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111.
Relationships between metamemory, memory predictions, and memory task performance in adults 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A cross-sectional sample of adults recalled categorized word lists and narrative texts. Subjects gave performance predictions before each of 3 recall trials for each task. Older subjects had poorer memory performance and also predicted lower performance levels than did younger subjects. The LISREL models suggested (a) direct effects of memory self-efficacy (MSE) on initial predictions; (b) upgrading of prediction-performance correlations across trials, determined by direct effects of performance on subsequent predictions; (c) significant effects of a higher order verbal memory factor on MSE; and (d) an independent relationship of text recall ability to initial text recall performance predictions. These results lend support to the theoretical treatment of predictions as task-specific MSE judgments. 相似文献
112.
Data on a brief mental status schedule (Memory Check) and a behavior rating scale of mental impairment (Functional Behavior Survey) are presented which support the use of these instruments in research and survey work with both community and institutionalized aged. Based on a factorially derived concept of mental competence, the two instruments showed a satisfactory relation to clinical judgment of degree of competence, and also to a composite measure of nine test measures commonly used in assessing mental competence. The sample consisted of 68 community and nursing home residents between the ages of 60 and 80 who ranged from those who were unimpaired to those judged clinically to be grossly mentally impaired. 相似文献
113.
R A Dixon 《Psychological reports》1983,52(1):281-282
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115.
Telephone crisis intervention services are growing at a very rapid rate. A review of the literature reveals that there are very few references to this new phenomenon and even fewer that deal with evaluating the effectiveness of telephone crisis training. Herein 7 articles are reviewed which deal with volunteer selection and training. These articles demonstrate that no consistent rationale for volunteer selection or training exists. Selection of volunteers typically consists of a gross screening to eliminate any obviously unsuitable persons, with training serving as a further sorting procedure where volunteers who are uncomfortable with the role of a crisis interventionist can be encouraged to drop out. The authors suggest that a training model be built around crisis intervention theory using principles of social learning as the methodology for training. 相似文献
116.
Two separate sets of stimuli were established as stimulus classes in a match-to-sample task by using each stimulus as both a sample and choice stimulus for every other member within that set. After classes were established, the subjects were taught to select one member of each class when an associated auditory stimulus was presented. After this training, three of six subjects were able to select the remaining members of each stimulus class in response to the appropriate auditory stimuli without direct training. The other three subjects also demonstrated transfer after additional members of each stimulus class were brought under the control of the auditory stimuli through direct training. 相似文献
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This study was designed to ameliorate encopresis in a 6-year-old male child in the school setting. The procedure consisted of toilet training, cueing, praise, and self-cleaning. Prior to intervention, encopresis was a daily event at home and school. The intervention was successful in reducing the soiling to near zero at school, with no reported changes at home. Implications discussed for school psychologists were: (a) handling the intervention through a consultation model, (b) using the simplest approach before attempting more powerful procedures, and (c) attempting treatment in spite of the fact that other treatment attempts at home had been unsuccessful. 相似文献
120.
In a previous paper [Elashoff 1969], we derived optimal rater teams for a particular formulation of the dichotomous rater
problem. Here, we describe a computer-based procedure for selecting good rater teams in practice; we apply the procedure to
the selection of items for a psychological inventory.
This research was supported in part by the author's predoctoral fellowship from the National Institutes of Health and by National
Science Foundation Grant GS-341, and National Institutes of Health Grants FR-3 and FR-122. 相似文献