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11.
Objective
To study the effects of green tea extract administration on age-related cognition in young and old male Wistar rats.Methods
Young and old rats were orally administered 0.5% green tea extract for a period of eight weeks and were evaluated by passive avoidance, elevated maze plus paradigm and changes in acetylcholinesterase activity.Results
Treatment of young and old rats with the extract resulted in no significant difference in performance on the rota rod treadmill test/righting reflex time. Green tea extract significantly improved learning and memory in older rats, with increased retention latency to enter difference in passive avoidance test. In the elevated maze test, green tea treatment resulted in significantly more number of entries in the enclosed arm by the young and old rats. Decline in acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in the cerebrum of green tea treated old rats in comparison to the green tea treated young rats.Conclusion
Green tea extract administration is effective in enhancing learning and memory in aged rats, and hence, may serve useful in reversing age-related deficits. 相似文献12.
Cornelius J. König Markus Langer Clemens B. Fell Raghuvar Dutt Pathak Nida ul Habib Bajwa Eva Derous Sanja M. Geißler Shinichi Hirose Ute Hülsheger Nino Javakhishvili Nilve Junges Birgit Knudsen Michael S.W. Lee Marco G. Mariani Gopal C. Nag Claudia Petrescu Chet Robie Halahingano Rohorua Lavinia D. Sammel Désirée Schichtel Sergei Titov Ketevan Todadze Alexander H. von Lautz Martina Ziem 《Psychologie appliquee》2021,70(3):1360-1379
Many companies recruit employees from different parts of the globe, and faking behavior by potential employees is a ubiquitous phenomenon. It seems that applicants from some countries are more prone to faking compared to others, but the reasons for these differences are largely unexplored. This study relates country-level economic variables to faking behavior in hiring processes. In a cross-national study across 20 countries, participants (N = 3,839) reported their faking behavior in their last job interview. This study used the random response technique (RRT) to ensure participants’ anonymity and to foster honest answers regarding faking behavior. Results indicate that general economic indicators (gross domestic product per capita [GDP] and unemployment rate) show negligible correlations with faking across the countries, whereas economic inequality is positively related to the extent of applicant faking to a substantial extent. These findings imply that people are sensitive to inequality within countries and that inequality relates to faking, because inequality might actuate other psychological processes (e.g., envy) which in turn increase the probability for unethical behavior in many forms. 相似文献
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Shubha Ranganathan 《Psychological studies》2013,58(4):437-445
This paper explores women’s experiences of marriage, stress, and spirit possession in the context of healing shrines. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork in three Mahanubhav temples in Maharashtra (western India). Women’s narratives emphasized the tensions and conflicts they experience in relation to marriage. These accounts about family stress were not just empirical accounts of stress but narrative devices that legitimize women’s stay in the temple. Thus, in referring to the temple as the “natal home”, women seek to access their privilege to periodically visit the temple “just as” they would visit the natal home. By making available to women alternative spaces and subject positions, these narratives of spirit possession and marriage emerge as powerful expressions of women’s agency. 相似文献
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Patrick D. Converse Stephanie A. Miloslavic Christen N. Lockamy Mary Margaret Sudduth Katrina Piccone Jaya Pathak 《人类行为》2013,26(5):374-389
Several studies have examined goal fluctuation over time, focusing on variability in goal level. This study investigated within-person variation in goal content and goal frame. Drawing from Motivated Action Theory (DeShon & Gillespie, 2005) we examined variability in goal orientation over time in terms of amount, patterns, antecedents, and consequences. Participants completed a dispositional goal orientation measure and then daily surveys assessing perceptions, behavior, and goal orientation prior to a single performance episode. Results indicated there was substantial within-person variability, there were patterns in this variability involving goal-related behaviors and dispositional goal orientation, and certain patterns predicted exam performance. These findings suggest it may be useful to focus on not only goal level but also goal content and goal frames in future goal regulation research. 相似文献
15.
Reinout E. de Vries Raghuvar D. Pathak Anthony R. Paquin 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(6):779-804
Although charismatic and participative leaders have been noted for their positive effects on criteria such as performance, job satisfaction, and commitment, few studies have looked at the relations with subordinates' leadership needs. In this study, the relations between charismatic and participative leadership, team outcomes, and a team's need for leadership were investigated. The sample consisted of South Pacific CEOs and their top-level management teams from Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Vanuatu, and the Solomon Islands. Results showed that charismatic leadership was related to both group-level need for leadership and positive team outcomes. However, team outcomes did not mediate the relations between leadership and a team's need for leadership. Additionally, a moderator effect was found between participative leadership and charismatic leadership in explaining a team's need for leadership, implying that teams of subordinates with participative charismatic leaders need more instead of less leadership from their CEOs. 相似文献
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Patrick D. Converse Katrina Piccone Christen N. Lockamy Stephanie A. Miloslavic Kamil Mysiak Jaya Pathak 《Journal of applied social psychology》2014,44(3):210-219
Self‐regulatory processes are central to achievement contexts, as individuals spend much of their time in these situations pursuing goals. This study investigated the effects of accountability and outcome interdependence on goal and effort regulation over time. Participants completed five task trials, reporting goals and intended effort prior to each trial and receiving performance feedback after each trial. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that there was a positive within‐person relationship between performance and subsequent goals. More importantly, findings indicated that the performance–goal relationship was moderated by accountability and the performance–effort relationship was moderated by outcome interdependence. These results reveal that the goal and effort regulation patterns observed in prior studies are influenced by common social contextual factors, leading to different patterns of self‐regulation. 相似文献
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