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941.
Kirsten Marie Raahauge 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2007,20(4):281-289
This article deals with houses and objects. Based on anthropological fieldwork on materiality in two well-off neighbourhoods
in Denmark, the starting point are localisations of global flows in the privacy of houses. Filters and control showed out
to be a major theme concerning the passages of things in and out of houses; these passages follow two rules: “something in
means something else out” and “what comes in must be activated”. Openness and transparency showed out to be important themes
concerning the house; there is a tendency towards large windows, few inner walls and large rooms, which are both poly-functional
and poly-social. Furthermore, the filtering mechanisms for objects and the openness of the house are related to virtual flows
from computers, telephones and televisions. Classical anthropological theories are used to understand this subject matter:
the concept of haul (the spirit of the thing), exchange and social relations at large.
相似文献
Kirsten Marie RaahaugeEmail: |
942.
The present study, based upon the national 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey of U.S. high school students, provides the most current and representative data on dating violence among adolescent females (N = 7,179). The dependent variable was physical dating violence. The independent variables included four dimensions: violence, suicide, substance use, and sexual risk behavior. Unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), were examined followed by multivariate logistic regression analyses, which included all significant independent variables from the bivariate analyses. Adjusted OR and 95% CI were computed to assess the significance of the relationships. In terms of prevalence, 10.3% of female adolescents reported experiencing physical dating violence. Black girls (OR = 1.47) and girls who reported sad/hopeless feelings (OR = 1.42) considered suicide (OR = 1.55), engaged in physical fighting (OR = 2.17), had recent sexual partners (OR = 2.10), or had unprotected sexual intercourse (OR = 1.70) were more likely to report physical dating violence. These findings suggest dating violence against adolescent females is widespread and associated with a host of other risk factors that deserve further attention through longitudinal research and intervention efforts. 相似文献
943.
This study examined adult resilience in the context of the adversity of unemployment. Seventy‐seven unemployed job seekers completed a self‐report survey containing the Resilience Scale (G. M. Wagnild & H. M. Young, 1993), Centre for Epidemiologic Studies–Depressed Mood Scale (L. S. Radloff, 1977), and the Assertive Job Hunting Survey (H. A. Becker, 1980). Product–term regression indicated that for those unemployed persons who had resilient qualities, less depression resulted even though they had been job searching for a long time (beta = ‐.359, p < .001). Length of time job searching was positively associated with depression (beta = .41, p < .01). When the outcome variable was job search assertiveness, only the main effect of resilience (beta = .492, p < .001) was significant, accounting for 25.8% of the variance. The inclusion of psychological interventions to foster resilience, along with standard job search training provided by job network services, is advocated. 相似文献
944.
In this study, the authors examined in-group stereotypes that are cross-dimensionally ambivalent-simultaneously (a) positive in cognition-related content dimensions and negative in affect-related content dimensions or (b) negative in cognition-related content dimensions and positive in affect-related content dimensions-to establish whether endorsement of such in-group stereotypes depends on whether this process occurs in an intragroup versus intergroup context. Drawing on social identity theory, the authors predicted that (a) endorsement of cross-dimension-ambivalent in-group stereotypes would be greater in an intragroup, relative to an intergroup, context and (b) this would hold for high but not low in-group identifiers. Confirming these hypotheses, results showed that endorsement of cross-dimension-ambivalent in-group stereotypes may vary as a function of their contribution to securing a positive social identity. 相似文献
945.
This research examined the relation between having a body piercing and having engaged in premarital sexual intercourse. Data were gathered from a convenience sample of 450 college students. 72% were women; 85% were ages 18 to 22 years (M=20.9, SD=4.5), 80% were Euro-American. Women with piercings reported substantively and significantly greater frequency of sexual activity than college students without piercings. There were no significant differences in sexual experience between men with piercings and those without. These findings differ from previous research comparing the sexual activity of college students with and without tattoos. 相似文献
946.
Donna R. Baptiste Marina Tolou-Shams Scott R. Miller Cami K. Mcbride Roberta L. Paikoff 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(2):261-274
We investigated determinants of parental monitoring and the association between parental monitoring and preadolescent sexual
risk situations among low-income, African American families living in urban public housing. Preadolescents and their parents
or caregivers who participated in a longitudinal study of familial and contextual influences on HIV/AIDS risk provided data
on parental monitoring and preadolescent sexual risk situations. Data were also collected on parent risk factors (psychological
distress, maternal age at first childbirth); preadolescent risk factors (responsiveness to parents, peer pressure) and contextual
factors (parenting help, household type, friendship, partner presence, and perception of religious guidance) that were hypothesized
to predict parental monitoring levels. Results showed that greater parental monitoring predicted less sexual risk situations.
Further, instrumental and emotional supports were both significant predictors of parental monitoring, but parent and preadolescent
risk factors were not strongly associated with parental monitoring. These results were similar for male and female preadolescent
youth. Our findings suggest that preventive interventions to reduce sexual risk situations for urban, African American youth
should consider parental monitoring. In addition, contextual factors such as strong parental friendship networks and instrumental
help may enable parents to provide closer monitoring of youth. 相似文献
947.
Dennis H. Reid Marsha B. Parsons Donna Towery L. Perry Lattimore Carolyn W. Green Leah Brackett 《Behavioral Interventions》2007,22(4):279-296
Despite considerable research on assessing preferences among people with severe disabilities, relatively little investigatory attention has been directed to preferences in supported work situations. We evaluated a protocol for identifying work preferences among adults with severe disabilities in supported jobs. The protocol involved obtaining opinions of support staff regarding most and least preferred tasks of a supported worker, conducting a multi‐task preference assessment and then if necessary, a paired‐task assessment for workers for whom the former assessment did not reveal work preferences. For the 12 participating workers, the multi‐task assessment revealed preferences for 7 of the workers and subsequently, the paired‐task assessment revealed preferences for 4 of the 5 remaining workers. The former assessment required 40% less time than the latter. Staff opinion required much less time to obtain, but accurately identified preferences (based on validation through systematic assessment) only somewhat consistently. Results are discussed regarding guidelines for efficiently identifying supported work preferences, and future research areas are noted for developing more definitive guidelines. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
948.
Although cognitive theories of anxiety suggest that anxious individuals are characterized by abnormal threat-relevant schemas, few empirical studies have estimated the nature of these cognitive structures using quantitative methods that lend themselves to inferential statistical analysis. In the present study, socially anxious (n = 55) and non-anxious (n = 62) participants completed 3 Q-Sort tasks to assess their knowledge of events that commonly occur in social or evaluative scenarios. Participants either sorted events according to how commonly they personally believe the events occur (i.e. "self" condition), or to how commonly they estimate that most people believe they occur (i.e. "other" condition). Participants' individual Q-Sorts were correlated with mean sorts obtained from a normative sample to obtain an estimate of schema abnormality, with lower correlations representing greater levels of abnormality. Relative to non-anxious participants, socially anxious participants' sorts were less strongly associated with sorts of the normative sample, particularly in the "self" condition, although secondary analyses suggest that some significant results might be explained, in part, by depression and experience with the scenarios. These results provide empirical support for the theoretical notion that threat-relevant self-schemas of anxious individuals are characterized by some degree of abnormality. 相似文献
949.
Ms Ioni Lewis Barry Watson Katherine Marie White 《Australian journal of psychology》2009,61(2):107-116
Despite experiments being increasingly conducted over the Internet, few studies have tested whether such experiments yield data equivalent to traditional methods' data. In the current study, data obtained via a traditional sampling method of undergraduate psychology students completing a paper‐and‐pencil survey (N = 107) were compared with data obtained from an Internet‐administered survey to a sample of self‐selected Internet‐users (N = 94). The data examined were from a previous study that had examined the persuasiveness of health‐related messages. To the extent that Internet data would be based on a sample at least as representative as data derived from a traditional student sample, it was expected that the two methodologies would yield equivalent data. Using formal tests of equivalence on persuasion outcomes, hypotheses of equivalence were generally supported. Additionally, the Internet sample was more diverse demographically than the student sample, identifying Internet samples as a valid alternative for future experimental research. 相似文献
950.