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51.
de Souza FA Sanchis-Segura C Fukada SY de Bortoli VC Zangrossi H de Oliveira AM 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2004,81(1):100-103
A wealth of evidence indicates that angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in learning and memory. However, the precise role of this peptide in these cognitive processes is still controversial, with data indicating either an inhibitory or an enhancing action. The present study was designed to further investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular injections of Ang II (0.5, 1 or 3nmol/5microl) on a step-through passive avoidance task in male adult Wistar rats. When administered pretraining, Ang II did not affect the acquisition of passive avoidance, but markedly improved avoidance performance when given before the retrieval test. The latter effect was observed in retest sessions performed up to 72h after training. Administration of the peptide five minutes after training impaired retention of inhibitory avoidance. Therefore, Ang II may exert opposite effects on passive avoidance memory according to its interference with brain mechanisms leading to the storage or retrieval of this aversively motivated task. 相似文献
52.
Robert R. Sinclair William D. Fleming Rachel Radwinsky David R. Clupper Jill H. Clupper 《Journal of applied social psychology》2002,32(2):424-442
This study proposed an individual-difference perspective on heart patients' customer-service satisfaction. We hypothesized that heart patients' satisfaction with service is positively related to wellness and that instrumental care, expressive care, and communication effectiveness are positively related to satisfaction and wellness. We also hypothesized that patients' values for services would moderate the relationship between service provision and outcomes. A survey of 217 heart patients provided support for these hypotheses. Of particular interest were findings that: (a) the service provision-service outcomes relationship was moderated by service values for some patient groups but not for others; and (b) the service provision-outcomes relationship differed across patient subgroups. We discuss the implications for patient satisfaction research and for planning individualized treatment strategies. 相似文献
53.
Carla Sofia Silva Maria Manuela Calheiros Helena Carvalho Eunice Magalhães 《Psychologie appliquee》2022,71(2):564-586
Drawing on an ecological approach with multiple informants, this study investigated the mediating role of youth–caregiver relationship quality in associations between different features of residential care settings' organizational social context and youth's psychopathology. Participants were 378 youth aged between 12 and 25 years old, and 54 caregivers aged between 24 and 57 years old, from 29 generalist residential youth care settings in Portugal. Given the hierarchical structure of data, analyses were performed using multilevel modeling. Results revealed that organizational social contexts characterized by higher levels of engagement, stress, and centralization, as perceived by the caregivers, were associated with lower levels of youth's externalizing problems (e.g., aggressive behavior and delinquency), reported by the caregivers, via better youth–caregiver relationship quality, perceived by the youth in care. These findings highlight the relevance of creating an organizational social context in residential care settings that supports caregivers in establishing high-quality relationships with the youth in care, thereby promoting their mental health. This study contributes to the clarification of conflicting findings in previous studies of this field, by offering further empirical investigation of these issues. 相似文献
54.
55.
C. Daniel Batson Christopher L. Kennedy Lesley-Anne Nord E. L. Stocks D'Yani A. Fleming Christian M. Marzette David A. Lishner Robin E. Hayes Leah M. Kolchinsky Tricia Zerger 《European journal of social psychology》2007,37(6):1272-1285
Anger at unfair treatment has been called moral outrage. However, moral outrage—anger at the violation of a moral standard—should be distinguished from personal anger at being harmed and empathic anger at seeing another for whom one cares harmed. Across a preliminary experiment and a main experiment, both designed to manipulate the appraisal conditions for these three forms of anger, we found evidence of personal anger and empathic anger, but little evidence of moral outrage. Participants perceived unfair treatment of another, even another for whom they had not been induced to feel empathy, to be as unfair as participants perceived unfair treatment of themselves. But the appraisal conditions that evoked anger were unfair treatment of self and unfair treatment of a cared-for other, not unfairness per se. In the absence of empathic concern, unfair treatment of another evoked little anger. Possible implications for understanding moral emotion and moral motivation are suggested. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
56.
Manuela Consonni 《Jewish History》2010,24(2):105-126
The essay discusses the passage from an ideological, patriotic and anti-fascist memory of the deportations and the extermination
to what the author describes as the “ethnic” memory of the Shoah, which has played, and continues to play, a central role
in constructing the European historical narrative as that narrative depicts the Jews as Europe’s “other”. Theoretical reflection
on memory is intertwined with historical analysis of the period between 1945 until the end of the twentieth century. Two,
binary perspectives are featured, one, which examines memory from a cognitive point of view and the other, which examines
memory from a cultural, ideological, moral and political perspective. These perspectives come to the fore in memoire-literature,
movies, plays, historiographic and philosophical debates, which illustrate the two perspectives and their articulation, as
well as they justify the essay’s periodization. 相似文献
57.
Maternal behavior in the virgin and lactating rat 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
58.
59.
Specifying Associations Between Conscientiousness and Executive Functioning: Mental Set Shifting,Not Prepotent Response Inhibition or Working Memory Updating
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Kimberly A. Fleming Samantha J. Heintzelman Bruce D. Bartholow 《Journal of personality》2016,84(3):348-360
Conscientiousness is characterized by self‐control, organization, and goal orientation and is positively related to a number of health and professional outcomes. Thus, it is commonly suggested that conscientiousness should be related to superior executive functioning (EF) abilities, especially prepotent response inhibition. However, little empirical support for this notion has emerged, perhaps due to oversimplified and underspecified modeling of EF. The current study sought to fill this gap by testing relations between conscientiousness and three facets of EF using a nested factors latent variable approach. Participants (N = 420; Mage = 22.5; 50% male; 91% Caucasian) completed a measure of conscientiousness and nine EF tasks designed to tap three related yet distinguishable facets of EF: working memory updating, mental set shifting, and prepotent response inhibition. Structural equation models showed that conscientiousness is positively associated with the EF facet of mental set shifting but not response inhibition or working memory updating. Despite the common notion that conscientiousness is associated with cognitive abilities related to rigid control over impulses (i.e., inhibition), the current results suggest the cognitive ability most associated with conscientiousness is characterized by flexibility and the ability to adapt to changing environmental contingencies and task demands. 相似文献
60.
Nancy L. Kocovski Meagan B. MacKenzie Jenna J. Albiani Susan R. Battista Sheena Noel Jan E. Fleming Martin M. Antony 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2016,38(1):87-100
The Social Phobia Safety Behaviours Scale (SPSBS) is a measure designed to identify and assess safety behavior use. The current study is the first to evaluate the psychometric properties of the English SPSBS. Using four samples (N?=?725), the component structure, validity, and ability of the SPSBS to function as a state measure were examined. The results of the principal component analyses suggest that the SPSBS is a two-component measure, consisting of an inhibitory behavior component and a management of physical symptoms component, and the scale has good internal consistency. The SPSBS also showed good concurrent validity in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Moreover, there was evidence to suggest that the SPSBS is an accurate measure of situational use of safety behaviors as compared to observers’ ratings. The results of this investigation show that the SPSBS is a useful tool for the identification and measurement of safety behaviors. 相似文献