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161.
Individuals often rely on their affect for information. However, positive or negative affect may not be informative for individuals who are more prone to feel affect of this particular valence in general, unless they chronically monitor their internal states. A series of studies demonstrates that differences in individuals’ internal versus external focus of attention and in trait affective valence associated with their approach versus avoidance motivation determine reliance on affect as information. Specifically, our findings show that while positive affect is used as an input in product satisfaction judgments regardless of individuals’ approach versus avoidance motivation, negative affect is used only by individuals with a predominant approach motivation. 相似文献
162.
Implicit probabilistic sequence learning is independent of explicit awareness 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Studies into interactions between explicit and implicit motor sequence learning have yielded mixed results. Some of these discrepancies have been attributed to difficulties in isolating implicit learning. In the present study, the effect of explicit knowledge on implicit learning was investigated using a modified version of the Alternating Serial Response Time (ASRT) task, a probabilistic sequence learning paradigm that yields continuous and relatively pure measures of implicit learning. Results revealed that implicit learning occurred to the same extent, whether or not subjects had explicit knowledge. Some evidence, however, indicated that explicit knowledge could interfere with the expression of implicit learning early in training. In addition, there were dissociations between learning measures, in that reaction time and accuracy were differentially affected by explicit knowledge. These findings indicate that implicit sequence learning occurs independently of explicit knowledge, and help to explain previous discrepant findings. 相似文献
163.
164.
一一对应和数量比较是幼儿数概念发展的两个重要方面。在本研究中.40名4岁和39名5岁的儿童分别完成了不同比例数量的一一对应任务和数量比较任务。结果表明:(1)两种实验任务下均出现比例效应.说明儿童在解决一一对应问题时,仍然用数量比较的方法来进行判断;(2)任务类型的主效应显著,一一对应任务下的正确率要显著低于数量比较任务下的正确率;(3)知觉线索更多地影响数量比较任务。 相似文献
165.
大学生A型行为类型及其学业情绪特点 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用A型行为类型量表和大学生一般学业情绪问卷对218名大学生进行了调查。结果发现:被调查大学生中A型行为者(A和A^-)约占25%。大学生的学业情绪以正性情绪为主,A型行为者的比例和学业情绪的得分在性别、年级、专业变量上无显著差异。不同行为类型者学业情绪的特点:B型者(B或B^-)的羞愧、气愤、厌烦、焦虑、自豪、希望、愉快情绪均明显低于A型者(A或A^-);B型者(B或B^-)的羞愧、气愤情绪明显低于极端中间型者;TH得分高者负性情绪多而不能放松;CH得分高的学生既有羞愧和气愤,又有自豪和希望。 相似文献
166.
Xiren Song 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2009,4(2):211-227
The existent ethical relationships are the result of the historical amalgamation of objective and subjective conditions. Ethical
relationships are essential relationships in the real and rational order, which are maintained by a system of regulations
on morals, laws and customs, and infused with a spirit of subjectivity. Rationality and legitimacy are the primary concerns
of those relationships. A distinction between morals and ethos needs to be made when studying ethical order. Sound ethical
order lies in effective regulation of morals and effective control of law. In the process of social reform, ethical order
promotes social development through the dialectical movement of freedom and necessity. A harmonious society is a society which
is based on legitimate and just ethical order.
Translated by Cui Hui from Lunlixue yanjiu 伦理学研究 (Studies in Ethics), 2007, (5): 1–8 相似文献
167.
ABSTRACT— Low processing fluency fosters the impression that a stimulus is unfamiliar, which in turn results in perceptions of higher risk, independent of whether the risk is desirable or undesirable. In Studies 1 and 2, ostensible food additives were rated as more harmful when their names were difficult to pronounce than when their names were easy to pronounce; mediation analyses indicated that this effect was mediated by the perceived novelty of the substance. In Study 3, amusement-park rides were rated as more likely to make one sick (an undesirable risk) and also as more exciting and adventurous (a desirable risk) when their names were difficult to pronounce than when their names were easy to pronounce. 相似文献
168.
近年来脊柱结核迅速增多,严重威胁着人类的健康.本文分析目前脊柱结核治疗中存在的问题,围绕这些问题,从脊柱结核的化疗,手术、围手术期处理、术后督导治疗方面综合思考个体化综合治疗在脊柱结核中的应用.通过这些分析和思考,以期引导我们用系统全面的观点治疗眷柱结核,并最终控制其流行. 相似文献
169.
Russell D. Ravert Seth J. Schwartz Byron L. Zamboanga Su Yeong Kim Robert S. Weisskirch Melina Bersamin 《Personality and individual differences》2009,47(7):763-768
This study examines the roles of sensation seeking and invulnerability as predictors of health compromising behaviors in a multiethnic sample of 1690 emerging adult college students (mean age = 19.8, range 18–25 years) from nine US colleges and universities. Participants completed the Arnett Sensation Seeking Inventory and the Adolescent Invulnerability Scale; and reported how often they had participated in a set of health compromising risk behaviors (i.e., substance use, impaired driving, and sexual behaviors) in the 30 days prior to assessment. Sensation seeking and danger invulnerability scores were moderately correlated (r = .30). Findings from a series of multivariate Poisson regression analyses suggest that when considered simultaneously as predictors, sensation seeking appears to be a general risk factor associated with engagement in a variety of risk behaviors, whereas danger invulnerability is primarily a factor in those risk behaviors that are less common among peers (e.g., hard drug use, casual sex, and driving while intoxicated). 相似文献
170.
康德、黑尔与普遍主义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
康德和黑尔都是伦理学的杰出代表人物,尽管一个是规范伦理学家,一个是元伦理学家,但是双方都把目光聚集在道德的形式主义研究上,并且着力于普遍主义的落脚点.两者在理论上存在诸多不同,却依然可以发现两者在理论上的先行后继的关系. 相似文献