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211.
212.
Interlimb and interfinger coordination were examined in a dual-finger tapping paradigm in which 16 subjects performed at preferred frequencies. Three bimanual finger combinations, in random order (2 index; 2 middle; and 1 index and 1 middle), were performed in in-phase and antiphase coordination modes, in addition to 1 unimanual combination (antiphase index-middle). Relative phase means were within 3&percent; accuracy for all conditions. A lower tapping frequency was found in all antiphase vs. in-phase conditions, accompanied by lower phasing variability and lower intrafinger consistency in the antiphase. When frequency was changed from the preferred rate, the 2 coordination modes became more alike in variability and, within the same frequency range, demonstrated no significant differences. The bimanual mixed-fingers tapping tended to have significantly lower phasing values (a small fixed point drift) and higher tapping frequencies than the symmetric conditions. The unimanual task was similar to all other antiphase conditions. Changes in preferred frequency with different coordination modes may be related to differing perceptual informational constraints. Current models addressing natural frequencies of coupled oscillators do not account for the present data. 相似文献
213.
本文对北京与香港大学生MMPI测查结果的差异进行了内容分析。使用的是Wiggins内容量表。该量表是使用最为广泛的MMPI内容量表之一。它是1966年Wiggins根据合理建构法及内部一致性的统计检验编制而成。共包括13个分量表。测查结果显示,在男生方面,北京大学生的HOS、FEM两个分量表得分高于香港大学生。香港大学生的REL分量表的得分高于北京的大学生。在女性方面,FEM、REL、AUT、HOS、HYP各分量表的分数,香港的大学生均高于北京的大学生。 相似文献
214.
肌电和皮温生物反馈及其和自我训练结合控制考试焦虑有效性的比较研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文比较了肌电和皮温生物反馈以及反馈与自我训练结合等方法对改善考试焦虑的有效性。采用状态—特质焦虑问卷的状态焦虑分选择48名高考应届考生为实验受试。将这些受试随机分成6组,每组8人,分别为:1.肌电反馈加自我训练;2.单肌电反馈;3.皮温反馈加自我训练;4.单皮温反馈;5.假反馈和 6.延迟训练等组。训练前后分别测试了各位受试在故意制造的紧张气氛中完成测验作业时的肌电和皮温变化以及状态焦虑的水平。比较结果表明:1.生物反馈改善考试焦虑是有效的,皮温和肌电反馈有效性相当;2.生物反馈和自我训练结合效果似乎更佳;3.假反馈训练的效果虽然比不训练略好,但两者无明显的区别;4.初始状态焦虑程度越高,经训练,焦虑水平下降幅度也越大。 相似文献
215.
Monitoring drug-induced side effects is especially important for patients who undergo treatment with antipsychotic medications, as these drugs often produce extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) resulting in movement abnormalities similar to parkinsonism. Scientists have developed several objective laboratory tests to measure and research drug-induced movement disorders, but equipment and tests are complex and costly and have not become accepted in large-scale, multi-site clinical trials. The goals of this study were to test whether a simple handwriting measure can discriminate between individuals with psychotropic-induced parkinsonism, Parkinson's disease, and healthy individuals, and to examine some of the psychometric properties of the measure. We examined pen movement kinematics during cursive writing of a standard word in 13 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), 10 schizophrenia patients with drug-induced parkinsonism (SZ), and 12 normal healthy control participants (NC). Participants were instructed to write the word "hello" in cursive twice, at three vertical height scales. Software was used for data acquisition and analysis of vertical stroke velocities, velocity scaling, and smoothness. There were four important results from this study: (1) both SZ patients with drug-induced EPS and PD participants exhibited impaired movement velocities and velocity scaling; (2) performance on the velocity scaling measure distinguished drug-induced EPS from normal with 90% accuracy; (3) SZ, but not PD participants displayed abnormalities in movement smoothness; and (4) there was a positive correlation between age and magnitude of the velocity scaling deficit in PD participants. This study demonstrates that kinematic analyses of pen movements during handwriting may be useful in detecting and monitoring subtle changes in motor control related to the adverse effects of psychotropic medications. 相似文献
216.
Dynamic predictors of job-search intensity over time are examined in a large 10-wave longitudinal study of unemployed individuals. Two sets of variables relevant to the examination of job search from a dynamic, self-regulatory perspective--core self-evaluations (T. A. Judge, A. Erez, & J. E. Bono, 1998) and the theory of planned behavior (I. Ajzen, 1991)--were used to guide our examination. Results suggest core self-evaluation is related to average levels of job-search intensity over time. Job-search intentions mediated the relationship between subjective norms and job-search self-efficacy in the prediction of job-search intensity in the following 2 weeks. Both Time 1 and cumulative job-search intensity predict reemployment. This repeated-measures study contributes to research on job search that has been primarily cross-sectional or included few time waves. 相似文献
217.
218.
Eva M. Bracht Lucas Monzani Diana Boer S. Alexander Haslam Rudolf Kerschreiter Jérémy E. Lemoine Niklas K. Steffens Serap Arslan Akfirat Lorenzo Avanzi Bita Barghi Kitty Dumont Charlotte M. Edelmann Olga Epitropaki Katrien Fransen Steffen Giessner Ilka H. Gleibs Roberto González Ana Laguía González Jukka Lipponen Yannis Markovits Fernando Molero Juan A. Moriano Pedro Neves Gábor Orosz Christine Roland-Lévy Sebastian C. Schuh Tomoki Sekiguchi Lynda Jiwen Song Joana S. P. Story Jeroen Stouten Srinivasan Tatachari Daniel Valdenegro Lisanne van Bunderen Viktor Vörös Sut I. Wong Farida Youssef Xin-an Zhang Rolf van Dick 《Psychologie appliquee》2023,72(1):348-388
Innovation is considered essential for today's organizations to survive and thrive. Researchers have also stressed the importance of leadership as a driver of followers' innovative work behavior (FIB). Yet, despite a large amount of research, three areas remain understudied: (a) The relative importance of different forms of leadership for FIB; (b) the mechanisms through which leadership impacts FIB; and (c) the degree to which relationships between leadership and FIB are generalizable across cultures. To address these lacunae, we propose an integrated model connecting four types of positive leadership behaviors, two types of identification (as mediating variables), and FIB. We tested our model in a global data set comprising responses of N = 7,225 participants from 23 countries, grouped into nine cultural clusters. Our results indicate that perceived LMX quality was the strongest relative predictor of FIB. Furthermore, the relationships between both perceived LMX quality and identity leadership with FIB were mediated by social identification. The indirect effect of LMX on FIB via social identification was stable across clusters, whereas the indirect effects of the other forms of leadership on FIB via social identification were stronger in countries high versus low on collectivism. Power distance did not influence the relations. 相似文献
219.
Linguistic justice is concerned with the just way of politically regulating linguistic diversity. Today, the linguistic-justice debate may be differentiated into three different domains: interlinguistic justice, intralinguistic justice, and global linguistic justice. Each of these domains has, to a significant extent, attracted different authors and debates, although the normative system underlying them is structurally similar. This introductory piece aims to provide context for our symposium dedicated to linguistic justice and migration by, first, giving an overview of linguistic justice, second, linking linguistic justice to migration, and, finally, providing an overview of the various papers in the symposium, situating them against the background developed in the first two sections. 相似文献
220.
Seunghyun Song 《Metaphilosophy》2023,54(5):598-610
This paper develops a concept of structural linguistic injustice. By employing the so-called structural-injustice approach, it argues that individuals' seemingly harmless language attitudes and language choices might enable serious harms on a collective level, constituting what one could call a structural linguistic injustice. Section 1 introduces the linguistic-justice debate. By doing so, it establishes linguistic diversity as the context in which phenomena such as individuals' language attitudes, language choice, and language loss occur. Moreover, the paper illustrates why employing the structural-injustice approach might be beneficial for the linguistic-justice debate. Section 2 conceptualizes individuals' (certain types of) language attitudes and language choice as (objectionable) social structures. Section 3 provides a concept of structural linguistic injustice. Section 4 suggests one possible remedy for structural linguistic injustice. Section 5 concludes the paper. 相似文献