Latinas and Postpartum Depression: Role of Partner Relationship,Additional Children,and Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding, additional children, and partner relationship predicted postpartum depression among 59 Latinas who had an infant who was 6 months old or younger. The most powerful predictor was conflict with partner. Counselors working with Latinas experiencing postpartum depression should explore the partner relationship, particularly relationship conflict. El amamantamiento, los otros hijos, y la relación de pareja pronosticaron la depresión postparto en 59 mujeres latinas que tenían un hijo de 6 meses de edad o menos. El factor de pronóstico más fuerte fue el conflicto con su pareja. Los consejeros que trabajen con mujeres latinas con depresión postparto deberían explorar la relación de pareja, sobre todo los conflictos en la relación.     

Representations of Family Practices, Belief in Sex Differences, and Sexism

Two hundred twenty-one adults and young adults answered one of three versions of a questionnaire of opinion scales, which induced a comparison between three pairs of targets (husband and wife; husband and home helper; wife and home helper). After they evaluated the targets’ contributions to family work, participants judged whether the contributions were fair and satisfactory. Then participants’ degree of belief in sex differences and level of sexism were measured. Results show that spouses’ contributions are only judged satisfactory when wife was compared with home helper; male respondents’ reported that they believed more strongly in sex differences when husband and wife were compared; men’s and women’s level of benevolent sexism did not differ when husband was compared with home helper.     

Frontal brain asymmetry in restrained eaters

It is well known that the eating patterns that restrain chronic dieters (restrained eaters) can be disinhibited by anxiety, which in turn has been associated with relative right frontal brain activity in independent electroencephalographic (EEG) studies. Combining these two lines of evidence, the authors tested the hypothesis that chronic restrained eating is associated with relative right frontal asymmetry. Resting anterior brain asymmetry and self-reported measures of anxiety and depression were collected in 23 restrained and 32 unrestrained eaters. As hypothesized, groups differed in tonic frontal activity, with restrained eaters showing more relative right frontal activity. Furthermore, relative right frontal activity was associated with greater self-reported restraint. Right-sided prefrontal asymmetry may thus represent a diathesis associated with increased vulnerability toward restrained eating.     

Spontaneous decay of compulsive urges: the case of covert compulsions

It is well established that many patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder have covert, or internal, compulsions. Empirical studies of this phenomenon, however, are limited. The present study followed the paradigm developed by Rachman and his colleagues for the study of overt compulsions. Patients with urges to carry out covert compulsions underwent an experimental procedure in which their compulsive urges were provoked, followed by a period of response prevention. The strength of the compulsive urges and associated discomfort were monitored. There was marked, and relatively rapid, spontaneous decay of both the compulsive urges and the discomfort. Implications of these results are discussed.     

Evaluating the Effects of Establishing Eye Contact on the Skill Acquisition of Individuals with Autism

Journal of Behavioral Education - Researchers widely assert that requiring eye contact from students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) before instruction is highly important to the outcome of...     

The role of passion for studies on academic procrastination and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

Social Psychology of Education - Procrastination is a maladaptive behaviour that students often experience in academic activities and can result in negative consequences to mental health. The...     

Religiosity/Spirituality and Mental Health and Quality of Life of Early Pregnant Women

Journal of Religion and Health - The present study aims to investigate how religious/spiritual (R/S) beliefs are associated with depressive, anxious and stress symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of...     

An Invitation to Travel in an Interethnic Arena: Listening Carefully to Amerindian Leaders’ Speeches

In this article, we identify usual difficulties faced by Brazilian psychologists when dealing with Amerindian Peoples, concerning the systematic violence experienced by those Peoples, who have been suffering and fighting against a process of genocide and ethnocide. To identify those difficulties, we analysed speeches of Amerindian leaders of the State of São Paulo - Guarani Mbya, Pankararu, Xavante, Baniwa, Tupi - Guarani, Terena, Kaingang and Krenak - which were addressed to psychologists. Those speeches were delivered in events promoted by CRP-SP in 2010 and in the 2nd and 3rd Forums “The Amerindian presence in São Paulo” at the Institute of Psychology (USP), in 2014. From the analysis, we make a distinction between the notions of meeting and dialogical encounter, considering that: 1. not every meeting is an encounter, in the dialogical sense, because the meeting can happen in a way that one of the interlocutors is objectified by the other and 2. being together and building an affective ground is an a priori for the dialogical encounter to happen. Based on the leaderships` speeches and in the notions of Amerindian perspectivism and the phenomenology of alterity in Cultural Psychology, we propose alternative paths to understand constitutive aspects of a dialogical meeting in such interethnic situation. These reflections are proposed as a theoretic-empirical work, as it departs from the comprehension that the theoretical problems are not separated from the concrete situation that enables them to emerge.