Social cognitive predictors of well-being in African college students

Lent and Brown's (2006, 2008) social cognitive model of work well-being was tested in two samples of African college students, one from Angola (N = 241) and one from Mozambique (N = 425). Participants completed domain-specific measures of academic self-efficacy, environmental support, goal progress, and satisfaction, along with measures of global positive affect and life satisfaction. Path analyses indicated that the model fit the data well overall, both in the full sample and in separate sub-samples by country and gender. Contrary to expectations, however, self-efficacy predicted academic satisfaction only indirectly, via goal progress; and goal progress predicted life satisfaction only indirectly, via academic satisfaction. The predictors accounted for substantial portions of the variance in both academic domain satisfaction and life satisfaction. Implications for research and practice involving the social cognitive model are considered.     

Complex Moral Injury: Shattered Moral Assumptions

Journal of Religion and Health - An infographic model of moral injury (MI) is introduced in this conceptual paper that distinguishes the development of a worldview discrepancy-induced genus of MI,...     

Role of the Disease in the Psychological Impact of Pre-Symptomatic Testing for SCA2 and FAP ATTRV30M: Experience with the Disease, Kinship and Gender of the Transmitting Parent

To identify possible factors affecting the psychological impact of pre-symptomatic testing for spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) and familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP ATTRV30M), we studied (1) the effect of previous experience with the disease in the family, (2) kinship with the closest affected relative and (3) gender of affected parent, when adapting to test results; as well as (4) differences in the course of psychological wellbeing in 63 subjects ( 28 at-risk for FAP ATTRV30M, and 35 at risk for SCA2), who pursued predictive testing for these diseases, in Cuba and in Portugal. Our research shows that individuals with little or no experience with the disease in their family exhibited more anxiety; at-risk subjects for SCA2 or FAP ATTRV30M who had a first degree relative with the disease showed lower levels of anxiety and depression during pre-symptomatic testing. Also those with an affected mother had lower levels of depression, either immediately, or one year after receipt of test results. Adaptation to pre-symptomatic testing results differed for subjects at-risk for the two different conditions. Unlike the FAP ATTRV30M families, carriers for SCA2 reported pathological levels of depression immediately after-testing (3 weeks), although those levels had returned to normal levels at 6 months. Subjects at-risk for FAP ATTRV30M tended to have less anxiety than those tested for SCA2, at the one-year follow-up. Overall, depression levels improved over time, while anxiety remained more constant. A longer awareness of the disease in the family, closer kinship, and a transmitting mother all lessened the impact of pre-symptomatic testing, as expressed by the post-test levels of anxiety and depression.     

Prenatal Exposure of Mice to Tobacco Smoke and Ethanol: Preweaning Behavioral and Growth Effects

The Psychological Record - Pregnant Swiss-albino mice were treated with cigarette smoke by inhalation and/or ethanol orally from Days 6 through 17 of gestation. Smoke-, ethanol-, and non-treatment...     

Late adolescents' home-leaving strategies: predicting ego identity and college adjustment

A definition of leaving home, derived from previous theoretical and empirical conceptualizations, was used to predict late adolescents' ego identity and college adjustment. Four interrelated yet distinct variables, economic independence, separate residence, personal control, and emotional attachment to parents, were highly significant predictors of both ego identity and college adjustment. The results confirm earlier preliminary investigations and support a broader definition of leaving home than those typically discussed in the theoretical literature.     

Age-Related Hearing Loss: Implications for Counseling

As the U.S. population ages, counseling practitioners are working with increasing numbers of hearing-impaired older adults. Age-related hearing loss affects various dimensions of the counseling process, in which communication is of primary importance. More generally, hearing loss has consequences for the overall lifestyle of the client and for effective functioning in the workplace and in social and family contexts. This article examines adaptation strategies used by hearing-impaired listeners and the implications of age-related hearing loss for counseling, intervention, and self-management.     

Mixed models,random utilities,and the triangle inequality

A new probabilistic binary choice model, which we call the mixed model is proposed. This model is used to give an interpretation of probabilistic choice behavior in terms of complete and partial orders. The model is used as a guide to disprove Jacob Marschak's conjecture that the binary random utility model is equivalent to the triangle inequality. Another result is presented concerning the relation between moderate stochastic transitivity and the triangle inequality.