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排序方式: 共有137条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Oscar Noel Ocho 《Sexuality & culture》2018,22(2):541-554
This study explored the perspectives of obstetricians and registered nurses/midwives on the presence of expectant fathers in the delivery room with a view to understanding the implications for the mother as well as the expectant father. A qualitative research design using a phenomenological approach to understand the nuances and challenges that affect the perceptions and attitudes of obstetricians and registered nurses/midwives on the research issue. Five focus group discussions and five key informant interviews were the data collection strategies. Data were coded openly then combined to form themes which were utilized as the framework for data analysis. Three major themes emerged in the findings which included potential benefits to the mother, potential benefits to the father and potential benefits to the relationship. Generally, obstetricians and registered nurses/midwives held positive views about their presence in the delivery suite. This was related to the perceived positive impact that he could have on the woman during the inter-natal and post-natal periods as well as the quality of the relationship. By extension, their presence could have positive long term benefits on the quality of the relationship. The presence of expectant fathers in the delivery room could have a positive impact on the delivery experience for mothers, fathers and the long term relationship. The findings could provide a framework for other studies including a prospective study on the long term implications for the presence of expectant fathers in the delivery room. 相似文献
32.
Oscar Vergara 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2018,39(5):361-374
Even though it is not a methodology on the level of principlism or casuistry, narrative bioethics nonetheless contributes to and guides decision-making in the field of biomedical ethics. However, unlike other methodologies, the narrative approach lacks a set of specific patterns and formal rules for doing so. This deficiency leaves this approach more vulnerable to the influence of historical factors; in fact, the vital history of a person is made up of thousands of scenes, which one must select and group under different norms. Yet the historicity of narrative does not destroy its normative value; rather, it gives rise to a confluence of stories that contradict one another on the basis of their practical consequences. This problem is less severe in traditional cultures, where some stories take precedence over others according to the normative value conferred through the supposed authority of their sources. But it manifests in an intense manner within current multicultural societies. It is imperative to find the thread that leads outside the labyrinth of subjectivity. This paper shows that the end of this thread lies, paradoxically, not in actions but in the subject-actors that perform them—specifically when such subjects are conceived as dramaturgical characters in narrative. 相似文献
33.
Itai Ivtzan Tarli Young Hoi Ching Lee Tim Lomas Daiva Daukantaitė Oscar N. E. Kjell 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2018,19(8):2205-2223
The Mindfulness Based Flourishing Program (MBFP) is an online 8-week intervention developed for enhancing wellbeing with the use of mindfulness practices, through targeting a range of positive variables. The efficacy of the MBFP has been demonstrated in a randomized controlled trial, and in order to further establish it as an intervention with widespread application, cross-cultural validation is warranted. The current study was conducted with the primary aim of testing the validity of the MBFP with a Hong Kong Chinese population, as well as verifying its positive effects. A randomized wait-list controlled design was adopted with 115 participants (92 females, mean age = 31.50). Intervention outcomes were compared between Hong Kong Chinese and British participants. Five positive variables were examined (self-compassion, meaning in life, positive and negative emotions, gratitude, and mindfulness), and measures were taken pre- and post-intervention. Significant gains in wellbeing measures were observed in both the Hong Kong Chinese and the British experimental groups. Levels of wellbeing post-intervention were also higher for the two experimental groups as compared to their control counterparts. The current study provides preliminary evidence for the MBFP’s cross-cultural validity, and strengthens previous claims for its efficacy as a new, accessible alternative for enhancing wellbeing. 相似文献
34.
Behavioral versus Behavioral and Pharmacological Treatment in ADHD Children Attending a Summer Treatment Program 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Pelham WE Gnagy EM Greiner AR Hoza B Hinshaw SP Swanson JM Simpson S Shapiro C Bukstein O Baron-Myak C McBurnett K 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2000,28(6):507-525
As part of the behavioral treatment in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (MTA), children participated in an intensive summer treatment program (STP). This study examined the differences between 57 children in the combined treatment (Comb) group, who were medicated, and 60 children in the behavioral treatment (Beh) group, who were unmedicated throughout the STP. Comb children were significantly better than Beh on 5 measures: rule following, good sportsmanship, peer negative nominations, and STP teacher posttreatment ratings of inattention/overactivity. Groups did not differ on any of the other 30 measures, and responded similarly to the STP over time. Comparisons to normative data revealed that Comb children were more likely to fall within the normative range on 6 measures. The differences between these results and the main MTA results, in which Comb was always superior to Beh, are discussed in terms of the relative intensity of combined treatments. The implications for future studies of pharmacological and behavioral treatment for ADHD are discussed. 相似文献
35.
Lisanby SH Morales O Payne N Kwon E Fitzsimons L Luber B Nobler MS Sackeim HA 《CNS spectrums》2003,8(7):529-536
New findings regarding the mechanisms of action of electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) have led to novel developments in treatment technique to further improve this highly effective treatment for major depression. These new approaches include novel placements, optimization of electrical stimulus parameters, and new methods for inducing more targeted seizures(eg, magnetic seizure therapy [MST]). MST is the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation to induce a seizure. Magnetic fields pass through tissue unimpeded, providing more control over the site and extent of stimulation than can be achieved with ECT. This enhanced control represents a means of focusing the treatment on target cortical structures thought to be essential to antidepressant response and reducing spread to medial temporal regions implicated in the cognitive side effects of ECT. MST is at an early stage of development. Preliminary results suggest that MST may have some advantages over ECT in terms of subjective side effects and acute cognitive functioning. Studies designed to address the antidepressant efficacy of MST are underway. As with all attempts to improve convulsive therapy technique, the clinical value of MST will need to be established through controlled clinical trials. This article reviews the experience to date with MST, and places this work in the broader context of other means of optimizing convulsive therapy in the treatment of depression. 相似文献
36.
In this report we describe and attempt to characterize the deterioration in semantic knowledge occurring in a victim of a progressive dementing disease. The subject was unable to match even highly familiar naming words with their actual or pictured referents; instead, she consistently overextended verbal labels to closely associated distractors. The alteration in scope of referential meanings suggested by this overextension effect was apparently related to a breakdown in the structure of underlying categories. On a nonverbal match-to-sample procedure, for example, dogs were treated as exemplars of the cat family. Evidence for the breakdown of semantic knowledge was not limited to picture labeling paradigms. Thus, we found that the subject was unable to utilize semantic context in the written disambiguation of spoken homophones but could, at the same time, use even minimal syntactic cues as the basis for proper lexical selection. This last result was consistent with other lines of evidence pointing to the relative preservation of syntactic operations, in marked contrast to the semantic loss. The importance of this dissociation of function in organic pathology is considered from a number of perspectives, including its relevance to models of language organization in the brain. 相似文献
37.
Women are bombarded with images of women's sexual submission and subservience to male partners. The authors argue that women internalize this submissive role, namely, they associate sex implicitly with submission. The authors propose that this association leads to submissive sexual behavior, thereby reducing sexual autonomy and arousal. Study 1 found that women implicitly associated sex with submission. Study 2 showed that women's implicit association of sex with submission predicted greater personal adoption of a submissive sexual role. Study 3 found that men did not implicitly associate sex with submission. Study 4 demonstrated that women's adoption of a submissive sexual role predicted lower reported arousal and greater reported difficulty becoming sexually aroused; sexual autonomy mediated these effects. 相似文献
38.
Dedication
Acknowledgments 2002 相似文献39.
David J. Kolko Barbara L. Baumann Oscar G. Bukstein Elissa J. Brown 《Journal of child and family studies》2007,16(6):745-759
We examined the affective correlates of aggression in children referred to a partial hospitalization program for the treatment
of behavior disorders who did not have a mood or anxiety disorder. Parent and teacher ratings of the children’s impulsivity,
internalizing symptoms, affective reactivity, and aggression were examined for their interrelationships and then entered into
regression analyses to predict the child’s level of aggression in the home, at school, and in the treatment program. Intercorrelations
among three affective reactivity factors were modest. Both internalizing symptoms and affective reactivity contributed to
aggression severity beyond impulsivity and demographics. Only child irritability predicted treatment program aggression. Because
of their potential role in understanding children’s behavioral disturbances, internalizing symptoms and negative emotionality
merit careful assessment and treatment in treatment programs serving hard-to-manage children with behavior disorders. 相似文献
40.
Glucocorticoid administration into the dorsal striatum [corrected] facilitates memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance training but not of the context or footshock components 下载免费PDF全文
Medina AC Charles JR Espinoza-González V Sánchez-Resendis O Prado-Alcalá RA Roozendaal B Quirarte GL 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2007,14(10):673-677
It is well established that glucocorticoid administration into a variety of brain regions facilitates memory consolidation of fear-conditioning tasks, including inhibitory avoidance. The present findings indicate that the natural glucocorticoid corticosterone administered into the dorsal striatum (i.e., caudate nucleus) of male Wistar rats produced dose- and time-dependent enhancement of inhibitory avoidance memory consolidation. However, as assessed with a modified inhibitory avoidance procedure that took place on two sequential days to separate context training from footshock training, corticosterone administration into the dorsal striatum did not enhance memory of either the contextual or aversively motivational aspects of the task. 相似文献