情绪大脑机制研究的进展

文章综述情绪大脑机制研究的最新进展。情绪的脑机制——大脑回路,包括前额皮层、杏仁核、海马、前部扣带回、腹侧纹状体等。前额皮层中的不对称性与趋近和退缩系统有关,左前额皮层与趋近系统和积极感情有关,右前额皮层与消极感情和退缩有关。杏仁核易被消极的感情刺激所激活,尤其是恐惧。海马在情绪的背景调节中起着重要作用。前额皮层和杏仁核激活不对称性的个体差异是情绪个体差异的生理基础。情绪的中枢回路有可塑性。     

中学生发散思维能力培养的实验研究

本研究以初中一年级学生为被试 ,对学生进行发散性思维训练 ,探讨培养中学生创造力的可行性及有效措施。研究结果表明 :对中学生进行发散思维训练是可行的 ,学生在流畅力、精进力、变通力、独创力等方面都有所进步。另外 ,实验还考察了发散思维训练对推理能力和学习成绩的影响 ,结果未发现明显作用     

Compliance with National Ethics Requirements for Human-Subject Research in Non-biomedical Sciences in Brazil: A Changing Culture?

Science and Engineering Ethics - Ethics regulation for human-subject research (HSR) has been established for about 20 years in Brazil. However, compliance with this regulation is...     

明儒颜钧的七日闭关工夫及其三教合一倾向

颜钧(1504～1596),号山农,江西永新人,明代后期泰州学派的重要代表人物.泰州学派是阳明后学中具有平民意识和宗教化倾向的学派,其宗教化倾向主要通过工夫实践中对儒释道三教的融摄而得以展现,这一特点在颜钧思想中表现尤为明显.他以原儒经典为依据,在承袭心学系统静中体验传统的基础上,吸收了佛道二教的一些修养方法,形成一套颇具神秘主义特色的修养工夫--"七日闭关法".本文即以"七日闭关"法为中心,对颜钧思想的三教合一倾向略做探讨.     

开发、国家政策与狩猎采集民社会的生态与生计——以中国东北大小兴安岭地区的鄂伦春族为例

狩猎采集民在多民族多文化的国家中,她往往处于周边民族的边缘地带。本文在对于全球范围内的狩猎采集民的研究在人类学的学术定位以及他们目前面临的共同的社会、生态等问题的基础上,选择中国大小兴安岭的狩猎民族——鄂伦春族为研究对象,在人类学田野调查的基础上,分析了鄂伦春族所处地区的自然生态和人口变化,讨论了清朝和伪满洲国时期的近代以来的政策,包括日本殖民主义的意识形态对鄂伦春族的负面影响。重点探讨了1949年以后的森林开发、定居化以及20世纪90年代以来的“禁猎转产”等政策,对于当地生态环境影响的同时,如何使原住民族——鄂伦春人的生计、社会和文化发生了巨大的变化。最后,笔者把此研究提升为对于“进步”和文明的表述问题的讨论。     

病毒入胞机制的研究

病毒吸附、穿入宿主细胞是一个复杂的过程,多年来一直是病毒性疾病预防和治疗选择的靶点。对病毒入胞机制研究的不断深入,不仅使我们更好地理解、认识病毒的致病性,而且有助于抗病毒新药的开发和疫苗的研制。列举有关实例说明:病毒入胞机制是研究病毒与宿主细胞相互作用的重要环节,从而提出:病毒入胞机制研究具有丰富的哲学内涵。     

Psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and performance among Filipino service workers

The present study surveyed 954 employees and their supervisors to determine the relationship of empowerment with job satisfaction and performance in five different service sectors: hotels, food service, banking, call centers, and airlines. Psychological empowerment was positively correlated with both job satisfaction and performance. Although intrinsic motivation was associated with higher levels of empowerment and job satisfaction, contrary to hypothesis, intrinsic motivation did not moderate the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction and performance. Men reported greater empowerment than women even when job level and performance were controlled for. Cross-industry analyses indicated differences in empowerment across different types of service sectors with employees in call centers reporting less empowerment compared to employees in hotel, airlines, food establishments, and banks.     

Explaining the socioeconomic well-being of immigrants and returned migrants: An econometric analysis of the Hong Kong and Canadian censuses of 2001

This article focuses on an explanation of return migration to Hong Kong based not on the economic failure of Hong Kong immigrants, but on their strategic vision to accumulate human capital while abroad, which they then exploit on their return. We found that Hong Kong returnees with degrees earned abroad in 2001 constituted about 20% of the highly educated Hong-Kong resident group, with the largest flow emanating from Canada. An econometric investigation revealed that both the income and the odds of being a manager were significantly higher for returned migrants than for their counterparts who remained in Canada. Our findings suggests that this return migration is motivated by returnees’ ability to exploit their accumulated foreign transnational capital in the context of Hong Kong. Cet article repose sur une explication de la migration de retour vers Hong Kong, motivée non pas par la faillite économique des immigrants de Hong Kong, mais plutôt par leur vision stratégique consistant à accumuler le capital humain pendant leur séjour à l’étranger pour ensuite l’exploiter lors de leur retour. Nous avons constaté qu’à Hong Kong, le groupe de gens très éduqués était constitué, à environ 20%, de rapatriés détenant des diplômes obtenus à l’étranger, et que la plupart d’entre eux revenaient du Canada. Une analyse économiétrique a révélé que, par rapport aux migrants qui étaient restés au Canada, ceux qui étaient retournés à Hong Kong jouissaient d’un revenu plus ?evé et d’une meilleure chance de devenir cadres. Nos résultats permettent de conclure que cette migration de retour est motivée par la capacité des migrants de mettre á profit, dans le contexte de Hong Kong leur capital transnational accumulé à l’étranger.     

商业银行员工满意度研究

商业银行的经营目标是利润,服务是实现利润的行为过程,服务的宗旨是满足优质客户的合理需要、培育客户忠诚。客户忠诚度取决于客户的满意度,客户满意度取决于客户的感知价值。员工作为服务的载体,其服务质量决定了客户的感知价值,而服务质量决定于员工的满意度和忠诚度。     

Scientific analysis of Buddhism and a comparative study of Buddhism and science

As Buddhism spread into China, the Mahayana (Dacheng) and Hinayana (Xiaocheng) schools, as well as the kong 空 (empty) or you 有 (being) schools, each developed separately, with all sorts of competing theories emerging. While Chinese Buddhism saw a revival in modern times, Western science also gained ground all over the country, and many scholars, technologists and monks sought to interpret the meaning of kong according the achievements and method of the natural sciences. They used science to interpret the content and methods of Buddhist teachings, ontology, and outlook on life. Of the scholars who did so, Wang Jitong (王季同) and You Zhibiao (尢智表) are the most excellent. __________ Translated from Pumen Xuebao 普门学报 (Universal Gate) Vol. 27, 2005 (5) by Kong Xiangzhen, Ma Tianxiang, and Andrew Herron