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161.
Deborah J. Tharinger Stephen E. Finn Prerna Arora Laura Judd-Glossy Shasta M. Ihorn Judith T. Wan 《Journal of personality assessment》2013,95(2):111-123
All the steps in the model of therapeutic assessment used with children (TA–C) are designed to involve and impact the child's parents. However, a distinctive process that parallels and accompanies the testing sessions with the child might be the most significant in helping parents shift their story of their child and family. In this process, parents are invited to observe their child's testing sessions (in an adjacent room through a live video feed, through a 1-way mirror, or in the corner of the testing room) and process the experience with the assessor (either simultaneously in the case of the 2-assessor model or after the fact in the 1-assessor model). We discuss the development and evolution of what we have come to call the “behind the mirror” method. We describe the therapeutic intent of the method and delineate 13 techniques utilized to enlist parents as active collaborators. We illustrate each technique using the case study of a 10-year-old boy where the 2-assessor model and live video feed method were used. We also provide research findings from the case study that address the parents’ experience of the assessment and their changed view of their child. 相似文献
162.
William G. Shipman 《Journal of personality assessment》2013,95(2):227-232
To explore what aspect of personality the TAT taps, the TAT responses of 122 healthy, white adults were compared with their scores on the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. In Part I major dimensions of the stories were compared with inventory scores. The number of significant correlations were less than expected by chance. In Part II a cross-validation procedure was used with test signs. Half the cases were used to find story characteristics that coincided with an inventory trait score. When these were checked for presence in the second half of the cases, signs held up for the traits of Introversion, Emotional Maturity, Surgency, and Social Sophistication. In Part III inventory scores were predicted from the global study of the TATs of thirty cases, with better than chance success. The Happy-Sad dimension repeatedly had the best inter-test congruence. Intensive case analysis indicated that the TAT shifted in “depth” so that faulty correlations occurred with shallow, conventional stories or overly deep, “ego alien” stories. 相似文献
163.
Judith Kaplan 《Journal of the history of the behavioral sciences》2013,49(3):281-305
This paper investigates the history of the Royal Prussian Phonographic Commission, a body that collected and archived linguistic, ethnographic, and anthropological data from prisoners‐of‐war (POWs) in Germany during World War I. Recent literature has analyzed the significance of this research for the rise of conservative physical anthropology. Taking a complementary approach, the essay charts new territory in seeking to understand how the prison‐camp studies informed philology and linguistics specifically. I argue that recognizing philological commitments of the Phonographic Commission is essential to comprehending the project contextually. My approach reveals that linguists accommodated material and contemporary evidence to older text‐based research models, sustaining dynamic theories of language. Through a case study based on the Iranian philologist F. C. Andreas (1846–1930), the paper ultimately argues that linguistics merits greater recognition in the historiography of the behavioral sciences. 相似文献
164.
Harry T. Reis Margaret S. Clark Denis J. Pereira Gray Fen-Fang Tsai Judith B. Brown Moira Stewart 《Basic and applied social psychology》2013,35(4):339-348
This article reports results from a three-country study of patient perceptions of physician responsiveness. Based on existing research in the medical and social-psychological literatures, we theorized that patients' perceptions of physician responsiveness to their needs would be an important component of the patient–physician relationship and that this construct could be distinguished reliably from more global assessments of patient satisfaction. We then developed a new measure designed to assess these perceptions from the patients' point of view. This measure was administered to large samples of patients in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. Results supported our hypotheses. Patient perception of physician responsiveness significantly predicted both patient satisfaction and subjective health-related problems, over and above effects attributable to general satisfaction. We also noted the absence of significant differences across the three cultures or sex, suggesting that the process we identify has considerable generality. We also describe a short version of our measure that researchers may find useful in a variety of research or clinical settings. 相似文献
165.
We examined whether faces differing in attractiveness elicit positive and negative affect in 7- to 10-year-old children (N=66) and adults (N=73). Facial electromyography measured affective response. Less attractive faces evoked significantly more levator labii superioris responses in adults and children. Attractiveness was negatively correlated with corrugator supercilii activity in adults, but not significantly in children. These results suggest that less attractive faces evoke greater disgust and negative affect than more attractive faces. Perceivers' affective reactions to attractive faces may play an important role in attractiveness preferences and attractiveness stereotypes. 相似文献
166.
In response to our proposal that DISGUST be considered an emotional system comparable to the SEEKING system, Panksepp has argued that the inclusion of disgust would necessitate the addition of hunger, thirst, fatigue, and other affective states. Although the English word disgust may carry primarily gustatory connotations, we are not suggesting a distaste system but a broad multipurpose system comparable to SEEKING. Our proposal is that nutritionally-, sexually-, and socially-related stimuli plus ideational components are all able to activate either the SEEKING or DISGUST systems in analogous ways. Our intent is to point out this evolutionary trajectory from illness-related reactions, which include distaste reflexes, through more complex learned aversions and avoidance responses, to human core disgust, which eventually gives rise to a secondary emotion encompassing socio-moral attributes. 相似文献
167.
A sample of 18 Grade 6 male poor readers was assigned to one of two expository passages to read aloud. Miscues were analyzed according to the RMI system of Goodman and Burke. A comparison was made of miscues on cohesive items with miscues in general. Readers were also asked to recall the passage. Recall protocols were scored for central and peripheral elements based upon a cohesion map of the recall. An ANOVA indicated no differences between passages, but showed that students made miscue responses to cohesive items which were less similar graphically and phonoloqically to the target words than the errors made in general. Also they lost meaning and syntax more frequently on cohesive items. Recall of central items was poor. Overall recall was related to the grammatical relationships and meaning relationships aspects of the RMI analysis. Inability to use cohesion appears to adversely affect recall. The semantic aspect of cohesion appears worthy of further research as it affects comprehension and recall. 相似文献
168.
Twenty-two second and third grade children experiencing difficulties with social relationships and reading comprehension participated in small group Relationally Oriented Reading Instruction for eight weeks. Developmental and literacy assessments done before and after the reading intervention showed statistically significant improvements in the understanding of text and in social imagination. Analysis of writing samples resulted in a typology of relationally oriented response. Together these data provide initial evidence linking the understanding of texts to the development of other relational capacities like social imagination, and indicate that purposeful use of picture books within relationally oriented reading instruction may enhance this development. 相似文献
169.
Judith P. Siegel Ph.D. 《Psychoanalytic Inquiry》2013,33(3):406-419
It is impossible to speak meaningfully about a couple's relationship without giving full consideration to the way the partners' childhood experiences have influenced their identities. Each partner is affected by his or her relationships with both parents and by intimacy beliefs shaped through observations of the parents' marriage. Often, unconscious identifications underlie the interactions that lead distressed couples to seek therapy. This paper explores two concepts that can assist therapists in repairing the present in the context of the past—projective identification and disidentification. Consideration is given to the power of the parents' marriage and to identifications based on individual parents. 相似文献
170.
Judith E. Vida 《International Forum of Psychoanalysis》2013,22(3-4):235-241
In Martin Stanton's 1990 monograph Sandor Ferenczi: Reconsidering Active Intervention , one of six exegetical chapters was titled "Teratoma", using Ferenczi's own word for malformations of (psychic) development. Since then, there has been a tendency in the larger Ferenczi literature to use "teratoma" as a metaphor, leading to the creation of many odd readings and contexts for this very specific, medical, anatomic term. When Stanton becomes expansive in viewing the teratoma as a "transitional object" which "negotiates a relationship between the growth of ideal-ego ideas in oneself and the outside 'influence' of inner systems of thought" (p. 176), he is entering the play-space that opened between Ferenczi and Groddeck during the 20s as Ferenczi's relationship with Freud became increasingly constricted. What this misses is that Ferenczi was a physician, as was Groddeck. For all their fanciful explorations of mind and body relatedness, for both Ferenczi and Groddeck there would be a shared background of certain basic terminology. In that medical terminology, "teratoma" refers to variable numbers of primordial germ cells in the embryo, which in the course of development become displaced, sequestered and grotesquely overgrown; they can never become the tissues they were meant to be. Their potential is forever squandered. "Monsters" they may be; "doubles" they may seem; but they are utterly non-viable. In his metaphorical application of the term "teratoma" to the natural history of (psychic) trauma, Ferenczi proposes a biological and psychological isomorphism that is both clinically illuminating and intuitively prophetic of the course of treatment of trauma, which he was discovering. Clinical and literary material are used to explore the gap between the anatomic teratoma and the psychic teratoma. 相似文献