Amelioration of infant sleep disturbances: II. Effects of scheduled awakenings by compliant parents

Twelve infants and toddlers who exhibited spontaneous awakening and crying episodes during the night were subjected to scheduled awakenings by their parents. Scheduled awakenings were determined from individual baseline data, and these consisted of awakening, feeding, and consoling the child about 15 to 30 minutes before typical spontaneous awakening times. Once spontaneous awakenings were precluded, scheduled awakenings by the parents were faded out and posttreatment data were collected. The technique appeared effective for most children when the parents complied with the procedure.     

Maternal styles in infant psychotherapy: Treatment and research implications

Infant psychotherapy, in which the mother is requested to follow the baby's activities without initiating or directing, is described. Mothers demonstrate different styles of involvement with their infants: a protective mode, a prohibitive mode, a competitive mode, and other ways of interfering with their infants' tendency to explore the environment. Attempts to analyze such factors as position, distance and movement are discussed. Research for recording and analyzing the movement of infant and mother dyads is proposed.     

Introduction to Special Issue: A Creative Collaboration

The Psychological Record -