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191.
Simon Tak‐mau Chan 《Journal of Family Therapy》2013,35(4):441-448
Family therapy in Macau is in its early stages of development. The Satir model and structural family therapy were the first two therapies introduced. Later on, solution‐focused brief therapy and narrative therapy were also introduced. Macau has been undergoing dramatic socioeconomic changes since the relaxation of the gambling licenses. In sociocultural terms this has led to significant changes: the so‐called ‘dealer's complex’, gambling, drug abuse and youth deviance have become more prevalent. To address complicated family problems, various counselling institutes and training centres were established to conduct family therapy. However, there are still some limitations and challenges that must be addressed in order to have a thriving family therapy profession in Macau. 相似文献
192.
Simon Prosser 《Ratio》2007,20(1):75-90
It is usually taken for granted that we could experience the passage of time. Since it seems to us that we experience the passage of time it is therefore assumed that we have prima facie reason to believe that time passes. But this is false; the passage of time could not be an object of experience because it could not cause, shape or influence temporal experience in any way. After explaining each premise of the argument I discuss several objections that are likely to be raised. I also discuss some related epistemic arguments against the passage of time given by Huw Price and David Braddon‐Mitchell along with objections raised against them by Tim Maudlin and Peter Forrest respectively. 相似文献
193.
Chase and Simon's chunking theory of expert memory, which emphasizes the role of pattern recognition in problem solving,
has attracted much attention in cognitive psychology. Holding advanced a series of criticisms that, taken together, purported
to refute the theory. Two valid criticisms – that chunk size and LTM encoding were underestimated – are dealt with by a simple
extension of the theory. The remainder of Holding's criticisms either are not empirically founded or are based on a misunderstanding
of the chunking theory and its role in a comprehensive theory of skill. Holding's alternative SEEK theory, which emphasizes
the role of search, lacks key mechanisms that could be implemented by the type of pattern recognition proposed by Chase and
Simon.
Received: 3 September 1997 / Accepted: 28 January 1998 相似文献
194.
195.
This paper describes an information-processing model, MAPP, implemented as a computer program, that simulates the processes subjects use to remember and reproduce chess positions they have seen briefly. The model incorporates processes adapted from PERCEIVER, an information-processsing theory of eye movements in chess perception, and EPAM, a theory of rote verbal learning. The data from MAPP show good agreement with the performance of strong chess players in identical tasks. 相似文献
196.
Subjects worked at a 10-item Anagrams Test. In a manipulative control condition the prior performance of subjects on a set of practice anagrams was controlled so that half of these subjects began the test with high expectations of success and half with low expectations of success As a check on the manipulation, subjects provided ratings of how confident they were that they could pass the test (i e, solve five anagrams or more) In a selective control condition subjects were not given practice items but were subsequently assigned to high versus low expectation groups on the basis of their confidence ratings The difficulty level of the items in the Anagrams Test was manipulated so that half the subjects in each condition passed the test and half failed. Subsequently all subjects were required to rate the degree to which they considered ability (or lack of ability), effort (or lack of effort), task difficulty (easy or hard), and luck (good or bad) were causes of their performance outcome (success or failure). It was found that the expected success was attributed more to ability and less to good luck than was the unexpected success The expected failure was attributed more to lack of ability and less to bad luck than was the unexpected failure There was a greater tendency for subjects to appeal to task difficulty and effort as causes of their performance when they succeeded than when they failed. These results were discussed in terms of a structural balance model of attribution behavior and also in relation to Heider's naive analysis of the causes of action 相似文献
197.
198.
Simon A. Salter 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1971,50(1):51-51
These selections are responses from recent enrollees of one Employability Development Team of the Concentrated Employment Program to the question: “What is your best or most important learning experience, and under what circumstances did it come about?” The words are theirs, the format is the writer's. 相似文献
199.
Simon Folkard 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》1974,26(3):495-502
The long reaction times of mentally subnormal children have commonly been attributed to an inability to build up an adequate preparatory set. The experiment reported attempted to test this suggestion by comparing the ability of normal and subnormal children to anticipate a regularly occurring event. The performance of educable subnormal (ESN) children was found to be inferior to that of normal children matched on mental age (NMA) both in terms of the accuracy and the variability of their anticipations. However, this inferiority disappeared when visual input was restricted to the relevant events. It is concluded that ESN children suffer both in the accuracy and in the variability with which they estimate time intervals. It is suggested that these deficits may be mediated either by a relatively high level of distractability or by a relatively low level of arousal. 相似文献
200.
Pianpian Guan Alessandra Capezio Simon Lloyd D. Restubog Shari Read Jennifer Ann L. Lajom Min Li 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2016
Integrating career construction (Savickas, 2013) and cognitive evaluation (Ryan & Deci, 2002) theories, we examined the moderating role of traditionality beliefs in the indirect relationships among parental support, career decision-making self-efficacy and career adaptability among Chinese university students. Data were collected from 731 undergraduate students in China at two measurement periods, 18 months apart. Results showed that Time 1 parental support was associated positively with Time 1 career decision-making self-efficacy and Time 2 career adaptability. In addition, the conditional indirect effects of Time 1 parental support in predicting Time 2 career adaptability via Time 1 career decision making self-efficacy were stronger among students with low as opposed to high traditionality beliefs. The implications of the results in terms of theory and practice are discussed. 相似文献