European Community psychology in theory,practice and praxis?—The European Network of Community Psychology (ENCP) fourth European congress of community psychology and business meeting,Barcelona, 2002—three contrasting views     

Jim Orford  Paul Duckett  Steve McKenna 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2003,13(3):258-265

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Yoshihisa Kashima  Paul Bain  Nick Haslam  Kim Peters  Simon Laham  Jennifer Whelan  Brock Bastian  Stephen Loughnan  Leah Kaufmann  Julian Fernando 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2009,12(4):227-246

People have a folk theory of social change (FTSC). A typical Western FTSC stipulates that as a society becomes more industrialized, it undergoes a natural course of social change, in which a communal society marked by communal relationships becomes a qualitatively different, agentic society where market‐based exchange relationships prevail. People use this folk theory to predict a society's future and estimate its past, to understand contemporary cross‐cultural differences, and to make decisions about social policies. Nonetheless, the FTSC is not particularly consistent with the existing cross‐cultural research on industrialization and cultural differences, and needs to be examined carefully.  相似文献   

    

Steve Garner 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2008,18(4):382-386

[Dissolving the Diaspora] provides a Canadian perspective on the problem of intergration viewed through the prism of a particular understanding of multiculturalism. In this article the three key themes; the conceptualisation of diversities, diaspora and dialogue, are identified, and these conceptes are engaged with critically. I argue that despite the many advantages of the multicultural paradigm, there are still a number of fault lines that require critical attention, among which are the relationship of culture to class, and the failure to fully incorporate racism in its vocabulary. I suggest, using the phrase ‘the grammar of social location’, that the language of multiculturalism still ties us to a relatively static model of culture and away from an analysis of the complexity of inequalities. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Steve Rubenzer Ph.D.  ABPP 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2011,29(1):116-137

Judgments of whether a person is intoxicated by alcohol are important in a number of civil and law enforcement settings. This paper reviews how well people are able to make such judgments, the evidence for individual signs of intoxication, several structured rating techniques, and the use of sobriety tests. It is concluded that observers relying on common-sense clues of intoxication have limited ability to assess the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels of strangers, particularly below .10%. This generalization holds across professions that might be expected to show greater accuracy. Structured assessment instruments based on observable signs have shown promise but are confounded by the wide variations between casual social drinkers and those that have obtained a high level of tolerance. Among sobriety tests, only NHTSA's Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs) have substantial, but seriously flawed, research support. Assessing the sobriety of strangers in the low to moderate BAC ranges without resort to chemical tests remains a daunting task. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Shane W. Kraus  Steve Martino  Marc N. Potenza  Crystal Park  Jeremy D. Merrel  Rani A. Hoff 《Military psychology》2013,25(2):143-156

Compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) is defined as difficulties in controlling inappropriate or excessive sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors that cause subjective distress or impairment in important areas of daily functioning. Using data from a baseline telephone interview, we examined the prevalence of CSB in a convenience sample of 820 postdeployed U.S. military male and female veterans and investigated correlates of CSB with sociodemographics and other mental health and sexual history characteristics. More men (13.8%) than women (4.3%) endorsed CSB-related symptoms. Given the limited sample size of women reporting CSB, correlational analyses were conducted only with men. After adjusting for significant sociodemographics, results indicated that gambling, suicidality, and sexually transmitted infections were significantly associated with male CSB. Current results suggest that CSB may be prevalent among U.S. military veterans post deployment and associated with significant negative health indices in men. CSB warrants attention regarding screening and intervention.  相似文献   

    

Steve Fuller 《Science as culture》2013,22(4):463-466

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Steve Fifield 《Science as culture》2013,22(1):127-133

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Steve Donaldson  Melanie McConnell 《Theology & Science》2013,11(3):354-370

Abstract

In this paper we make the case that simulation provides an important and relatively novel tool for confronting and possibly even surmounting various epistemological hurdles. To support the claim that simulation has particular merit for approaching certain theological and philosophical problems, we suggest a number of advantages, evaluate possible objections, and make the case in a specific domain by illustrating how an actual simulation system can be used to this end.  相似文献   

    

Steve Nolan 《文化与宗教》2013,14(3):311-327

Two diminutive, mass produced statues of Christ, Buddy Christ and Jesus Action Figure seem intended as postmodern anti-Christs to offend Christian sensibilities and mock the image of Christ. I suggest, however, that the statuettes have an excess of meaning that is remaindered as a residual respect for Christ as a spiritual guide, whose enduring political leadership subverts religious hypocrisy. An atheistic/Marxist defence of Christology provides my theoretical base to explore the statuettes, the cult of the Sacred Heart provides an historical example of subversive piety and an editor of the Gay Times' supplies an urgent challenge to reclaim the Christ of Faith as a spiritual and cultural inheritance from the religious right.  相似文献   

    

David M. Richman  Steve E. Lindauer 《Behavioral Interventions》2002,17(3):179-190

Functional analyses were used to assess the effects of environmental consequences on occurrences of repetitive vocal behavior that had been diagnosed as chronic vocal tics in two adolescent males with mental retardation. The functional analyses indicated that one participant's tics were sensitive to positive reinforcement in the form of caregiver attention, while the second participant's tics occurred independent of social consequences. The results are discussed in terms of using functional analysis methodology during assessment, diagnosis, and treatment selection for suspected tics. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献