Gideon Becker  Israel Orbach  Mario Mikulincer  Maya Iohan  Eva Gilboa‐Schechtman  Ariella Grossman‐Giron 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2019,49(4):1072-1084

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Gonzalo Martínez‐Als  Eduardo Jimnez‐Sola  Eva Romn‐Mazuecos  María Pilar Snchez‐Castro  Consuelo de Dios  Beatriz Rodríguez‐Vega  María Fe Bravo‐Ortiz 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2019,49(6):1587-1599

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Bao‐Liang Zhong  Sandra Sau Man Chan  Tie‐Bang Liu  Helen Fung‐Kum Chiu 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2019,49(5):1199-1208

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Ana F. El‐Behadli  Danette Beitra  Lucas Zullo  Hayden Mbroh  Sunita M. Stewart 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2019,49(5):1463-1472

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Jais Adam‐Troian  Denis Caroti  Thomas Arciszewski  Tomas Sthl 《Applied cognitive psychology》2019,33(4):720-727

Previous research suggests that unfounded beliefs (UB)—such as conspiracist beliefs and beliefs in the supernatural—stem from similar cognitive and motivational mechanisms. More specifically, it has been demonstrated that cognitive ability is negatively associated with UB but only among individuals who value epistemic rationality. The present study goes beyond previous correlational studies by examining whether the negative association between cognitive ability and UB can be strengthened through a subtle rationality prime. In a large scale online experiment (N = 762 French teachers), we demonstrate that priming rationality (vs. control) does enhance the negative relationship between cognitive ability and adherence to supernatural beliefs, as well as conspiracy mentality (d = 0.2). This effect was not obtained for illusory pattern perception. This study's usefulness as a “proof of concept” for future interventions aimed at reducing UB prevalence among the general public is discussed.  相似文献   

    

Andreea Butucescu  Drago&#x; Iliescu  Cristian‐Dan Opariuc 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》2019,27(4):406-410

This study tested the Selection Procedural Justice Scale (SPJS) in an educational setting. The sample consisted of 617 students. Four different confirmatory models were tested, followed by an IRT analysis to test the scale structure at the item level in the two different contexts (selection vs. academic exams). Results indicated that the 11‐factor structure is the best factorial solution, and SPJS items were found to be free of DIF.  相似文献   

Hegel's Logic: An attempt to render intelligibility intelligible?     

Rolf‐Peter Horstmann 《European Journal of Philosophy》2019,27(4):1037-1047

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Adjeiwa Akosua Affram  Enoch Teye‐Kwadjo  Angela A. Gyasi‐Gyamerah 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2019,29(4):323-335

Previous studies have shown that social stigma adversely affects quality of life. However, little research has assessed the influence of social stigma on subjective well‐being (SWB) of persons with albinism (PWA) in Ghana, and the role that perceived social support plays in this relationship. This study investigated the SWB of PWA in Ghana. Participants (N = 105) completed a survey questionnaire on social stigma, social support, and SWB. Results from structural equation modelling showed a significant negative association between social stigma and SWB. Perceived social support partially mediated the negative effect that social stigma has on SWB, with significant other support emerging as a reliable predictor of SWB in this sample. Results suggest that the population with albinism in Ghana is experiencing high levels of social stigma, which is adversely affecting its SWB. Social stigma seems to be preventing PWA from being accorded the needed social support by family and friends. The results highlight the importance of designing stigma‐reduction educational interventions that target social stigma at family, community, and societal levels.  相似文献   

    

Anna‐Lind Petursdottir  Gudrun Bjrg Ragnarsdottir 《Behavioral Interventions》2019,34(3):323-337

This study examined the effects of function‐based behavior support plans (BSPs) on the persistent behavior problems and lack of academic engagement of three, 7‐ to 8‐year‐old, male students from two public schools in Iceland. Based on the results of functional behavioral assessments, BSPs were created for each participant. Each plan included a token system. The goal for all students was to foster independent functioning. A multiple baseline across participants showed that disruptive behavior decreased by 85% on average and academic engagement increased by 78% on average. Statistical analyses suggest significant positive effects were obtained. Findings suggest that persistent behavior problems can be reduced and independent academic engagement fostered in inclusive school settings through function‐based BSPs with gradual fading of token reinforcement.  相似文献   

    

Kiersty McNamara  Catia Cividini‐Motta 《Behavioral Interventions》2019,34(2):181-197

The purpose of this study was to expand on research on treatments for stereotypy by evaluating the effects of response interruption and redirection (RIRD) and response cost (RC) alone and as a treatment package on vocal stereotypy. Treatment phases included RIRD, RC, and response interruption and redirection plus response cost (RIRD + RC). The efficacy of these treatments was determined by measuring duration of stereotypy in session and during treatment intervals. Vocal stereotypy decreased in all three treatment conditions; however, when data analysis included stereotypy occurring during treatment intervals, stereotypy during the RC condition occurred at similar levels as baseline for one treatment evaluation phase for Karl and both treatment evaluations phases for Jon. We discuss implications of these findings, limitations of the current study, and areas for future research.  相似文献