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201.
Stuart Hannabuss 《Applied cognitive psychology》1987,1(3):220-221
202.
Privacy is psychologically important, vital for democracy, and in the era of ubiquitous and mobile surveillance technology, facing increasingly complex threats and challenges. Yet surveillance is often justified under a trope that one has ‘nothing to hide’. We conducted focus groups (N = 42) on topics of surveillance and privacy and using discursive analysis, identify the ideological assumptions and the positions that people adopt to make sense of their participation in a surveillance society. We find a premise that surveillance is increasingly inescapable, but this was only objected to when people reported feeling misrepresented, or where they had an inability to withhold aspects of their identities. The (in)visibility of the surveillance technology also complicated how surveillance is constructed. Those interested in engaging the public in debates about surveillance may be better served by highlighting the identity consequences of surveillance, rather than constructing surveillance as a generalised privacy threat. 相似文献
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A mathematical model previously developed for use in computer vision applications is presented as an empirical model for face
space. The term appearance space is used to distinguish this from previous models. Appearance space is a linear vector space
that is dimensionally optimal, enables us to model and describe any human facial appearance, and possesses characteristics
that are plausible for the representation of psychological face space. Randomly sampling from a multivariate distribution
for a location in appearance space produces entirely plausible faces, and manipulation of a small set of defining parameters
enables the automatic generation of photo-realistic caricatures. The appearance space model leads us to the new concept of
nonlinear caricatures, and we show that the accepted linear method for caricature is only a special case of a more general
paradigm. Nonlinear methods are also viable, and we present examples of photographic quality caricatures, using a number of
different transformation functions. Results of a simple experiment are presented that suggest that nonlinear transformations
can accurately capture key aspects of the caricature effect. Finally, we discuss the relationship between appearance space,
caricature, and facial distinctiveness. On the basis of our new theoretical framework, we suggest an experimental approach
that can yield new evidence for the plausibility of face space and its ability to explain processes of recognition. 相似文献
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The distinctiveness of the word-length effect 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hulme C Neath I Stuart G Shostak L Surprenant AM Brown GD 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2006,32(3):586-594
The authors report 2 experiments that compare the serial recall of pure lists of long words, pure lists of short words, and lists of long or short words containing just a single isolated word of a different length. In both experiments for pure lists, there was a substantial recall advantage for short words; the isolated words were recalled better than other words in the same list, and there was a reverse word-length effect: Isolated long words were recalled better than isolated short words. These results contradict models that seek to explain the word-length effect in terms of list-based accounts of rehearsal speed or in terms of item-based effects (such as difficulty of assembling items). 相似文献
208.
Selective attention enhances visual information processing, as measured by behavioral performance and neural activity. However,
little is known about its effects on subjective experience. Here, we investigated the effect of transient (exogenous) attention
on the appearance of visual motion, using a psychophysical procedure that directly measures appearance and controls for response
bias. Observers viewed pairs of moving dot patterns and reported the motion direction of the more coherent pattern. Directing
attention (via a peripheral precue) to a stimulus location increased its perceived coherence level and improved performance
on a direction discrimination task. In a control experiment, we ruled out response bias by lengthening the time interval between
the cue and the stimuli, so that the effect of transient attention could no longer be exerted. Our results are consistent
with those of neurophysiological studies showing that attention modulates motion processing and provide evidence of a subjective
perceptual correlate of attention, with a concomitant effect on performance. 相似文献
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