Marjorie Youmans Lipson  Carla H. Cox  Suzette Iwankowski  Marianne Simon 《Reading Psychology》2013,34(3):209-218

A variety of commercial Informal Reading Inventories (IRIs) have recently been proposed as convenient and, perhaps, more reliable alternatives to teacher constructed instruments. This assumption is examined from an interactive point of view using case study data from three young readers. Reader variability across IRIs is discussed in terms of the varying demands of text and task, and in terms of the idiosyncratic contributions of each individual to the reading act.  相似文献   

    

Sherrie L. Nist  Katie Kirby 《Reading Psychology》2013,34(4):321-338

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“You can be a behaviorist and still talk about the mind – as long as you don't put it into a person's head”: An interview with Howard Rachlin1     

Carsta Simon 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2023,119(1):9-15

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Amy Canevello  Tao Jiang  Kirby Magid  Jasmine Perry  Jennifer Crocker 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2023,17(9):e12809

Despite evidence of the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and their wide availability, many in the U.S. are not vaccinated. Research demonstrates that prosocial orientations predict COVID-19 health behaviors (e.g., social distancing) and vaccination intentions, however, little work has examined COVID-19 vaccination willingness in the U.S. since vaccines were approved. Findings from two U.S. samples show that, in contrast to other COVID-19 health behaviors, vaccine willingness in unvaccinated people is unrelated to prosocial orientation. Study 2 demonstrates that the lack of association between vaccine willingness and prosocial orientation in unvaccinated participants was specific to those with stronger beliefs that COVID-19 vaccines are ineffective. Thus, in prosocial people, perceptions of vaccines' ineffectiveness may undermine COVID-19 vaccine willingness.  相似文献   

    

Bao-fang Wen  Hui-xin Hu  Yi-jing Zhang  Ling-ling Wang  Han-xue Yang  Yi Wang  Yanyu Wang  Simon S. Y. Lui  Hongwei Sun  Raymond C. K. Chan 《PsyCh Journal》2023,12(2):202-210

Emotion processing and beliefs about pleasure can influence the development and severity of depressive symptoms. This cluster analysis study aimed to profile a large sample of college students using pleasure experience, emotion expression and regulation as well as beliefs about pleasure. We also aimed to validate the resultant clusters in terms of depressive symptoms. A set of checklists capturing beliefs about pleasure and the three facets of emotion processing was administered to 1028 college students. A two-stage cluster analysis was used to analyze the profile of these emotional aspects in these college students. Our results showed that a three-cluster solution best fit the data. Cluster 1 (n = 536) was characterized by moderate levels of beliefs about pleasure, pleasure experience, emotion expression, and regulation; Cluster 2 (n = 402) was characterized by generally high levels of beliefs about pleasure, pleasure experience, emotion expression, and regulation; Cluster 3 (n = 90) was characterized by relatively low levels of beliefs about pleasure, pleasure experience, emotion expression, and regulation. The three clusters differed significantly in the severity of depressive symptoms. Our findings suggest the existence of three emotional subtypes, which may be useful in early detection of youth at risk of developing depression.  相似文献   

    

Simon B. Goldberg  Raymond P. Tucker  Maleeha Abbas  Megan E. Schultz  Michele Hiserodt  Kathryn A. Thomas  Michael D. Anestis  Mary F. Wyman 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2019,49(6):1668-1679

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Emma Heywood  Simon Goodman 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2019,29(2):133-145

Dehumanisation of opponents in conflict has been shown to be a common and damaging feature in the media. What is not understood is how this dehumanisation is challenged, which is the novel contribution that this research will make. Drawing on focus groups (four focus groups each with four to six participants) conducted in the West Bank in 2015 that discussed media coverage of international conflict, this article demonstrates the ways in which young Palestinian participants attempt to rehumanize themselves in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Discursive analysis demonstrates how this was achieved in a number of ways: categorising Palestinians as “human being”; by directly and explicitly challenging the suggestion that Palestinians are less than human; by drawing the enemy into the category “human”; and by embodying the “human.” These findings, the first to address the talk of young Palestinians about the reporting of violent conflicts around the world, demonstrate the importance of categorization and how, in this case, the specifics of the use of the (human) category work to rehumanize Palestinians in the face of (claims of) dehumanisation.  相似文献   

    

Kirby Deater‐Deckard  Jennifer Godwin  Jennifer E. Lansford  Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado  Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong  Liane Pea Alampay  Suha M. Al‐Hassan  Dario Bacchini  Marc H. Bornstein  Lei Chang  Laura Di Giunta  Kenneth A. Dodge  Paul Oburu  Concetta Pastorelli  Ann T. Skinner  Emma Sorbring  Laurence Steinberg  Sombat Tapanya 《Developmental science》2019,22(5)

The current longitudinal study is the first comparative investigation across low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) to test the hypothesis that harsher and less affectionate maternal parenting (child age 14 years, on average) statistically mediates the prediction from prior household chaos and neighborhood danger (at 13 years) to subsequent adolescent maladjustment (externalizing, internalizing, and school performance problems at 15 years). The sample included 511 urban families in six LMICs: China, Colombia, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, and Thailand. Multigroup structural equation modeling showed consistent associations between chaos, danger, affectionate and harsh parenting, and adolescent adjustment problems. There was some support for the hypothesis, with nearly all countries showing a modest indirect effect of maternal hostility (but not affection) for adolescent externalizing, internalizing, and scholastic problems. Results provide further evidence that chaotic home and dangerous neighborhood environments increase risk for adolescent maladjustment in LMIC contexts, via harsher maternal parenting.  相似文献   

    

Yun‐si Liang  Han‐xue Yang  Yan‐tao Ma  Simon S. Y. Lui  Eric F. C. Cheung  Yi Wang  Raymond C. K. Chan 《PsyCh Journal》2019,8(4):439-448

The Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) is a commonly used instrument in empathy research. However, this scale has not been validated in the Chinese context. We examined the psychometric properties and structure of the QCAE in a Chinese sample consisting of 1224 college students. The whole sample was split into two halves for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n = 617) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 607). A subsample (n = 351) completed the Chinese versions of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to examine convergent validity and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS) to examine the discriminate validity. Finally, 79 participants of the above subsample were retested after a 4‐week interval. Results from EFA and CFA suggested a five‐factor model, namely Perspective Taking, Online Simulation, Emotional Contagion, Proximal Responsivity, and Peripheral Responsivity. The internal consistency was .86 and test–retest reliability was .76. Scores on the QCAE positively correlated with scores on the IRI and negatively correlated with scores on the RSAS. The Chinese version of the QCAE exhibited good factor structure, reliability, and validity. Specific relationships between empathy and social anhedonia were also demonstrated.  相似文献   

    

Simon Paul Clarke 《Qualitative research in psychology》2018,15(2-3):247-259

This article presents an autoethnography in the form of a short story of the experiences of a mental breakdown, and subsequent involuntary detainment, alongside the experiences of conducting PhD research outside the mainstream of the discipline of psychology. In response to criticisms of narrative approaches that they are methodologically solipsistic and present a socially atomised self, this narrative combines patient medical records with narrative recollections and reflections on the research process from a contemporary perspective. In doing so, the narrative explores and interrogates themes relevant to creative practice in psychological research, including the notion of authenticity, methodological issues of researching personal experience, the problem of subjectivity and, ultimately, the nature of madness and psychological distress, including its nonlinearity and otherness.  相似文献