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231.
Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on health‐related quality of life: An evaluation of therapies provided by trainee therapists 下载免费PDF全文
Sophie Henriksson Malin Anclair Arto J. Hiltunen 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2016,57(3):215-222
The present study was carried out to examine the treatment effect of cognitive behavioral therapy provided by trainee therapists at a university clinic, focusing on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) optimism and symptoms. The study was conducted through a repeated measures design and included a treatment group (n = 21), which received cognitive behavioral therapy for an average of 10.7 therapy sessions and a control group (n = 14), that was put on a wait list for 8.6 weeks on average. After treatment, the treatment group improved significantly concerning general health (p = 0.028) and optimism (p = 0.027). In addition, clients improved in several areas within mental health and displayed some reduction in anxiety symptoms. Concurrently, the results also indicated some improvement within the control group, which may have been caused by the initial therapeutic contact, expectancy effects or spontaneous remission. The study concluded that cognitive behavioral therapy provided by trainee therapists may have a positive effect on areas within HRQOL and optimism. 相似文献
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Jessica L. Clifton Sophie Hedley Emily Mountier Boglarka Tiszai 《Cognition & emotion》2016,30(4):654-668
The interpretation of emotionally ambiguous words, sentences, or scenarios can be altered through training procedures that are collectively called cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I). In three experiments, we systematically manipulated the nature of the training in order to discriminate between emotional priming and ambiguity resolution accounts of training effects. In Experiment 1 participants completed word fragments that were consistently related to either a negative or benign interpretation of an ambiguous sentence. In a subsequent semantic priming task they demonstrated an interpretation bias, in that they were faster to identify relatedness of targets that were associated with the training-congruent meaning of an emotionally ambiguous homograph. We then manipulated the training sentences to show that interpretation bias was eliminated when participants simply completed valenced word fragments following unrelated sentences (Experiment 2), or completed fragments that were related to emotional but unambiguous sentences (Experiment 3). Only when participants were required to actively resolve emotionally ambiguous sentences during training did changes in interpretation emerge at test. Findings suggest that CBM-I achieves its effects by altering a production rule that aids the selection of meaning from emotionally ambiguous alternatives, in line with an ambiguity resolution account. 相似文献
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There is now much convincing evidence that the context in which children are given cognitive tasks can have a huge effect
on their performance in those tasks, even when the experimental and control conditions make exactly the same logical and cognitive
demands. According to this, we found that children faced with a cognitive-perceptual task (the Rey–Osterrieth's complex figure
reproduction test) performed better or worse in one context (geometry) than in another (drawing), depending on their performance
history in these contexts, although the task was the same in both conditions. These effects are discussed both in relation
to underlying processes and in perspective with another phenomenon (stereotype threat) which also provides evidence for the
social regulation of cognitive functioning in the school environment.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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In order to examine the association between sexual behavior and depressive affect among adolescents, 122 and 219 Israeli adolescents, in two separate studies, reported their romantic and sexual history, the quality of their relationships and level of depressive symptoms. Findings show that a higher level of sexual activity in short-term romantic relationships, which were low in intimacy and authenticity, was related to increased levels of depressive symptoms among females but not among males. In contrast, involvement in stable romantic relationships was not associated with increased depressive affect for either gender. Findings from a 3 month follow-up suggested that it may be that an increased level of depressive symptoms leads adolescent females to become more sexually involved in short romantic encounters. 相似文献
236.
In three experiments, we examined lexical competition effects using the phonological priming paradigm in a shadowing task.
Experiments 1A and 1B showed that an inhibitory priming effect occurred when the primes mismatched the targets on the last
phoneme (/bagar/–/bagaj/). In contrast, a facilitatory priming effect was observed when the primes mismatched the targets
on the medial phoneme (/viraj/-/vilaj/). Experiment 2 replicated these findings with primes presented visually rather than
auditorily. The data thus indicate that the position of the mismatching phoneme is a critical factor in determining the competition
effect between prime and target words. 相似文献
237.
Rune F. Bjørk Sophie S. Havighurst Francisco Pons Evalill B. Karevold 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2020,61(6):751-762
More than two decades of research have shown that parental emotion-related socialization behaviors (ERSBs) significantly predict child emotion understanding and externalizing behavior problems. This study aimed to replicate these findings in a sample of 40 Norwegian preschool children and to test whether the effect of parental ERSBs on externalizing child behavior problems was mediated through child emotion understanding. Parental report on ERSBs was obtained using the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale (CCNES) questionnaire. Child emotion understanding was assessed directly using the Test of Emotion Comprehension (TEC). The results showed that parental distress reactions and externalizing child behavior problems were significantly correlated and that parental expressive encouragement was significantly correlated with child emotion understanding. Estimation of indirect effects was conducted using process analysis and showed that parental expressive encouragement was indirectly related to externalizing child behavior problems (b = −0.17) via child emotion understanding. The results suggest that better child emotion understanding, and lower parental distress are related to lower levels of behavior problems in preschool children. These findings provide support for the Parental Meta-Emotion Philosophy (PMEP) model, where the effect of parental emotion socialization on externalizing child behavior problems is mediated through emotion understanding. 相似文献
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Gray Katie L. H. Guillemin Yvonne Cenac Zarus Gibbons Sophie Vestner Tim Cook Richard 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2020,27(1):62-69
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - When the upper half of one face (‘target region’) is spatially aligned with the lower half of another (‘distractor region’), the two... 相似文献
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