排序方式: 共有52条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Navarro JI Aguilar M Alcalde C Ruiz G Marchena E Menacho I 《The Spanish journal of psychology》2011,14(2):580-588
This study identified the cognitive processes that underlie the individual differences in early mathematical performance in elementary school children. Taking into account the Baddeley framework multicomponent model, the inhibitory processes, working memory, phonological awareness, and naming speed are considered to be related to early math learning. To examine this relationship, we compared the performance of a total of 424 typically developing middle-class children, aged between 4 and 7 years in a battery of cognitive and early numeric tests: The Utrecht Early Numeracy Test, the Rapid Automatized Naming Test, Spanish version of the Stroop task, the Numeracy Interference Test, Digit Span test, and Phonological Knowledge Test. The mean age of the participants was 72.21 months (sd = 14.8), and 48.6% were male and 51.4% were female. The results demonstrated that children performing worst on central executive, phonological processing, and inhibitory processes showed lower results in early mathematical tasks measured by The Utrecht Early Numeracy Test. Results supported the notion that the executive system is an important predictor of children's mathematical performance. 相似文献
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Five studies examined the hypothesis that people will strategically portray the self as being more group influenced the more junior they feel within the group. Among social psychologists (Study 1), ratings of self-conformity by group members were greater when the status of the participant was low than when it was high. These effects were replicated in Studies 2, 3, and 4 in which relative intragroup status was manipulated. In Study 3, the authors found junior group members described themselves as more conformist than senior members when they were addressing an ingroup audience, but when they were addressing an outgroup audience the effect disappeared. Furthermore, junior members (but not senior members) rated themselves as more conformist when they were led to believe their responses were public than when responses were private (Study 5). The discussion focuses on the strategic processes underlying low-status group members' self-reports of group influence and the functional role of conformity in groups. 相似文献
44.
The aim of the present study is to explore the MCMI-II personality style and MCMI-II possible disorder of borderline personality (BPD) in various groups of women. 93 patients-31 anorexia nervosa restricting subtype (ANr), 31 anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging subtype (ANp), and 31 bulimia nervosa purging subtype (BNp); 31 women at high risk for eating disorder or symptomatic control group (S-CG) and 31 without known pathology or not symptomatic control group (NS-CG)-completed the Spanish version of the MCMI-II. The results revealed: (1) clinically significant borderline personality traits [74>Base Rate (BR) <85]: 16.1% ANr, 12.9% ANp, and 45.2% BNp versus 3.2% of the S-CG and none of the NS-CG; (2) possible disorder (BR>84): 29% ANr, 41.9% ANp and 29% BNp. According to the MCM-II, women with BNp displayed more BPD traits than possible disorder (though these were more severe). However, the probability of a possible disorder was higher in ANp (more disorders than traits). 相似文献
45.
Job Insecurity and Well-Being: Moderation by Employability 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Inmaculada Silla Nele De Cuyper Francisco J. Gracia José M. Peiró Hans De Witte 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2009,10(6):739-751
The present study investigates the relationship between job insecurity and well-being (psychological distress and life satisfaction),
and the potential role of employability in this relationship. With regard to job insecurity, we hypothesize that job insecurity
may be related to poor well-being. Regarding employability, two avenues are taken. First, we argue that employability may
be beneficial in much the same way that job security is. Second, we suggest that employability may mitigate likely unfavourable
consequences of job insecurity for employees’ well-being. Hypotheses are tested with a sample of 639 Belgian employees from
six organizations. The results suggest that job insecurity is related to poor well-being, while no such association is found
for employability. Furthermore, employability moderates the relationship between job insecurity and life satisfaction, as
expected. Specifically, the model accounts for 8% of the explained variance. However, this pattern of results is not replicated
for psychological distress. 相似文献
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Emotional autonomy and adjustment among emerging adults: The moderating role of family relationships
María Del Carmen García-Mendoza Águeda Parra Inmaculada Sánchez-Queija Enrique Bernardino Arranz Freijo 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2020,61(3):380-387
Emerging adults build their personal maturity within the family context; however, few studies focus on the role of emotional autonomy during this stage. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional autonomy and adjustment during emerging adulthood, bearing in mind the possible moderating role of parental support in this relationship. Data were collected from 1,502 Spanish undergraduate students (903 women) aged between 18 and 29. Participants completed measures of emotional autonomy (EAS, Steinberg & Silverberg, 1986), family social support (MSPSS; Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988), psychological well-being (PWBS; Ryff, Lee, Essex & Schmutte, 1995) and psychological distress (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The results indicate that emotional autonomy correlates negatively with family support and psychological well-being and positively with psychological distress. However, only when young people perceive a family context with low social support is gaining emotional distance from their parents associated with an increase in their psychological well-being. Our findings highlight the crucial role that the family environment plays in well-being during young adulthood, and reveal that the effect of emotional distancing from parents on adjustment depends on the quality of the family climate. Future research should seek to gain greater insight into emotional autonomy during emerging adulthood, taking into account cross-cultural diversity. 相似文献
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The target of this study is to assess the relationship between sexual sensation-seeking, worry about STD/HIV infection, and risky sexual behaviours among 182 adolescents aged 13-18 years. Results showed that participants who engaged in a wider range of potentially risky behaviours (e.g., sexual experience, higher number of sexual partners in last six months, and the last sexual contact with a casual partner) obtained higher sensation-seeking scores. It was also found that adolescents who engaged in sex with a casual partner in their last sexual contact reported being worried about STD/HIV infection, but adolescents having sex with a steady partner underestimated their risk of STD/HIV infection. These results support the idea that preventive programmes may benefit from including components aimed at teaching adolescents to satisfy their preferences for sexual sensation-seeking through novel and stimulating sexual behaviours involving minimum risk. Similarly, the need to include components aimed at making adolescents become realistically aware of the STD/HIV risk involved in unprotected intercourse with steady love partners is highlighted. 相似文献
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In the present study, we tested a computer-based procedure for assessing very concise summaries (50 words long) of two types
of text (narrative and expository) using latent semantic analysis (LSA) in comparison with the judgments of four human experts.
LSA was used to estimate semantic similarity using six different methods: four holistic (summary-text, summary-summaries,
summary-expert summaries, and pregraded-ungraded summary) and two componential (summary-sentence text and summary-main sentence
text). A total of 390 Spanish middle and high school students (14–16 years old) and six experts read a narrative or expository
text and later summarized it. The results support the viability of developing a computerized assessment tool using human judgments
and LSA, although the correlation between human judgments and LSA was higher in the narrative text than in the expository,
and LSA correlated more with human content ratings than with human coherence ratings. Finally, the holistic methods were found
to be more reliable than the componential methods analyzed in this study. 相似文献
50.
Inmaculada Cobos Fernández 《The Journal of medical humanities》2001,22(4):265-283
This work is a study of Jane Bowles's madness as revealed through several of her literary works and her life story. On a parallel plane, it is an epistemological exploration of the points of intersection between humanistic psychoanalysis and deconstructive literary criticism. Here we consider the schizoid traits in Two Serious Ladies (1943) and in Camp Cataract (1949), using the theories developed in this area by the psychiatrist R. D. Laing (1927–1989). 相似文献