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71.
The present work aims to investigate the relation between appraisals, emotions, and emotion regulation strategies by creating
a structural equation model which integrates these three aspects of the emotion process. To reach this aim, Italian students
(N = 610) confronted with their high school diploma examination completed a questionnaire 3 weeks before the beginning of the
exam. Results showed that they experienced primarily three types of emotions—anxiety/fear, frustration/powerlessness, positive
emotions—which were related to specific appraisal profiles. Importantly, these appraisal profiles and emotions were associated
with the use of different strategies for regulating emotions: anxiety/fear was associated with focusing on the exam, drug
use, and an inability to distance oneself from the exam; frustration/powerlessness, with use of suppression, distancing, and
drugs; positive emotion, with reappraisal and problem focused strategies. The effectiveness of these different strategies
will be discussed. 相似文献
72.
Martina Amanzio Silvia Monteverdi Alessandra Giordano Paola Soliveri Paola Filippi Giuliano Geminiani 《Brain and cognition》2010
Background
This study analyzed the presence of awareness of movement disorders (dyskinesias and hypokinesias) in 25 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and motor fluctuations (dyskinesias, wearing off, on–off fluctuations). Of the few studies that have dealt with this topic, none have analyzed the differences in the awareness of motor deficits by comparing the on and off states using motor scales and an extensive battery of tests to assess cognitive and behavioral functioning.Methods
PD patients were compared on three different scales that we have devised to measure awareness of movement disorders: Global Awareness of Movement (GAM) Disorders, dyskinesia/hypo-bradykinesia rating scales.Results
Data showed that PD patients had greater awareness and psychological suffering in the off state than in the on state. In particular, they were troubled by motor disabilities related to hypokinesias and had mood-related symptoms and a perception of disability in activities of daily living. Interestingly, patients only showed a selective reduction of awareness of movement disorders associated with executive functions and related to dyskinesias in the on state, compared to a preserved awareness of hypokinesias in the off state. On the contrary, no association with executive functions was found in the off state.Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the dopaminergic overstimulation of mesocorticolimbic pathways may cause a dysfunction of prefrontal–subcortical connections related to the impaired insight. 相似文献73.
Assessment of Score Dependability of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales Using Generalizability Analysis
Beate P. Winterstein John T. Willse Thomas R. Kwapil Paul J. Silvia 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(4):575-585
To investigate the reliability of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales, this study applied generalizability analysis with two college
student samples who completed the scales at two time points. The results indicated that the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale
had acceptable levels of score dependability, but that the score dependability for the other scales (the Physical Anhedonia
Scale, the Perceptual Aberration Scale, and the Magical Ideation Scale) was below an acceptable level of .80. The patterns
of variance components suggested that the scales’ items need improvement. Researchers can use the included tables to choose
the number of items and occasions needed to get dependable score interpretations. 相似文献
74.
In the decision-making literature, “advice” has typically been defined very restrictively, as a recommendation concerning which alternative the decision-maker should choose. The present paper examines decision-makers’ reactions to this and three additional types of advice (a recommendation concerning which alternative not to choose, information about alternatives, and a recommendation concerning how to make the decision), along with another common form of interpersonal assistance (Social Support), from the perspective of maximizing decision accuracy and maintaining decision autonomy. The role of situational and individual differences is also examined. Results from two multilevel policy-capturing studies indicate that, although they consider recommendations regarding which alternative to choose to be important in some contexts, decision-makers often prefer to receive a type of advice that is greatly understudied by researchers—namely, the provision of information about alternatives. The implications of these findings for the study of advice-taking are discussed, as are future research directions. 相似文献
75.
Silvia Ciairano Emanuela Rabaglietti Antonella Roggero Tiziana Carmen Callari 《Journal of Adult Development》2010,17(3):177-189
We investigated (in 95 Italians aged 19–29, of both genders, and who were all facing the transition to job): (1) the relationships
between job precariousness, life satisfaction (LS), and the perception that the reality is comprehensible, manageable and
meaningful (sense of coherence—SOC—Antonovsky 1987); (2) the potential buffering effect of SOC versus job precariousness on LS. The findings showed that (a) young adults with
a higher level of education perceive less LS and higher manageability, and youths with a precarious job perceive reality as
less controllable, manageable and meaningful; (b) manageability is positively related with satisfaction with close relationships
and meaningfulness is positively related with LS in general; (c) meaningfulness also buffers the effect of job precariousness
on satisfaction for close relationships; among precarious workers there is a curvilinear relationship with LS: youths with
intermediate meaningfulness also show higher LS with respect to both low and high meaningfulness. 相似文献
76.
The aim of current article was the adaptation and validation of the Adolescents' Perceived Collective Family Efficacy Scale (EFCP/A) in the Spanish context. The sample includes 486 adolescents. Psychometric properties of the EFCP/A were examined with exploratory factor analysis, item analysis and reliability. Construct validity was examined by means of correlations with parental relationships (PBI). The correlations with drug use (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis) and coping strategies were also examined. Results supported the unidimensionality and reliability of the EFCP/A scale in the Spanish context. As hypothesised, adolescents' beliefs in collective family efficacy are highly correlated with the quality of their paternal and maternal relationships. Further, the adolescents who are convinced that their family is efficacious display more productive coping strategies and less drug use. 相似文献
77.
78.
Silviana Braz de Oliveira Silvia Regina Dowgan Tesseroli de Siqueira Ana Rosa Sanvovski Lúcia Maria Thompson Barros do Amaral José Tadeu Tesseroli de Siqueira 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2008,15(4):338-343
The objective of the current study was to evaluate disease-related beliefs, adherence to treatment, quality of life, coping
strategies and cognitive status in a group of Brazilian patients with Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD). Thirty patients were
evaluated with a semi-directed interview, the Coping Strategies Inventory, and a Mini-Mental State Examination. Although half
(50%) of the patients had known their diagnosis long term, 40% of the sample were not correctly following proposed treatment.
All patients had a similar pattern of pain behavior related to TMD, while disease-related beliefs, quality of life and coping
strategies were variable. Expectations about treatment also had significant association with treatment adherence. The findings
of this study suggest that a more thorough understanding of individual differences in TMD is warranted. 相似文献
79.
The authors replicated the study by D. Abrams, J. M. Marques, N. Bown, and M. Henson (2000, Study 2), performed to test the subjective group dynamics model (J. M. Marques, D. Abrams, D. Paez, & C. Martinez-Taboada, 1998). Participants were students enrolled in the psychology department at an Italian university. The present study considered the relationship between students and professors, and the attitude object was limited enrollment for admission to the department. Participants evaluated either in-group or out-group members. Findings replicated those of Abrams et al., except the in-group pronorm deviant was perceived to be less typical and evaluated less positively than the normative members. This finding suggests that, during an intergroup conflict, perception of the typicality of deviants exaggerating the in-group norms--and thus their evaluations--may increase as long as deviance is not perceived to be too accentuated. 相似文献
80.
Silvia Bagdadli Quinetta Roberson Francesco Paoletti 《Journal of business and psychology》2006,21(1):83-102
This study used structural equations modeling to examine the mediating role of procedural justice in the relationships between promotion decisions and organizational commitment and between promotion decisions and intent to leave the organization. 156 managers and executives in Italian subsidiaries of two large multinational organizations in the chemical industry were surveyed about their career history within the organization and their reactions to promotion decisions over an 8-year period. The results showed that promotion decisions influenced feelings of organizational commitment through perceptions of procedural justice in promotion decision-making processes. The theoretical and practical implications of the study’s findings are discussed.This research was supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research (MURST). A previous version of this paper was presented at the 2000 Academy of Management meetings in Toronto and published in the Best Paper Proceedings. We would like to thank Paula Caliguiri, Jason Shaw, M. Susan Taylor, and two anonymous Academy reviewers for their helpful suggestions on prior drafts of this article. 相似文献