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51.
Studia Logica - We establish a duality between the category of involutive bisemilattices and the category of semilattice inverse systems of Stone spaces, using Stone duality from one side and the... 相似文献
52.
Stefano Carta 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2024,69(2):174-194
In his book Aion, Jung describes something like a quasi-Hegelian progressive historical realization of the Self in a perspective similar to Fernand Braudel’s longue durée history. This article deals with a similar perspective, as it tries to focus on what we may call a “cultural complex” yet within its unfolding in historical time and belonging not to just one specific cultural group, but to a large cultural basin, which we may indicate as the “West”. This complex marks the birth and development of modernity. The depth, pervasiveness and duration of this cultural complex permeates the lives and psychologies of all of those that are part of it. Therefore, every analytical project must take into account the underlying emotional, epistemic and social field within which this complex constellates. One of the main features of this (trans)cultural complex, strictly connected with the progressive fragmentation of the self and the transformation of the numinosum with its meaning-giving force, is paranoia. This article analyses the historical and cultural features that produce paranoia and fragmentation and determine paranoid symptoms and attitudes. 相似文献
53.
Simeoni S Biselli R D'Amelio R Rocca B Lattanzio S Mucci L Davì G Patacchioli FR 《Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2011,14(3):282-289
Few studies have assessed the effects of stress on in vivo platelet activation. In the present study, hypobaric hypoxia induced by rapid decompression during high-altitude simulated flight in a hypobaric chamber was used to evaluate the effects of environmental stress on salivary cortisol and urinary thromboxane metabolite (TXM) excretion, a noninvasive marker of in vivo platelet function. Twenty-one male aviators (mean ± SD age = 36 ± 7 years) experiencing hypoxia by removing their oxygen mask for 4-5 min during a simulated flight to 25,000 ft (7,620 m; pO(2) = 59.17 mmHg) and a matched control group of thirteen flying instructors wearing oxygen masks during the challenge, were studied. Hypobaric hypoxia induced a transient significant increase (P < 0.001) in the aviators' salivary cortisol concentration; the overall pattern of diurnal cortisol fluctuation was maintained in both groups. Urinary TXM showed a significant ~30% reduction (P < 0.01) after the chamber session in aviators exposed to hypobaric hypoxia, but not in controls. A significant inverse correlation was found between salivary cortisol and urinary TXM in aviators (r = - 0.64, P = 0.0015). Salivary cortisol was a significant predictor (P < 0.001) for urinary TXM concentrations in aviators. In conclusion, here we observed that an acute stress-induced salivary cortisol increase was associated with reduced urinary thromboxane biosynthesis, providing the first indirect evidence for an inhibitory effect of acute stress on in vivo platelet function. 相似文献
54.
Leonardo Becchetti Stefano Castriota Nazaria Solferino 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2011,12(1):115-138
Is there a correspondence between subjective and objective wellbeing indicators in development programs? We investigate this question by evaluating the impact of Fair Trade affiliation on the subjective wellbeing of a sample of Peruvian (treatment and control) producers from two different Fair Trade projects in two socioeconomic environments, one relatively poorer (Juliaca) and the other relatively more affluent (Chulucanas). We find a direct and an indirect effect. The direct effect acts positively via affiliation years in the poorer project and via trade diversification in both projects. The indirect effect acts through the reduction of poverty and relative income. Consistently with the concave income-happiness assumption, the variables generating the indirect effect have a much weaker impact for producers living in the relatively better-off socioeconomic environment, net of the lower FT economic impact in this area. 相似文献
55.
Chica AB Lasaponara S Chanes L Valero-Cabré A Doricchi F Lupiáñez J Bartolomeo P 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》2011,73(4):1065-1081
Attention has often been considered to be a gateway to consciousness (Posner, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91(16), 7398–7403, 1994). However, its relationship with conscious perception (CP) remains highly controversial. While theoretical models and experimental data support the role of attention in CP (Chica, Lasaponara, Lupiáñez, Doricchi, &; Bartolomeo, NeuroImage, 51, 1205–1212, 2010; Dehaene, Changeux, Naccache, Sackur, &; Sergent, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 204–211, 2006; Mack &; Rock, Inattentional blindness, 1998), recent studies have claimed that at least some forms of attention—endogenous or top-down spatial attention—are neither sufficient nor necessary for CP (Koch &; Tsuchiya, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11, 16–22, 2007). In the present experiments, we demonstrate the importance of exogenously triggered attention for the modulation of CP. Weak or null effects were instead observed when attention was triggered endogenously. Our data are discussed in the framework of recent neuropsychological models (Dehaene et al., Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 204–211, 2006), postulating that activity within reverberating frontoparietal networks, as colocalized with spatial--orienting systems, is the brain correlate of consciously processed information. 相似文献
56.
The recommendations of a recent workshop (Leiden, Netherlands, November 17–18, 1990) concerning the use of animals in research on aggression and predation are listed. Major considerations included the grade of organisation/level of development of the organism, the duration and intensity of the interaction, post-treatment factors, the number of animals and reuse of animals. It is hoped that the recommendations will help scientists working in these areas to consider the increasingly important ethical dimension. 相似文献
57.
Philosophical Studies - 相似文献
58.
Maryam Gholamrezaei Jack De Stefano Nancy L. Heath 《International journal of psychology》2017,52(4):316-326
The field of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is dominated by research conducted with Caucasian‐majority samples in Western countries such as United States, Canada, Australia and European countries. This article critically reviewed the empirical research on NSSI in non‐Western countries and among ethnic/racial minority individuals who live in the West to give voice to and understand the patterns of NSSI among individuals who do not fall within the dominant Caucasian majority. The study found both similarities and differences between Western and non‐Western data in terms of characteristics and functions of NSSI. Differences in gender patterns in regards to prevalence of NSSI and methods used as well as presence of a more relational functionality of NSSI rather than emotion regulation functionality were two points of divergence in the findings of these studies. In addition, the findings seem to indicate that the role of ethnicity/race is mediated by important factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. Existing gaps in the literature and suggestions for further research are discussed. 相似文献
59.
The System Usability Scale (SUS), developed by Brooke (Usability evaluation in industry, Taylor & Francis, London, pp 189–194,
1996), had a great success among usability practitioners since it is a quick and easy to use measure for collecting users’ usability
evaluation of a system. Recently, Lewis and Sauro (Proceedings of the human computer interaction international conference
(HCII 2009), San Diego CA, USA, 2009) have proposed a two-factor structure—Usability (8 items) and Learnability (2 items)—suggesting that practitioners might
take advantage of these new factors to extract additional information from SUS data. In order to verify the dimensionality
in the SUS’ two-component structure, we estimated the parameters and tested with a structural equation model the SUS structure
on a sample of 196 university users. Our data indicated that both the unidimensional model and the two-factor model with uncorrelated
factors proposed by Lewis and Sauro (Proceedings of the human computer interaction international conference (HCII 2009), San
Diego CA, USA, 2009) had a not satisfactory fit to the data. We thus released the hypothesis that Usability and Learnability are independent
components of SUS ratings and tested a less restrictive model with correlated factors. This model not only yielded a good
fit to the data, but it was also significantly more appropriate to represent the structure of SUS ratings.
相似文献
Simone BorsciEmail: Email: |
60.
The value of λ is one of the main issues debated in international usability studies. The debate is centred on the deficiencies
of the mathematical return on investment model (ROI model) of Nielsen and Landauer (1993). The ROI model is discussed in order
to identify the base of another model that, respecting Nielsen and Landauer’s one, tries to consider a large number of variables
for the estimation of the number of evaluators needed for an interface. Using the bootstrap model (Efron 1979), we can take into account: (a) the interface properties, as the properties at zero condition of evaluation and (b) the probability
that the population discovery behaviour is represented by all the possible discovery behaviours of a sample. Our alternative
model, named Bootstrap Discovery Behaviour (BDB), provides an alternative estimation of the number of experts and users needed
for a usability evaluation. Two experimental groups of users and experts are involved in the evaluation of a website (). Applying the BDB model to the problems identified by the two groups, we found that 13 experts and 20 users are needed to
identify 80% of usability problems, instead of 6 experts and 7 users required according to the estimation of the discovery
likelihood provided by the ROI model. The consequence of the difference between the results of those models is that in following
the BDB the costs of usability evaluation increase, although this is justified considering that the results obtained have
the best probability of representing the entire population of experts and users. 相似文献