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121.
药物治疗的矛盾表现在药物的选择和联合、剂型和给药途径、剂量、给药方法和疗程上.而引起药物治疗矛盾的因素主要有病情因素(如病因、诱因、临床表现、并发症和伴发症等)、患者因素(如生理因素、特殊体质、社会人文因素及依从性等)、药物因素(如禁忌证和适应证、药效学、药代动力学、药物不良反应和药物相互作用等)和其他治疗措施(如手术、透析等)4个方面.我们可以通过调整治疗的重点、治疗的措施、治疗的目标或预期结果,以及调整治疗的方案入手解决矛盾,特别需要避免人为的制造、扩大或激化矛盾. 相似文献
122.
生与死同时存在,相伴相随,构成人生命的全过程.随着社会的发展进步,人们生活质量的提高,追求生命的价值,提高生存的质量逐步成为人们新的选择.人们在提倡“优生、优育、优活”的同时,也倡导“优死”.本文拟从医学及哲学的角度介绍晚期肿瘤患者应该如何正视生命,面对死亡,走好人生最后一程. 相似文献
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124.
D. F. M. Strauss 《Axiomathes》2010,20(1):19-52
An overview of the history of the concept of matter highlights the fact that alternative modes of explanation were successively
employed. With the discovery of irrational numbers the initial conviction of the Pythagorean School collapsed and was replaced
by an exploration of space as a principle of understanding. This legacy dominated the medieval period and had an after-effect
well into modernity—for both Descartes and Kant still characterized matter in spatial terms. However, even before Galileo
the mechanistic world view slowly entered the scene—the world as chaos, particles in motion. Elevating movement to become
the guiding principle in our understanding of matter dominated the main tendency of modern physics until the (end of the)
19th century. The discovery of irreversible processes (radio-activity for example) directed 20th century physics towards an
exploration of the meaning of energy-operation. It turned out that even within 20th century physics long-standing legacies
prevailed, because an account of the nature of matter continued to be torn apart by atomistic and holistic views—confronted
by the problem of constancy and change (radical transformability versus persistence). Concrete, material reality exceeds the
scope of any single mode of explanation—an insight that also serves a better understanding of the wave-particle duality. 相似文献
125.
D. F. M. Strauss 《Axiomathes》2010,20(1):53-80
An overview of the history of the concept of matter highlights the fact that alternative modes of explanation were successively employed. With the discovery of irrational numbers the initial conviction of the Pythagorean School collapsed and was replaced by an exploration of space as a principle of understanding. This legacy dominated the medieval period and had an after-effect well into modernity—for both Descartes and Kant still characterized matter in spatial terms. However, even before Galileo the mechanistic world view slowly entered the scene—the world as chaos, particles in motion. Elevating movement to become the guiding principle in our understanding of matter dominated the main tendency of modern physics until the (end of the) 19th century. The discovery of irreversible processes (radio-activity for example) directed 20th century physics towards an exploration of the meaning of energy-operation. It turned out that even within 20th century physics long-standing legacies prevailed, because an account of the nature of matter continued to be torn apart by atomistic and holistic views—confronted by the problem of constancy and change (radical transformability versus persistence). Concrete, material reality exceeds the scope of any single mode of explanation—an insight that also serves a better understanding of the wave-particle duality. 相似文献
126.
How are color preferences formed, and can they be changed by affective experiences with correspondingly colored objects? We examined these questions by testing whether affectively polarized experiences with images of colored objects would cause changes in color preferences. Such changes are implied by the ecological valence theory (EVT), which posits that color preferences are determined by people’s average affective responses to correspondingly colored objects (Palmer & Schloss, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 8877–8882, 2010). Seeing images of strongly liked (and disliked) red and green objects, therefore, should lead to increased (and decreased) preferences for correspondingly colored red and green color patches. Experiment 1 showed that this crossover interaction did occur, but only if participants were required to evaluate their preferences for the colored objects when they saw them. Experiment 2 showed that these overall changes decreased substantially over a 24-h delay, but the degree to which the effect lasted for individuals covaried with the magnitude of the effects immediately after object exposure. Experiment 3 demonstrated a similar, but weaker, effect of affectively biased changes in color preferences when participants did not see, but only imagined, the colored objects. The overall pattern of results indicated that color preferences are not fixed, but rather are shaped by affective experiences with colored objects. Possible explanations for the observed changes in color preferences were considered in terms of associative learning through evaluative conditioning and/or priming of prior knowledge in memory. 相似文献
127.
George A. Rekers Judith A. Sanders Cyd C. Strauss Wiley C. Rasbury Shasta Mead Morey 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2013,174(3):323-335
The sex typing or lack of it among 133 adolescent activities was investigated. Twenty-seven percent (32) of the activities on an Adolescent Activity Questionnaire showed very clear participation differences for male and female adolescents (11 to 18 years old). The initial two factors extracted in a principal components factor analysis were easily interpreted as feminine and masculine activities. Discriminant function analysis of 15 items from the first three factors yielded an 8-item function on the basis of which every sample member was correctly classified as male or female. Masculine activities included more sports-related activities and activities dealing with mechanics and building, whereas feminine activities were domestic in nature and included more sedentary activities (e.g., reading, writing in diaries). 相似文献
128.
Harold Persky Natalie Charney Dorothy Strauss William R. Miller Charles P. O'brien Harold I. Lief 《The American journal of family therapy》2013,41(1):38-49
Abstract This paper examines the extent of relationship between sexual adjustment and marital adjustment for 30 married couples followed for 3–6 months. Sexual adjustment was assessed by means of the LoPiccolo-Steger Sexual Interaction Inventory, and two other measures termed a Couple Interaction Scale (CI) and a Couple Compatibility Ratio (CCR). Marital adjustment was assessed by means of the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale (L-W MAS) and a clinically-devised instrument based on the extent of support between the marital partners. The two marital adjustment instruments agreed closely. A high degree of association was obtained between most of the sexual adjustment measures and the two marital adjustment measures; using the most reliable of these measures, it is estimated that sexual adjustment contributed between 40 % and 55 % of the variance in marital adjustment. This association was not due to a specific stage of. the human sexual response cycle of desire, excitement, orgasm and gratification. Intercorrelation of measures of each of these stages with the marital adjustment measures generally yielded significant relationships. 相似文献
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130.
吕健 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2009,30(14):58-61
自然辩证法揭示了自然界以及科学技术发展的一般规律,神经外科学也不例外.纵观现代神经外科学一百多年来的技术变革和发展历程,无不渗透着辩证思想的影响.作为科学的认识论和方法论.自然辩证法对神经外科技术发展和临床实践的指导意义值得我们重视,本文对矛盾规律、质量互变规律、否定之否定规律、内因与外因、偶然性与必然性等范畴或规律在神经外科技术变革过程中的体现和意叉进行了探讨. 相似文献