure settings (i.e., leisure in nature and outdoor recreation), subjective well-being, and depression. The results therefore contribute to the literature by providing evidence of the relationship between leisure settings, subjective well-being, and depression through identification of the positive effects of leisure on nature. Future health interventions should therefore highlight the advantages of urban green spaces.