排序方式: 共有128条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Marco Fabbri Carmine Vitale Sofia Cuoco Alessia Beracci Rosanna Calabrese Maria Cordella Regina Mazzotta Paolo Barone Maria Teresa Pellecchia Gabriella Santangelo 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2018,18(6):1320-1337
It has been suggested that the Theory of Mind (ToM) may rely on more basic processes of social cognition, such as action control (e.g., joint action), even if little is known about this relationship. The relationship between ToM and joint action can be studied in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), because they are characterized not only by a deficit in ToM (and in its cognitive and affective subcomponents) but also by a deficit in the inhibition of competing responses. Sixty PD patients and 60 matched healthy controls (HCs) performed a go/no-go Flanker task in both joint and individual conditions. Cognitive (Advanced Test or AT) and affective (Emotion Attribution Task or EAT) ToM also were measured. Thirty-five PD patients and matched HCs also performed the standard Flanker task, as a control measure. In patients, only individuals with high AT scores exhibited a joint Flanker effect, whereas in HCs the joint effect was found irrespectively of AT score. Patients with low EAT scores showed a greater interference effect than patients with high scores, whereas the opposite pattern was found for HCs. In regression analysis AT and EAT scores predicted the Flanker effect in the joint condition only. In the standard task, both groups showed a Flanker effect. The role of different fronto-striatal circuits, especially in PD patients, could explain the different involvement of cognitive and affective ToM in joint tasks. The Flanker effect is discussed considering the referential coding account and the attention-focus account as possible candidates to explain joint action effects. 相似文献
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Butler R Dwosh E Beattie BL Guimond C Lombera S Brief E Illes J Sadovnick AD 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(2):136-142
A novel, pathogenic presenilin 1 (PS1) mutation has recently been identified in a large Aboriginal kindred living in dispersed
communities throughout British Columbia, Canada. Disseminating genetic information and ensuring that appropriate genetic counseling
services are provided to all concerned relatives have posed several unique challenges. These challenges include knowledge
exchange and continuity of care in a geographically remote and culturally distinct community. To our knowledge, this is the
first time a specific genetic counseling approach has been needed for early-onset familial Alzheimer disease (EOFAD) in a
North American Aboriginal community. 相似文献
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Sofia M. Morton Alexandra M. Campanaro Jason C. Vladescu Tina M. Sidener Craig Domanski 《Behavioral Interventions》2023,38(3):554-568
Play provides children learning opportunities in the natural environment to acquire communication skills. While working to establish skills that may lead to additional leisure and social opportunities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), procedures need to be both effective and efficient. One way to increase efficiency of teaching is through the use of instructive feedback (IF). Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to systematically replicate and extend previous research by examining if play behaviors emerge when using IF to teach conceptually related primary (i.e., tacts) and secondary targets (i.e., play skills). The results of the present study extend previous research by demonstrating the effectiveness of teaching tacts to individuals with ASD, and that using IF during tact training can help promote the acquisition of play skills. 相似文献
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Sofia Jeppsson 《Philosophical Issues》2023,33(1):70-82
In this paper, I review arguments according to which harsh criminal punishments and poverty are undeserved and therefore unjust. Such arguments come in different forms. First, one may argue that no one deserves to be poor or be punished, because there is no such thing as desert-entailing moral responsibility. Second, one may argue that poor people in particular do not deserve to remain in poverty or to be punished if they commit crimes, because poor people suffer from psychological problems that undermine their agency and moral responsibility. Third, one may argue that poor and otherwise marginalized people frequently face external obstacles that prevent them from taking alternative courses of action. The first kind of argument has its place in the philosophy seminar. Psychological difficulties may be important to attend to both in personal relationships and when holding ourselves responsible. Nevertheless, I argue that neither type of argument belongs in political contexts. Moral responsibility scepticism ultimately rests on contested intuitions. Labelling certain groups of people particularly irrational, weak-willed, or similar is belittling and disrespectful; such claims are also hard to prove, and may have the opposite effect to the intended one on people's attitudes. Arguments from external obstacles have none of these problems. Such arguments may not take us all the way to criminal justice reform, but in this context, we can supplement them with epistemic arguments and crime prevention arguments. 相似文献
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Philosophical Studies - One of the most influential arguments against compatibilism is Derk Pereboom’s four-case manipulation argument. Professor Plum, the main character of the thought... 相似文献
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The main objective of this study is to report rated age of acquisition (AoA) norms for 834 nouns in Portuguese (European). AoA ratings were collected on a 7 point scale, generally following Gilhooly and Logie (1980) procedure with an 8 extra point for "don't know the word" answers. Results were analyzed considering AoA ratings and their standard deviations and considering the relationship between AoA ratings and other psycholinguistic variables (imageability, familiarity, written word frequency, concreteness, number of syllables and number of words). AoA ratings and their standard deviations were significantly and positively correlated, with early acquired word ratings showing higher agreement. Correlation and multiple regression analyses confirmed the major contribution of imageability and familiarity to AoA ratings obtained in other languages. The full database of AoA ratings and other psycholinguistic variables may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive or www.fpce.ul.pt/pessoal/ulfpfred/aoa.htm. 相似文献
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Ronald R. Holden Rui C. Campos Ana Simões Sara Costa Ana Sofia Pio Christine E. Lambert 《International journal of psychology》2020,55(6):926-935
Across two countries and two languages, this research examined the multidimensional associations between suicidality (e.g., past ideation/attempts, communication of intent) and empirically important psychological risk factors (e.g., mental pain, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness). For samples of 228 Canadian and 331 Portuguese university undergraduates, four dimensions emerged in each sample with two of these, intrapersonal and interpersonal, demonstrating strong replicability across countries and languages. It was concluded that suicidality is a phenomenon that demonstrates some multidimensional similarities across cultures. 相似文献
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Sofia Stathi Lindsey Cameron Bonny Hartley Shona Bradford 《Journal of applied social psychology》2014,44(8):536-546
The present research tested a prejudice‐reduction intervention based on imagined contact. White children imagined interacting with a child from an ethnic out‐group (Asian) once a week for 3 weeks, or did not take part in this activity (control group). Compared with the control group, children who engaged in imagined contact subsequently showed more positive attitudes, greater perceived similarity, and willingness for intergroup contact. The effect of the intervention on willingness for contact was mediated by positive attitude change. Implications for imagined‐contact theory and the development of prejudice‐reduction techniques for schools are discussed. 相似文献
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