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101.
During the past 50 years, substantially more Muslims than Hindus have died in riots in India. This study examined and found support for 2 possible individual‐level reasons that are consistent with this disproportionate number of deaths. First, Hindus, compared to Muslims, considered historical incidents to be more important for contemporary Hindu–Muslim relations. Second, Hindus showed an ultimate group bias in that they generally valued Hindu lives more than Muslim lives, whereas Muslims showed no difference in the valuation of Hindu and Muslim lives. Together, these results are consistent with an equity notion that Hindus consider as relevant input factors both historical incidents and perceptions that in‐group members’ lives are more valuable than are out‐group members’ lives. 相似文献
102.
Predicting General Well-Being From Emotional Intelligence and Three Broad Personality Traits 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper examined the joint predictive effects of trait emotional intelligence (trait-EI), Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Neuroticism on 2 facets of general well-being and job satisfaction. An employed community sample of 123 individuals from the Indian subcontinent participated in the study, and completed measures of the five-factor model of personality, trait-EI, job satisfaction, and general well-being facets worn-out and up-tight . Trait-EI was related but distinct from the 3 personality variables. Trait-EI demonstrated the strongest correlation with job satisfaction, but predicted general well-being no better than Neuroticism. In regression analyses, trait-EI predicted between 6% and 9% additional variance in the well-being criteria, beyond the 3 personality traits. It was concluded that trait-EI may be useful in examining dispositional influences on psychological well-being. 相似文献
103.
Hota SK Barhwal K Ray K Singh SB Ilavazhagan G 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2008,89(4):522-532
Exposure to high altitude is known to cause impairment in cognitive functions in sojourners. The molecular events leading to this behavioral manifestation, however, still remain an enigma. The present study aims at exploring the nature of memory impairment occurring on chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia and the possible role of glutamate in mediating it. Increased ionotropic receptor stimulation by glutamate under hypobaric hypoxic conditions could lead to calcium mediated excitotoxic cell death resulting in impaired cognitive functions. Since glutamate is cleared from the synapse by the Glial Glutamate Transporter, upregulation of the transporter can be a good strategy in preventing excitotoxic cell death. Considering previous reports on upregulation of the expression of Glial Glutamate Transporter on ceftriaxone administration, the therapeutic potential of ceftriaxone in ameliorating hypobaric hypoxia induced memory impairment was investigated in male Sprague Dawley rats. Exposure to hypobaric hypoxia equivalent to an altitude of 7600 m for 14 days lead to oxidative stress, chromatin condensation and neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus. This was accompanied by delayed memory retrieval as evident from increased latency and pathlength in Morris Water Maze. Administration of ceftriaxone at a dose of 200 mg/kg for 7 days and 14 days during the exposure on the other hand improved the performance of rats in the water maze along with decreased oxidative stress and enhanced neuronal survival when compared to hypoxic group without drug administration. An increased expression of Glial Glutamate Transporter was also observed following drug administration indicating faster clearance of glutamate from the synapse. The present study not only brings to light the effect of longer duration of exposure to hypobaric hypoxia on the memory functions, but also indicates the pivotal role played by glutamate in mediating excitotoxic neuronal degeneration at high altitude. The therapeutic potential of ceftriaxone in providing neuroprotection in excitotoxic conditions by increasing Glial Glutamate Transporter expression and thereby enhancing glutamate uptake from the synapse has also been explored. 相似文献
104.
Microswitch-based programs for persons with multiple disabilities: an overview of some recent developments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lancioni GE O'Reilly MF Singh NN Sigafoos J Oliva D Antonucci M Tota A Basili G 《Perceptual and motor skills》2008,106(2):355-370
Persons with multiple disabilities are often unable to interact with their environment due to their limited response repertoire. Microswitch programs are designed to help them control environmental events, generally preferred stimulation, through simple (feasible) responses. To make microswitch programs a more widely usable and relevant resource for intervention with these persons, a number of new developments were pursued in recent years. This paper examines three of those developments as specifically addressed in our research activity, namely, (a) assessment of new, nontypical responses and matching microswitches, (b) fostering of multiple responses and exercise of choice, and (c) targeting of habilitative and clinical (therapeutic) objectives. The encouraging outcomes of these developments are reviewed in relation to their potentially wide implications for daily practice and the need of additional developments in the area. 相似文献
105.
Jai Ghorpade Jim Lackritz Gangaram Singh 《Journal of applied social psychology》2006,36(10):2474-2491
Using a sample of 749 individuals, we examine the correlation of views of employee participation and higher order needs, altruism, pride in craftsmanship, and collectivism. Structural equation modeling (accounting for measurement errors) shows that views of employee participation are correlated positively with higher order needs, altruism, pride in craftsmanship, and collectivism. Our model also shows equivalency across 3 different age groups. Implications of our results for organizational practice and public policy are discussed. 相似文献
106.
Linda Skogrand Archana Singh Scot Allgood John DeFrain Nikki DeFrain Jean E. Jones 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2007,29(4):253-270
This study used a qualitative, exploratory approach to develop a conceptual framework that illustrated the process by which
spirituality emerged as one of the processes that helped people transcend a traumatic childhood. Ninety people described how
they survived and transcended the difficult time. This article outlines the stages of the developmental process that culminated
for many in a deeper spiritual awareness and how this helped them in their process of transcending. These findings have implications
for marriage and family therapists, clergy, and others in the helping professions in providing therapy, resources, and support
for those who have experienced difficult childhoods. 相似文献
107.
This study used a career capital framework to compare the relative role of mentoring and three other forms of career capital (human, agentic, and developmental network capital) in predicting career success. Using a three-wave longitudinal design we found that mentoring added value, above and beyond the other forms of career capital, in predicting promotions and advancement expectations. However, although mentoring mattered for career success, it represented just a part of a constellation of career resources that are embedded within individuals and their relationships. Implications for future research are discussed. 相似文献
108.
This study investigates the relationship between certain individual level determinants of interpersonal trust and its impact
on organizational citizenship behavior. The participants (N=303) were top, middle, and lower level executives from manufacturing
and services sectors. The results indicate that interaction frequency, consistency, and competence are significant predictors
of interpersonal trust. Interpersonal trust is positively associated with organizational citizenship behavior, and it also
partially mediated the relationship between individual level factors and organizational citizenship behavior. The results
imply that the development of trust at the interpersonal level may be used as a strategy to motivate the employees to engage
in extra role behaviors to ensure improved individual and organizational performance. 相似文献
109.
110.